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Wang J, Yang Y, Zhang A, Zeng L, Xiao S, Ma H, Li J, Mao F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yu Z, Zhang J, Xiang Z. Serum amyloid protein (SAA) as a healthy marker for immune function in Tridacna crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:495-500. [PMID: 35202805 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Serum amyloid protein (SAA) is known as an acute reactive protein of innate immunity in mammals. However, in invertebrates, the role of SAA in innate immunity is still unclear. In this study, a full-length cDNA of the SAA gene (named TcSAA) was cloned from Tridacna crocea, mollusca. The gene includes a 193 bp 5' untranslated region (UTR) and a 129 bp 3' UTR sequence, and the open reading frame (ORF) with 393 bp nucleotides encodes a polypeptide of 130 amino acids. TcSAA contains a typical signal peptide and an SAA functional domain. The mRNA expression of TcSAA was detected in all 12 selected tissues and 7 different developmental stages. Furthermore, the expression of TcSAA was increased quickly in hemocytes after challenge with V. coralliilyticus or LPS. Furthermore, rTcSAA could bind V. coralliilyticus and V. alginolyticus, and the protein could reduce the lethality rate of the clams from 80% to 55% which caused by V. coralliilyticus about 48 h after injection. In summary, these results indicate that TcSAA may act as a marker for monitoring health and protecting T. crocea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aijiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Fan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yuehuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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2
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Ouyang J, Guo W, Li B, Gu L, Zhang H, Xinhua Chen H. Erratum to “Proteomic analysis of differential protein expression in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated in high potassium concentration” [Microbiol. Res. 168 (7) (2013) 455–460]. Microbiol Res 2016; 182:163-8. [PMID: 27062771 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemolithoautotrophic acidophile that oxidizes ferrous iron or sulfur compounds to obtain energy in the presence of various ions. To investigate the potassium ion response of A. ferrooxidans, we conducted a proteomics analysis. We identified eight proteins that were differentially expressed in the presence of high potassium concentration, including four up-regulated and four down-regulated proteins. Transcription levels of the genes encoding differential expressed proteins were subsequently analyzed by Northern blot in the presence of high potassium concentration. Among the up-regulated proteins, GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A and ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase were known to be implicated in the synthesis of glycocalyx, suggesting that the formation of glycocalyx might be involved in the A. ferrooxidans response to high potassium concentration. Thickening of the glycocalyx layer was also observed in cells cultivated under high potassium concentration via transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) analysis. Among the down-regulated proteins, ATP synthase F1 delta subunit and ATP synthase F1 beta subunit were two important components of ATP synthase. ATP synthase (P-ATPase) is directly linked to the transport of potassium into the cell, thus Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans might just reduce the quantity of ATP synthase to offset the high potassium level in the culture medium. Therefore, the results obtained here provide some new clues to improve our understanding of the response of A. ferrooxidans to high potassium concentration.
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Li Y, Zhou J, Zeng X, Yu J. A Novel ACE Inhibitory Peptide Ala-His-Leu-Leu Lowering Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Med Food 2016; 19:181-6. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - XiaoXiong Zeng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina
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4
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Kültz D, Li J, Zhang X, Villarreal F, Pham T, Paguio D. Population-specific plasma proteomes of marine and freshwater three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus
). Proteomics 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Kültz
- Department of Animal Science; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - Johnathon Li
- Department of Animal Science; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - Xuezhen Zhang
- Department of Animal Science; University of California; Davis CA USA
- College of Fisheries; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P. R. China
| | | | - Tuan Pham
- Department of Animal Science; University of California; Davis CA USA
| | - Darlene Paguio
- Department of Animal Science; University of California; Davis CA USA
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Low CF, Shamsudin MN, Abdullah M, Chee HY, Aliyu-Paiko M. Experimental infection of brown-marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forskal), with Vibrio parahaemolyticus identifies parvalbumin beta-2 subunit I, alpha-2-macroglobulin, nattectin and immunoglobulin light chain, differentially expressed in resistant grouper. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:17-25. [PMID: 24397626 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms through which brown-marbled grouper accomplishes resistance to infection, particularly against Vibrios, are not yet fully understood. In this study, brown-marbled grouper fingerlings were experimentally infected with Vibrio parahaemolyticus, to identify disease resistance grouper, and the serum proteome profiles were compared between resistant and susceptible candidates, via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The results showed that putative parvalbumin beta-2 subunit I, alpha-2-macroglobulin, nattectin and immunoglobulin light chain proteins were among proteins that significantly overexpressed in the resistant fish as compared to the susceptible group of fish, whereas apolipoprotein E and immunoglobulin light chain proteins were observed to be differentially overexpressed in the susceptible fish. Further analysis by peptide sequencing revealed that the immunoglobulin light chain proteins identified in the resistant and susceptible groups differed in amino acid composition. Taken together, the results demonstrated for the first time that putative parvalbumin beta-2 subunit I, alpha-2-macroglobulin, nattectin and immunoglobulin light chain are among important proteins participating to effect disease resistance mechanism in fish and were overexpressed to function collectively to resist V. parahaemolyticus infection. Most of these molecules are mediators of immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Low
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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6
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Di Girolamo F, D'Amato A, Lante I, Signore F, Muraca M, Putignani L. Farm animal serum proteomics and impact on human health. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15396-411. [PMID: 25257521 PMCID: PMC4200749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the incompleteness of animal genome sequencing, the analysis and characterization of serum proteomes of most farm animals are still in their infancy, compared to the already well-documented human serum proteome. This review focuses on the implications of the farm animal serum proteomics in order to identify novel biomarkers for animal welfare, early diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of infectious disease treatment, and develop new vaccines, aiming at determining the reciprocal benefits for humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Girolamo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
| | - Alfonsina D'Amato
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, Milano 20131, Italy.
| | - Isabella Lante
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Camillo Hospital, Viale Vittorio Veneto 18, Treviso 31100, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Signore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, 87, Rome 00151, Italy.
| | - Marta Muraca
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Parasitology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy.
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7
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Low CF, Shamsudin MN, Chee HY, Aliyu-Paiko M, Idrus ES. Putative apolipoprotein A-I, natural killer cell enhancement factor and lysozyme g are involved in the early immune response of brown-marbled grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Forskal, to Vibrio alginolyticus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2014; 37:693-701. [PMID: 24304156 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The gram-negative bacterium, Vibrio alginolyticus, has frequently been identified as the pathogen responsible for the infectious disease called vibriosis. This disease is one of the major challenges facing brown-marbled grouper aquaculture, causing fish farmers globally to suffer substantial economic losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the proteins involved in the immune response of brown-marbled grouper fingerlings during their initial encounter with pathogenic organisms. To achieve this objective, a challenge experiment was performed, in which healthy brown-marbled grouper fingerlings were divided into two groups. Fish in the treated group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection with an infectious dose of V. alginolyticus suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and those in the control group were injected with an equal volume of PBS. Blood samples were collected from a replicate number of fish from both groups at 4 h post-challenge and analysed for immune response-related serum proteins via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The results showed that 14 protein spots were altered between the treated and control groups; these protein spots were further analysed to determine the identity of each protein via MALDI-TOF/TOF. Among the altered proteins, three were clearly overexpressed in the treated group compared with the control; these were identified as putative apolipoprotein A-I, natural killer cell enhancement factor and lysozyme g. Based on these results, these three highly expressed proteins participate in immune response-related reactions during the initial exposure (4 h) of brown-marbled grouper fingerling to V. alginolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Low
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
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8
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Umasuthan N, Revathy KS, Whang I, Kim E, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, Lee JH, Park HC, Lee J. Genomic identification and molecular characterization of a non-mammalian TNFAIP8L2 gene from Oplegnathus fasciatus. Gene 2014; 542:52-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Anwar MA, Choi S. Gram-negative marine bacteria: structural features of lipopolysaccharides and their relevance for economically important diseases. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2485-514. [PMID: 24796306 PMCID: PMC4052302 DOI: 10.3390/md12052485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative marine bacteria can thrive in harsh oceanic conditions, partly because of the structural diversity of the cell wall and its components, particularly lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS is composed of three main parts, an O-antigen, lipid A, and a core region, all of which display immense structural variations among different bacterial species. These components not only provide cell integrity but also elicit an immune response in the host, which ranges from other marine organisms to humans. Toll-like receptor 4 and its homologs are the dedicated receptors that detect LPS and trigger the immune system to respond, often causing a wide variety of inflammatory diseases and even death. This review describes the structural organization of selected LPSes and their association with economically important diseases in marine organisms. In addition, the potential therapeutic use of LPS as an immune adjuvant in different diseases is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ayaz Anwar
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea.
| | - Sangdun Choi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Korea.
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10
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Proteomic analysis of differential protein expression in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans cultivated in high potassium concentration. Microbiol Res 2013; 168:455-60. [PMID: 23414699 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemolithoautotrophic acidophile that oxidizes ferrous iron or sulfur compounds to obtain energy in the presence of various ions. To investigate the potassium ion response of A. ferrooxidans, we conducted a proteomics analysis. We identified eight proteins that were differentially expressed in the presence of high potassium concentration, including four up-regulated and four down-regulated proteins. Transcription levels of the genes encoding differential expressed proteins were subsequently analyzed by Northern blot in the presence of high potassium concentration. Among the up-regulated proteins, GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase, ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A and ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase were known to be implicated in the synthesis of glycocalyx, suggesting that the formation of glycocalyx might be involved in the A. ferrooxidans response to high potassium concentration. Thickening of the glycocalyx layer was also observed in cells cultivated under high potassium concentration via transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) analysis. Among the down-regulated proteins, ATP synthase F1 delta subunit and ATP synthase F1 beta subunit were two important components of ATP synthase. ATP synthase (P-ATPase) is directly linked to the transport of potassium into the cell, thus Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans might just reduce the quantity of ATP synthase to offset the high potassium level in the culture medium. Therefore, the results obtained here provide some new clues to improve our understanding of the response of A. ferrooxidans to high potassium concentration.
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11
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Peng XX. Proteomics and its applications to aquaculture in China: infection, immunity, and interaction of aquaculture hosts with pathogens. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 39:63-71. [PMID: 22484215 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2012.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
China is the largest fishery producer worldwide in term of its aquaculture output, and plays leading and decisive roles in international aquaculture development. To improve aquaculture output further and promote aquaculture business development, infectious diseases and immunity of fishes and other aquaculture species must be studied. In this regard, aquaculture proteomics has been widely carried out in China to get a better understanding of aquaculture host immunity and microbial pathogenesis as well as host-pathogen interactions, and to identify novel disease targets and vaccine candidates for therapeutic interventions. These proteomics studies include development of novel methods, assays, and advanced concepts in order to characterize proteomics mechanisms of host innate immune defense and microbial pathogenesis. This review article summarizes some recently published technical approaches and their applications to aquaculture proteomics with an emphasis on the responses of aquaculture animals to bacteria, viruses, and other aqua-environmental stresses, and development of broadly cross-protective vaccine candidates. The reviewed articles are those that have been published in international peer reviewed journals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Xian Peng
- Center for Proteomics, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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12
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Umasuthan N, Whang I, Kim JO, Oh MJ, Jung SJ, Choi CY, Yeo SY, Lee JH, Noh JK, Lee J. Rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) serpin, protease nexin-1: transcriptional analysis and characterization of its antiprotease and anticoagulant activities. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 35:785-798. [PMID: 21419793 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protease nexin-1 (PN-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (SERPIN) protein with functional roles in growth, development, patho-physiology and injury. Here, we report our work to clone, analyze the expression profile and characterize the properties of the PN-1 gene in rock bream (Rb), Oplegnathus fasciatus. RbPN-1 encodes a peptide of 397 amino acids (AA) with a predicted molecular mass of 44 kDa and a 23 AA signal peptide. RbPN-1 protein was found to harbor a characteristic SERPIN domain comprised of a SERPIN signature and having sequence homology to vertebrate PN-1s. The greatest identity (85%) was observed with PN-1 from the three-spined stickleback fish, Gasterosteus aculeatus. The functional domains, including a heparin binding site and reactive centre loop were conserved between RbPN-1 and other fish PN-1s; in particular, they were found to correspond to components of the human plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, PAI-1. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that RbPN-1 was closer to homologues of green spotted pufferfish and Japanese pufferfish. Recombinant RbPN-1 demonstrated antiprotease activity against trypsin (48%) and thrombin (89%) in a dose-dependent manner, and its antithrombotic activity was potentiated by heparin. The anticoagulant function prolonged clotting time by 3.7-fold, as compared to the control in an activated partial thromboplastin time assay. Quantitative real-time PCR results indicated that RbPN-1 is transcribed in many endogenous tissues at different levels. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated a prolonged transcriptional response in hematic cells, and Rb iridovirus up-regulated the RbPN-1 mRNA level in hematic cells to a maximum of 3.4-fold at 12 h post-infection. Interestingly, LPS and Edwardsiella tarda significantly induced the RbPN-1 transcription at the late phase of infection. In vivo studies indicated that injury response caused a temporal suppression in RbPN-1 transcription, in conjunction with that of another SERPIN, rock bream heparin cofactor II, RbHCII. Taken together, our findings suggest that PN-1 functions as an antiprotease and anticoagulant and that SERPINs (PN-1 and HCII) are likely to contribute to immunity and post-injury responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navaneethaiyer Umasuthan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province 690-756, Republic of Korea
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13
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Proteomic approach for acute-phase proteins of hemolymph and muscles in Scylla serrata challenged by a pathogenic bacterium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-006-0031-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Magnadóttir B. Innate immunity of fish (overview). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 20:137-51. [PMID: 15950491 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2004.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1071] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2004] [Accepted: 09/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The innate immune system is the only defence weapon of invertebrates and a fundamental defence mechanism of fish. The innate system also plays an instructive role in the acquired immune response and homeostasis and is therefore equally important in higher vertebrates. The innate system's recognition of non-self and danger signals is served by a limited number of germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors/proteins, which recognise pathogen associated molecular patterns like bacterial and fungal glycoproteins and lipopolysaccharides and intracellular components released through injury or infection. The innate immune system is divided into physical barriers, cellular and humoral components. Humoral parameters include growth inhibitors, various lytic enzymes and components of the complement pathways, agglutinins and precipitins (opsonins, primarily lectins), natural antibodies, cytokines, chemokines and antibacterial peptides. Several external and internal factors can influence the activity of innate immune parameters. Temperature changes, handling and crowding stress can have suppressive effects on innate parameters, whereas several food additives and immunostimulants can enhance different innate factors. There is limited data available about the ontogenic development of the innate immunological system in fish. Active phagocytes, complement components and enzyme activity, like lysozyme and cathepsins, are present early in the development, before or soon after hatching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bergljót Magnadóttir
- Institute for Experimental Pathology, University of Iceland, Keldur v. Vesturlandsveg, IS-112 Reykjavík, Iceland.
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15
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Xu C, Lin X, Ren H, Zhang Y, Wang S, Peng X. Analysis of outer membrane proteome ofEscherichia coli related to resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. Proteomics 2006; 6:462-73. [PMID: 16372265 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The elucidation of the molecular details of antibiotic resistance will lead to improvements in extending the efficacy of current antimicrobials. In the current study, proteomic methodologies were applied to characterize functional outer membrane proteins (Omps) of E. coli K-12 responded to tetracycline and ampicillin resistance for understanding of universal pathways that form barriers for antimicrobial agents. For this purpose, E. coli K-12 expressional outer membrane proteome was characterized and identified with the use of 2-DE and MALDI-TOF/MS methods. Then, differential Omps due to tetracycline or ampcilin resistance were determined by comparison between tetracycline minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)10, ampicillin MIC10, control0 and control10, showing 9 proteins with 11 spots for tetracycline and 8 protein with 9 spots for ampicillin, showing a difference in only 1 protein (decreased LamB in tetracyclin) between the two antibiotics. Among the proteins, 3 were known as antibiotic-resistant proteins, including TolC, OmpC and YhiU, while FimD precursor, LamB, Tsx, YfiO, OmpW, NlpB were first reported here to be antibiotic-resistance-related proteins. Our findings will be helpful for further understanding of antibiotic-resistant mechanism(s). This study also shows that the combination of Omp purification methods certainly contributes the sensitivity of Omp detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Xu
- Center for Proteomics, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China
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16
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Abstract
Fish cell lines are relatively easy to culture and most have simple growth requirements that make cross contamination a potential problem. Cell line contamination is not an uncommon incident in laboratories handling more than one cell line and many reports have been made on cross contamination of mammalian cell lines. Although problems of misidentification and cross-contamination of fish cell lines have rarely been reported, these are issues of concern for cell culturists that can make scientific results and their reproducibility unreliable. Proper identification of cell lines is thus crucial and protocols for routine and rapid screening are preferred. Cytogenetic evaluation, DNA fingerprinting, microsatellite analysis and PCR methods have been published for inter-species identification of many cell lines, but discerning intra-species contamination has been challenging. More complex DNA fingerprinting and hybridization techniques coupled with isoenzyme analysis have been developed to discriminate intra-species contamination, however, these require complex and time consuming procedures to enable cell identification thus are difficult to apply for routine use. A simple proteomic approach has been made to identify several fish cell lines derived from tissues of the same or differing species. Protein expression signatures (PES) of the evaluated fish cell lines have been developed using 2-DE and image analysis. A higher degree of concordance was seen among cell lines derived from rainbow trout, than from other fish species. Similar concordance was seen in cells derived from the same tissues than from other tissues within the same species. These profiles have been saved in an electronic databank and could be made available to be used for discerning the origins of the various cell lines evaluated. This proteomic approach could thus serve as an additional, valuable and reliable technique for the identification of fish cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Wagg
- Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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17
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Xu C, Wang S, Ren H, Lin X, Wu L, Peng X. Proteomic analysis on the expression of outer membrane proteins ofVibrio alginolyticus at different sodium concentrations. Proteomics 2005; 5:3142-52. [PMID: 16021606 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200401128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ability of osmoregulation is crucial to marine pathogens that always face the change of osmotic pressure when they shift between natural marine water-bodies and hosts. Previous studies indicated that the expressional patterns of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) changed when Gram-negative bacteria were transferred in different environments. In the present study, proteomic methodologies were used to investigate the expressional pattern of OMPs of Vibrio alginolyticus, a universal marine pathogen, at different Na(+) concentrations. OmpW, OmpV, and Omp TolC were determined to be osmotic stress responsive proteins. Of the three proteins, importantly, OmpV and OmpW showed distinctly reverse changes to each other, indicating that the two proteins might be the two components varied with changed NaCl concentrations. In addition, our results suggest that closely related species of bacteria with available whole genomic databases should be applied after item microorganism species was used when proteins from a bacterium with unavailable whole genomic information were identified by PMF. Therefore, our results not only expand our knowledge on osmotic stress responsive proteins, but also provide valuable information for strategies on screening of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Xu
- Center for Proteomics, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
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18
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Fan Y, Liu J, Wang S, Wang H, Shi F, Xiong L, He W, Peng X. Functional proteome of bones in rats with osteoporosis following ovariectomy. Life Sci 2005; 76:2893-901. [PMID: 15820501 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2004.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2004] [Accepted: 10/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic condition chiefly affecting postmenopausal women, in whom the skeleton loses a significant percentage of its mineralized mass and mechanical resiliency, thereby becoming prone to fracture. Although the effect of the loss of estrogen on bone metabolism has been documented, its mechanism is still poorly understood. In the present proteomic study, we characterized the effect of estrogen deficiency on protein expression in rat bones. Using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and rat protein database, we successfully identified three distinctly changed proteins named thioredoxin peroxidase 1, myosin light polypeptide 2 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17 kD, among which ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2-17 kD has been documented to be an estrogen-related protein, but the other two are first reported to be osteoporosis-related proteins in the current study. These results provide valuable experimental evidences for the elucidation of the molecular mechanism of osteoporosis related to the loss of estrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Fan
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, P.R. China
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19
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Xu C, Ren H, Wang S, Peng X. Proteomic analysis of salt-sensitive outer membrane proteins of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Res Microbiol 2005; 155:835-42. [PMID: 15567278 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2004.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2004] [Accepted: 07/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a universal marine pathogen with available genome sequences, could be used as a bacterial model to clarify the various physiological phenomena of its native and host environments. In the present study, proteomic methodologies were applied to investigate the expression pattern of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of V. parahaemolyticus at different NaCl concentrations. OmpW, OmpV, elongation factor TU and polar flagellin were determined to be osmoregulation-sensitive OMPs, among which OmpW and OmpV were reported to vary with changed NaCl concentrations in the pattern of osmolarity regulation. Therefore, our results not only expand our knowledge on osmoregulation-related proteins, but also provide a valuable strategy for the screening of salt-sensitive proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxin Xu
- Center for Proteomics, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
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20
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Peng X, Wu Y, Chen J, Wang S. Proteomic approach to identify acute phase response-related proteins with low molecular weight in loach skin following injury. Proteomics 2004; 4:3989-97. [PMID: 15468190 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200300864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Proteome analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) together with mass spectrometry was applied to screen acute phase response (APR)-related proteins with low molecular weight in loach skin following injury. Furthermore, Western blotting and function tests were applied to confirm the results obtained from the proteomic study. Fifteen APR-related proteins with sixteen spots (PLA with two spots) on a 2-DE map were identified in this study. Furthermore, six were known acute phase proteins including galactose-binding lectin (GBL), lysozyme, C3, CD59, double PLA and 50s ribosomal protein; while ATP kinase, zinc finger protein 183, alpha-neurotoxin homology, angiostatin, serine/threonine kinase, metalloproteinase inhibitor, regulator of G-protein 4, cryptdin-9 and disintegrin trigranin were found by our lab to be APR-related proteins. In addition, our results suggest that proteomes with low molecular weight can be characterized by 2-DE with a Tris-tricine system followed by mass spectrometry.
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MESH Headings
- Acute-Phase Proteins/chemistry
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Angiostatins/metabolism
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Chickens
- Chromatography, Ion Exchange
- Computational Biology/methods
- Cypriniformes/metabolism
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional/methods
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Glycine/analogs & derivatives
- Glycine/chemistry
- Mass Spectrometry/methods
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Proteomics/methods
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Skin/metabolism
- Skin/pathology
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxian Peng
- Center for Proteomics and Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, PR China.
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