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Mahapatra S, Ganguly B, Pani S, Saha A, Samanta M. A comprehensive review on the dynamic role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in frontier aquaculture research and as a promising avenue for fish disease management. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126541. [PMID: 37648127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) represent a conserved group of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and play a crucial role in inducing the broadly acting innate immune response against pathogens. In recent years, the detection of 21 different TLR types in various fish species has sparked interest in exploring the potential of TLRs as targets for boosting immunity and disease resistance in fish. This comprehensive review offers the latest insights into the diverse facets of fish TLRs, highlighting their history, classification, architectural insights through 3D modelling, ligands recognition, signalling pathways, crosstalk, and expression patterns at various developmental stages. It provides an exhaustive account of the distinct TLRs induced during the invasion of specific pathogens in various fish species and delves into the disparities between fish TLRs and their mammalian counterparts, highlighting the specific contribution of TLRs to the immune response in fish. Although various facets of TLRs in some fish, shellfish, and molluscs have been described, the role of TLRs in several other aquatic organisms still remained as potential gaps. Overall, this article outlines frontier aquaculture research in advancing the knowledge of fish immune systems for the proper management of piscine maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti Mahapatra
- Immunology Laboratory, Fish Health Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India
| | - Bristy Ganguly
- Immunology Laboratory, Fish Health Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India
| | - Saswati Pani
- Immunology Laboratory, Fish Health Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India
| | - Ashis Saha
- Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Fish Nutrition and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India
| | - Mrinal Samanta
- Immunology Laboratory, Fish Health Management Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIFA), Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar 751002, Odisha, India.
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Cao M, Wang N, Yan X, Yang N, Fu Q, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Li C. Structures, evolutionary relationships and expression profiles of the tumour necrosis factor superfamily and their receptors in black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 132:104405. [PMID: 35364135 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Members of tumour necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF) and TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) have crucial roles in many important biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell death, development, survival, immunity, and various diseases. The human TNFSF consists of 19 ligands and 29 receptors. Compared with those in human, fish have most of the TNFSF and receptors that have been found in mammals, while some of the homologues are specific or lost in fish. Especially, no systematic report on the identification of TNFSF ligands and their receptors in S. schlegelii. Therefore, to investigate the characterization and molecular evolution of TNFSF and TNFRSF genes in Sebastes schlegelii, we performed a genome-wide survey and identified 14 TNFSFs and 24 TNFRSFs from S. schlegelii. In S. schlegelii, we found duplication events occurred in TNFSF2, TNFSF6, TNFSF10, TNFSF13, TNFSF14, TNFRSF5, TNFRSF6, TNFRSF6B, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF16, and TNFRSF19 genes. Among which, the tandem duplications events occurred in TNFSF13 and TNFRSF6, and the whole genome duplications events occurred in the remaining TNFSF and TNFRSF genes. Based on the molecular phylogenetic analysis, 14 TNFSFs were divided into three different clusters and 24 TNFRSFs were classed as three distinct subgroups, respectively. Meanwhile, protein domains and motifs analysis revealed that TNFSF contain homology domain (THD), and TNFRSF have typical cysteine-rich domains (CRDs). Synteny results indicates that the TNFSFs and TNFRSFs neighborhood genes have taken place great changes compared to those in human, fugu and zebrafish. Meanwhile, qRT-PCR results demonstrated that most TNFSFs and TNFSRSFs were significantly differentially expressed in gill, skin and intestine after E. tarda infection with time-dependent manners. In addition, protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis indicated that the most related genes connecting to TNFSF and TNFRSFs were TNFSF ligands and receptors. In summary, this study provided a new understanding for characterization and evolution of the TNFSF genes and their receptors in S. schlegelii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xu Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Antibacterial activity of supernatants of Lactoccocus lactis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus and curcumin against Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro study. Vet Res Commun 2022; 46:459-470. [PMID: 34997440 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Secretions of beneficial intestinal bacteria can inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of a wide range of microorganisms. Curcumin has shown broad spectrum antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential. It is important to evaluate the influence of these secretions with bioactive peptides, in combination with curcumin, to limit growth and inhibit biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria of importance in aquaculture. In the present study, the supernatants of Lactoccocus lactis NZ9000, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Pediococcus pentosaceus NCDO 990, and curcumin (0,1,10,25 and 50 μM) were used to evaluate their efficacy in growth, inhibition biofilm and membrane permeability of Aeromonas hydrophila CAIM 347 (A. hydrophila). The supernatants of probiotics and curcumin 1,10 and 25 μM exerted similar effects in reducing the growth of A. hydrophila at 12 h of interaction. The supernatants of the probiotics and curcumin 25 and 50 μM exerted similar effects in reducing the biofilm of A. hydrophila. There is a significant increase in the membrane permeability of A. hydrophila in interaction with 50 μM curcumin at two hours of incubation and with the supernatants separately in the same period. Different modes of action of curcumin and bacteriocins separately were demonstrated as effective substitutes for antibiotics in containing A. hydrophila and avoiding the application of antibiotics. The techniques implemented in this study provide evidence that there is no synergy between treatments at the selected concentrations and times.
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Zhang J, Li Y, Wu X, Zhong R, Wei J, Wang Z, Zhang X. Molecular structure, expression, and function analysis of BAFF gene in Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2021; 47:225-238. [PMID: 33405065 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
B cell activating factor (BAFF), belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily (TNFSF), is a critical cytokine for B cell survival and immunoglobulin secretion. Here, the BAFF gene of Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) (MaBAFF) was cloned using RT-PCR and RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA end) techniques. The open reading frame (ORF) of MaBAFF encodes a 272-amino acid protein containing a transmembrane domain, a TNF family signature, and a putative furin protease cleavage site as seen in BAFFs from other species. Tissue expression profiles of MaBAFF determined by absolute and relative quantification of real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that MaBAFF is widely distributed in various tissues, with the highest expression in spleen. MaBAFF can be detected during fertilized egg period by RT-PCR. Upon induction by A. hydrophila, the expression of MaBAFF was up-regulated in spleen from 48 to 72 h, and the expression of BAFF and IgM all reached a peak at 48 h in head kidney. The soluble BAFF gene (MasBAFF) had been cloned into pET30a. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis confirmed that the His-MasBAFF was efficiently expressed in Escherichia coli Rosset (DE3). CCK-8 assay indicated that the MasBAFF recombinant protein (200 ng/ml) could prolong the survival of peripheral blood leukocytes. Based on ELISA screening and Western blotting, monoclonal antibody 1-F2A3 against recombinant MasBAFF was selected and used for immunohistochemistry, which showed that BAFF-positive cells were detected in spleen and head kidney. Our results raise the possibility that MaBAFF may be useful to enhance immune efficacy in Chinese sucker disease defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Zhang
- Key laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, No. 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yujin Li
- Key laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, No. 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Key laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, No. 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ruonan Zhong
- Key laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, No. 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Key laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Key laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Key laboratory of Eco-environment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, No. 1 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Möckel T, Basta F, Weinmann-Menke J, Schwarting A. B cell activating factor (BAFF): Structure, functions, autoimmunity and clinical implications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Autoimmun Rev 2020; 20:102736. [PMID: 33333233 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The B cell activating factor (BAFF), or B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), is a B cell survival factor which supports autoreactive B cells and prevents their deletion. BAFF expression is closely linked with autoimmunity and is enhanced by genetic alterations and viral infections. Furthermore, BAFF seems to be involved in adipogenesis, atherosclerosis, neuro-inflammatory processes and ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. BAFF is commonly overexpressed in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and strongly involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. The relationship between BAFF levels, disease activity and damage accrual in SLE is controversial, but growing evidence is emerging on its role in renal involvement. Belimumab, a biologic BAFF inhibitor, has been the first biologic agent licensed for SLE therapy so far. As Rituximab (RTX) has been shown to increase BAFF levels following B cell depletion, the combination therapy of RTX plus belimumab (being evaluated in two RCT) seems to be a valuable option for several clinical scenarios. In this review we will highlight the growing body of evidence of immune and non-immune related BAFF expression in experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Möckel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Fabio Basta
- Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatinate, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatinate, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
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Madhuranga W, Tharuka MN, Yang H, Lim C, Wan Q, Bathige S, Lee J. Molecular expression analysis and characterization of rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) B cell activating factor. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 250:110480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Fish TNF and TNF receptors. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 64:196-220. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-020-1712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Wu W, Li L, Liu Y, Huang T, Liang W, Chen M. Multiomics analyses reveal that NOD-like signaling pathway plays an important role against Streptococcus agalactiae in the spleen of tilapia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 95:336-348. [PMID: 31586680 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus aglactiae(GBS) infection in tilapia is a serious global disease that causes significant production loss. Here, we studied the role of GBS in the spleen and the spleen's response against the pathogen through dual RNA-seq and proteome technology. Animals were divided into three groups: control, virulent treated (HN016), and attenuated treated (YM001). Spleen samples were collected and analysis when a disease outbreak. Dual RNA-seq result showed the virulence factor genes of GBS, included CAMP factor, PGK, OCT, enolase, scpB, Sip, bca, were upregulation. downregulation of GapA, cylE, OCT, scpB, C5AP, rlmB, hly, FBP, in HN016 and YM001. But for proteomic, OCT and bca were downregulation, the others were upregulation. For host transcriptome KEGG analysis showed, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (NLRs) and TOLL-like receptor signaling pathway (TLRs) were upreguoation in HN016 infected fish than the control fish; But for proteome KEGG, only the NLRS was up, the TLRS was not change. Compared with YM001 infected fishes, for transcriptome, NLRs and TLRs in infected HN016 fishes were significance rise (p < 0.01); for proteome, the NLRs was up (p < 0.05), but TLRs was no change.Analysis of pathogen-host interaction showed that the peptidoglycan (PNG), CD2, LCK, and host's Zap70 were involved in the regulation of NLRs; PNG, LCK, and ZAP70 were involved in the regulation of TRLs. Conclusion: the virulent strain HN016 and attenuated strainYM001 differed in the quantity of virulence factors. In tilapia's innate immune system, NLRs was the main defense factors, but bacteria avoided the host defense through TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wende Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China
| | - Liping Li
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, PR China
| | - Yu Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, PR China
| | - Ting Huang
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, PR China
| | - Wanwen Liang
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Animal Science and Technology College of Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, PR China; Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530005, PR China.
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Tian S, Huang P, Gu Y, Yang J, Wu R, Zhao J, Liu AJ, Zhang W. Systems Biology Analysis of the Effect and Mechanism of Qi-Jing-Sheng-Bai Granule on Leucopenia in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:408. [PMID: 31105563 PMCID: PMC6494967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Qi-Jing-Sheng-Bai granule (QJSB) is a newly developed traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula. Clinically, it has been used for the treatment of leucopenia. However, its pharmacological mechanism needs more investigation. In this study, we firstly tested the effects of QJSB on leucopenia using mice induced by cyclophosphamide. Our results suggested that QJSB significantly raised the number of peripheral white blood cells, platelets and nucleated bone marrow cells. Additionally, it markedly enhanced the cell viability and promoted the colony formation of bone marrow mononuclear cells. Furthermore, it reversed the serum cytokines IL-6 and G-CSF disorders. Then, using transcriptomics datasets and metabonomic datasets, we integrated transcriptomics-based network pharmacology and metabolomics technologies to investigate the mechanism of action of QJSB. We found that QJSB regulated a series of biological processes such as hematopoietic cell lineage, homeostasis of number of cells, lymphocyte differentiation, metabolic processes (including lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism), B cell receptor signaling pathway, T cell activation and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. In a summary, QJSB has protective effects to leucopenia in mice probably through accelerating cell proliferation and differentiation, regulating metabolism response pathways and modulating immunologic function at a system level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Tian
- School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengli Huang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Yang
- School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Jun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Complex Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Tafalla C, Granja AG. Novel Insights on the Regulation of B Cell Functionality by Members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily in Jawed Fish. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1285. [PMID: 29930556 PMCID: PMC6001812 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Most ligands and receptors from the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily play very important roles in the immune system. In particular, many of these molecules are essential in the regulation of B cell biology and B cell-mediated immune responses. Hence, in mammals, it is known that many TNF family members play a key role on B cell development, maturation, homeostasis, activation, and differentiation, also influencing the ability of B cells to present antigens or act as regulators of immune responses. Evolutionarily, jawed fish (including cartilaginous and bony fish) constitute the first animal group in which an adaptive immune response based on B cells and immunoglobulins is present. However, until recently, not much was known about the expression of TNF ligands and receptors in these species. The sequences of many members of the TNF superfamily have been recently identified in different species of jawed fish, thus allowing posterior analysis on the role that these ligands and receptors have on B cell functionality. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the impact that the TNF family members have in different aspects of B cell functionality in fish, also providing an in depth comparison with functional aspects of TNF members in mammals, that will permit a further understanding of how B cell functionality is regulated in these distant animal groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Bailey C, Segner H, Wahli T. What goes around comes around: an investigation of resistance to proliferative kidney disease in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) following experimental re-exposure. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:1599-1612. [PMID: 28429822 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss surviving proliferative kidney disease (PKD) are reported not to develop the disease upon re-exposure. However, the mechanisms involved in the immune response to re-exposure are unknown. We examined disease susceptibility and the immune response of naive 1+ rainbow trout when first exposed to Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in comparison with that of 1+ rainbow trout re-exposed to T. bryosalmonae. PKD pathogenesis, parasite burden and transcriptional signatures of the host immune response were assessed at 10, 25 and 40 d.p.e (days post-exposure). In addition, we evaluated the presence of IgM+ B cells in the blood and the posterior kidney. The exposure of 1+ rainbow trout to T. bryosalmonae for the first time resulted in 100% infection prevalence, high parasite burdens and severe clinical PKD, while re-exposed fish were either able to avoid reinfection completely or mount an earlier and more efficient adaptive-type immune response. This response was characterized by a greater amount of IgM+ B cells in the blood and elevated mRNA levels of secretory IgM in the posterior kidney which minimized pathogen burden and kidney inflammation. Our findings suggest that rainbow trout is able to develop immune protection against T. bryosalmonae.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bailey
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - H Segner
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - T Wahli
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
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Characterization of BAFF and APRIL subfamily receptors in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Potential role of the BAFF / APRIL axis in the pathogenesis of proliferative kidney disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174249. [PMID: 28323891 PMCID: PMC5360319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is a parasitic infection of salmonid fish characterized by hyper-secretion of immunoglobulins in response to the presence of the myxozoan parasite, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae. In this context, we hypothesized that the BAFF/APRIL axis, known to play a major role in B cell differentiation and survival in mammals, could be affected by the parasite and consequently be involved in the apparent shift in normal B cell activity. To regulate B cell activity, BAFF and APRIL bind to transmembrane activator and calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) and B cell maturation antigen (BCMA), whereas BAFF also binds to BAFF receptor (BAFF-R). In teleost fish, although some BAFF and APRIL sequences have been reported, their receptors have not been identified. Thus, as a first step in the current work, we have identified homologues to mammalian TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), that constitute the first report of BAFF and APRIL receptor sequences in fish. Subsequently we studied the transcriptional modulation of BAFF, APRIL, and the fish-specific related cytokine, BALM and their putative receptors in fish naturally exposed to T. bryosalmonae. Finally, to gain further insights on the functional role that these cytokines play during the course of PKD, we have studied their effect on the survival of kidney IgM+ B cells and on immunoglobulin transcription. Our results support the premise that the BAFF / APRIL axis could play an important role during PKD, which may open the possibility of new therapeutic treatments against the disease.
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Tafalla C, González L, Castro R, Granja AG. B Cell-Activating Factor Regulates Different Aspects of B Cell Functionality and Is Produced by a Subset of Splenic B Cells in Teleost Fish. Front Immunol 2017; 8:295. [PMID: 28360916 PMCID: PMC5350146 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, B cell functionality is greatly influenced by cytokines released by innate cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells, upon the early recognition of common pathogen patterns through invariant receptors. B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is one of these innate B cell-helper signals and plays a key role in the survival and differentiation of B cells. Although, evolutionarily, teleost fish constitute the first animal group in which adaptive immunity based on Ig receptors is present, fish still rely greatly on innate responses. In this context, we hypothesized that BAFF would play a key role in the control of B cell responses in fish. Supporting this, our results show that teleost BAFF recapitulates mammalian BAFF stimulating actions on B cells, upregulating the expression of membrane MHC II, improving the survival of fish naïve B cells and antibody-secreting cells, and increasing the secretion of IgM. Surprisingly, we also demonstrate that BAFF is not only produced in fish by myeloid cells but is also produced by a subset of splenic B cells. Thus, if this B cell-produced BAFF proves to be actively regulating this same B cell subset, our findings point to an ancient mechanism to control B cell differentiation and survival in lower vertebrates, which has been silenced in mammals in physiological conditions, but reemerges under pathological conditions, such as B cell lymphomas and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Tafalla
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Pathology, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Lucia González
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Pathology, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Rosario Castro
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Pathology, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Aitor G Granja
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Pathology, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA) , Madrid , Spain
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Zhu J, Fu Q, Ao Q, Tan Y, Luo Y, Jiang H, Li C, Gan X. Transcriptomic profiling analysis of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following Streptococcus agalactiae challenge. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 62:202-212. [PMID: 28111359 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Innate immune system is the primary defense mechanism against pathogen infection in teleost, which are living in pathogen-rich aquatic environment. It has been long hypothesized that the disease resistance in teleost are strongly correlated to the activities of innate immune genes. Tilapia is an important economical fish around the world, especially in China, where the production accounts for nearly half of the global production. Recently, S. agalactiae has become one of the most serious bacterial diseases in southern China, resulted in high cumulative mortality and economic loss to tilapia industry. Therefore, we sought here to characterize the expression profiles of tilapia against S. agalactiae infection at whole transcriptome level by RNA-seq technology. A total of 2822 genes were revealed significantly expressed in tilapia spleen with a general trend of induction. Notably, most of the genes were rapidly the most induced at the early timepoint. The significantly changed genes highlighted the function of pathogen attachment and recognition, antioxidant/apoptosis, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and immune activation. Collectively, the induced expression patterns suggested the strong ability of tilapia to rapidly recognize the invasive bacteria, and activation of downstream immune signaling pathways to clear the bacteria and prevent the tissue damage and bacteria triggered cell apoptosis. Our results heighted important roles of novel candidate genes which were often missed in previous tilapia studies. Further studies are needed to characterize the molecular relationships between key immune genes and disease resistance, and to identify the candidate genes for molecular-assistant selection of disease-resistant broodstock and evaluation of disease prevention and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Zhu
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Lab of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China; Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Qiuwei Ao
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Lab of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yun Tan
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Lab of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yongju Luo
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Lab of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | | | - Chao Li
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Xi Gan
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangxi Key Lab of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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