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Yu M, Zheng L, Wang X, Wu M, Qi M, Fu W, Zhang Y. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of surf clams (Paphia undulate) infected with two strains of Vibrio spp. reveals the identity of key immune genes involved in host defense. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:988. [PMID: 31847806 PMCID: PMC6915886 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibrio spp. is the major infection-producing marine bacteria in commercially important bivalve Paphia undulata. The host resistance is the major determining factor for the development of pathogenesis. To explore defense mechanisms, researchers have focused primarily on the study of differential expression of individual or specific groups of host immune genes during pathogen-challenge. RESULTS We compared the expression profile in the surf clams infected with avirulent V. alginolyticus and virulent V. parahaemolyticus to mark the possible molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis. Comparison of the differentially expressed genes between the two groups of Vibrio-infected clams revealed that the number of down-regulate genes in V. parahaemolyticus injected clams (1433) were significantly higher than the other group (169). Based on Gene Ontology classification, a large proportion of these down-regulate genes were found to be associated with cellular and molecular mechanisms for pathogen recognition, and immunity development thereby explaining the low survival rate for the V. parahaemolyticus-treated clams and suggesting a higher virulence of this bacterium towards the surf clams. Quantitative real-time PCR of 24 candidate genes related to immunity involving the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, complementary cascade, cytokine signaling pathway, oxidative stress, phagocytosis and apoptosis down regulated under V. parahaemolyticus infection, indicating compromised host defense. Furthermore, we could demonstrate a central role of JAK-STAT pathway in bacterial clearance. dsRNA mediated depletion of a clam STAT homolog gene results in dramatic increase in the infection by V. alginolyticus, a mildly pathogenic strain under control conditions. CONCLUSIONS The difference in gene expression profiles in surf clams treated with two Vibrio species with a differential pathogenicity to P. undulate and downstream molecular analysis could enlighten on the probable molecular mechanisms of the Vibrio pathogenesis and the virulence of V. parahaemolyticus in surf clams, which also benefits to develop new strategies for disease control in surf calm aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Yu
- Department of Food Science, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, 528137, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Food Science, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, 528137, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Food Science, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, 528137, China
| | - Minfu Wu
- Department of Food Science, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, 528137, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Department of Food Science, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan, 528137, China
| | - Wandong Fu
- Zhejiang Marine Development Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, China. .,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100864, China.
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Liang Q, Ou M, Ren Y, Yao Z, Hu R, Li J, Liu Y, Wang W. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression analysis of S- adenosyl- L-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) during the pathogenic infection of Litopenaeus vannamei by Vibrio alginolyticus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:284-292. [PMID: 30849500 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
SAHH is an enzyme, playing a significant role in the catalyzation of the S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) into homocysteine (Hcy) and adenosine (Ado). However, little is known information of the enzyme in crustaceans. In the present study, SAHH cDNA was cloned from Litopenaeus vannamei (LvSAHH). The full length of the LvSAHH was found, containing a 5' UTR of 119 bp, an ORF of 1236 bp and a 3' UTR of 549 bp. The LvSAHH gene encoded a polypeptide of 411 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 45.55 kD and a predicted isoelectronic point (pI) of 5.63. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence showed that LvSAHH has high identity (70 %-82%) with other known species. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that LvSAHH mRNA was broadly expressed in all of the examined tissues, while the highest expression level was observed in muscle, followed by the expression in stomach, gill, pleopod, hepatopancreas, heart, eye and intestine. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that LvSAHH was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. LvSAHH mRNA expression levels in hepatopancreas and gill were significantly up-regulated from 6 to 48 h after V. alginolyticus injection and reached the highest level (15-fold and 8-fold, p < 0.01) at 24 h, respectively. Additionally, the Toll-like receptors (TLR) and interleukins-16 (IL-16) were detected in hepatopancreas and gill of LvSAHH-knockdown SAHH. LvRack1, LvToll1, LvToll2, LvToll3 and LvIL-16 transcripts were decreased significantly in LvSAHH-knockdown shrimp at 24 h post V. alginolyticus stimulation in hepatopancreas and gill. But LvToll3 was no significant difference in gill. In summary, these results indicated that LvSAHH may play a regulatory role in the invertebrate innate immune defense by regulating TLR and IL-16 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingJian Liang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - MuFei Ou
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - YingHao Ren
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - ZeNa Yao
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Rui Hu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - JieZhen Li
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China
| | - Weina Wang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, PR China.
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Liang Q, Wu X, Yang P, Kong J, Wei W, Qiao X, Liu Y, Wang W. The role of delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDh) in the Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during biotic and abiotic stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:1-11. [PMID: 30592983 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Proline (Pro) metabolism is intimately associated with stress adaptation. The catabolism of Pro includes two dehydrogenation reactions catalyzed by proline dehydrogenase (ProDH) and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase (P5CDh). P5CDh is a mitochondrial matrix NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase that is critical in preventing P5C-Pro intensive cycling and avoiding ROS production from electron run-off. Little is known about the roles of P5CDh in invertebrates, however. We cloned the P5CDh sequence in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and found that LvP5CDh is expressed predominantly in pleopod, hepatopancreas and gill. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that LvP5CDh protein was mainly found in the cytoplasm. In addition, overexpressing LvP5CDh in cells reduced ROS formation and inhibited apoptosis induced by LC50 Cd2+. Shrimp were exposed to various stress factors including infection with Vibrio alginolyticus, (½ LC50 and LC50) Cd2+, acid (pH 5.6) and alkali stress (pH 9.3). Both biotic and abiotic stress resulted in increased LvP5CDh expression and Pro accumulation; V. alginolyticus infection, pH 9.3 and LC50 Cd2+ stress apparently stimulated the Glu pathway of Pro synthesis, while pH 5.6 and ½ LC50 Cd2+ stress promoted the Orn pathway of Pro synthesis. Silencing of Lvp53 in shrimp attenuated LvP5CDh expression during Cd2+ stress, but had no effect on LvP5CDh mRNA levels if no Cd2+ stress was imposed. Our study contributes to the functional characterization of LvP5CDh in biotic and abiotic stress and reveals it to protect against ROS generation, damage to the cell, including the mitochondria, and apoptosis. Thus, LvP5CDh plays a critical role in immune defense and antioxidant responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- QingJian Liang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - XuJian Wu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Pan Yang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - JinRong Kong
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Xueli Qiao
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Weina Wang
- College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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Ruan Z, Wan Z, Yang L, Li W, Wang Q. JAK/STAT signalling regulates antimicrobial activities in Eriocheir sinensis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:491-501. [PMID: 30253180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signalling pathway plays a significant role in immune responses to pathogens. In invertebrates, three core components (Domeless, Hopscotch and STAT92E) of the JAK/STAT pathway were first identified in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study, we report the cloning and characterisation of DOME, JAK and STAT from Eriocheir sinensis. EsDOME, EsJAK and EsSTAT are 1299, 1110 and 794 amino acid proteins encoded by 4200, 3333 and 2385 bp open reading frames, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that all three share specific domains with corresponding functions. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that all three components were highly expressed in various tissues including the gill, hepatopancreas and hemocytes. Moreover, EsDOME, EsJAK and EsSTAT were upregulated significantly in hemocytes after bacterial challenge. In addition, the JAK/STAT signalling pathway positively regulates antimicrobial peptide expression during the antibacterial immune response. Thus, the JAK/STAT pathway plays a critical role in bacterial immune responses in E. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechao Ruan
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhicheng Wan
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun Wang
- Laboratory of Invertebrate Immunological Defense and Reproductive Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Gu MM, Kong JR, Peng T, Xie CY, Yang KY, Liu Y, Wang WN. Molecular characterization and function of the Prohibitin2 gene in Litopenaeus vannamei responses to Vibrio alginolyticus. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 67:177-188. [PMID: 27756688 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin2 (PHB2), a potential tumor suppressor protein, plays important roles in inhibition of cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis and the mitochondrial respiratory chain. To explore its potential roles in crustaceans' immune responses we have identified and characterized LvPHB2, a 891 bp gene encoding a 297 amino acids protein in the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Expression analyses showed that LvPHB2 is expressed in all examined tissues, and largely present in cytoplasm, correlating with its known anti-oxidation function in mitochondria. Luciferase reporter assays showed that over-expression of LvPHB2 could activate the p53 pathway, indicating that it might participate in apoptosis regulation. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that infection with Vibrio alginolyticus induces its up-regulation in hepatopancreas. Moreover, RNAi knock-down of LvPHB2 in vivo raises mortality rates of L. vannamei infected by V. alginolyticus, and affects expression of STAT3, Caspase3 and p53 genes. We found significantly higher reactive oxygen species production, DNA damage and apoptosis rates in LvPHB2-silenced shrimp challenged with V. alginolyticus than in controls injected with a Green Fluorescent Protein-silencing construct. Our results suggest that LvPHB2 plays a vital role in shrimp responses to V. alginolyticus infection through its participation in regulation of oxidants and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Rong Kong
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Kai-Yuan Yang
- Guangdong Experimental School, Guangzhou 510375, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Science in Guangdong Higher Education, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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