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He H, Cai T, Chen Q, Chen Z, Zhang B, Chen C, Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Luo Y, Huang S, Luo J, Guo X. TRIM44 Promotes Rabies Virus Replication by Autophagy-Dependent Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4616. [PMID: 38731834 PMCID: PMC11083291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a multifunctional E3 ubiquitin ligase family that participates in various cellular processes. Recent studies have shown that TRIM proteins play important roles in regulating host-virus interactions through specific pathways, but their involvement in response to rabies virus (RABV) infection remains poorly understood. Here, we identified that several TRIM proteins are upregulated in mouse neuroblastoma cells (NA) after infection with the rabies virus using RNA-seq sequencing. Among them, TRIM44 was found to regulate RABV replication. This is supported by the observations that downregulation of TRIM44 inhibits RABV replication, while overexpression of TRIM44 promotes RABV replication. Mechanistically, TRIM44-induced RABV replication is brought about by activating autophagy, as inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA attenuates TRIM44-induced RABV replication. Additionally, we found that inhibition of autophagy with rapamycin reverses the TRIM44-knockdown-induced decrease in LC3B expression and autophagosome formation as well as RABV replication. The results suggest that TRIM44 promotes RABV replication by an autophagy-dependent mechanism. Our work identifies TRIM44 as a key host factor for RABV replication, and targeting TRIM44 expression may represent an effective therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ting Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qiaozhu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zilian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Boyue Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Changyi Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yueze Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yueming Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongwen Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China; (H.H.); (T.C.); (Q.C.); (Z.C.); (B.Z.); (C.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.L.)
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Zheng J, Yang J, Zhang Z, Liang X, Liu S, Pan Y, Wei J, Huang Y, Huang X, Qin Q. An improved oral vaccine with molecular adjuvant β-defensin protects grouper against nervous necrosis virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108709. [PMID: 36972841 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is one of the most important fish viral pathogens infecting more than 120 fish species worldwide. Due to the mass mortality rates often seen among larvae and juveniles, few effective vaccines against NNV were developed up to now. Here, the protective effect of recombinant coat protein (CP) from red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) fused with grouper β-defensin (DEFB) as an oral vaccine was evaluated using Artemia as a biocarrier delivery system in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀). Feeding with Artemia encapsulated with E. coli expressing control vector (control group), CP, or CP-DEFB showed no obvious side effects on the growth of groupers. ELISA and antibody neutralization assay showed that CP-DEFB oral vaccination group induced higher anti-RGNNV CP specific antibodies and exhibited higher neutralization potency than the CP and control group. Meanwhile, the expression levels of several immune and inflammatory factors in the spleen and kidney after feeding with CP-DEFB were also significantly increased compared with the CP group. Consistently, after challenge with RGNNV, groupers fed CP-DEFB and CP exhibited 100% and 88.23% relative percentage survival (RPS), respectively. Moreover, the lower transcription levels of viral genes and milder pathological changes in CP-DEFB group were detected compared with the CP and control group. Thus, we proposed that grouper β-defensin functioned as an efficient molecular adjuvant for an improved oral vaccine against nervous necrosis virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Yang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zemiao Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Liang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Pan
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingguang Wei
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China; Fishery Institute of South China Agricultural University, Nansha, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang L, Zhang L, Huo HJ, Hou J, Niu MM, Nie P, Chen SN. FTR33, a member of fish-specific TRIM (finTRIM) subfamily, regulates negatively type I IFN antiviral immunity in zebrafish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:104671. [PMID: 36801427 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, the tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have been identified as critical factors involved in various cellular processes, including antiviral immunity. In teleost fish, a subfamily of fish-specific TRIM (finTRIM, FTR) has emerged in genus- or species-specific duplication. In this study, a finTRIM gene, called ftr33, was identified in zebrafish (Danio rerio), and phylogenic analysis revealed that FTR33 is closely related with zebrafish FTR14. The FTR33 protein contains all conservative domains reported in other finTRIMs. The ftr33 has a constitutive expression in embryos and in tissues/organs of adult fish, and its expression can be induced following spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection and interferon (IFN) stimulation. The overexpression of FTR33 significantly downregulated the expression of type I IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) both in vitro and in vivo, respectively, leading to the increased replication of SVCV. It was also found that FTR33 interacted with melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) or mitochondrial anti-viral signaling protein (MAVS) to weaken the promoter activity of type I IFN. It is thus concluded that the FTR33, as an ISG, in zebrafish can negatively regulate IFN-mediated antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, And Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530001, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wudayuan First Road 8, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430223, China
| | - Hui Jun Huo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Jing Hou
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China
| | - Meng Meng Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, And Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China
| | - Pin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, And Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China; School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, China.
| | - Shan Nan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, And Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China.
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Niu Y, Fu X, Lin Q, Liang H, Luo X, Zuo S, Liu L, Li N. The composition and antiviral activity of scTRIM59 in Mandarin fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:86-92. [PMID: 36055555 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins play critical roles in viral infection by modulating innate immunity. However, the molecular and antiviral activity of TRIM59 in mandrain fish is not fully understood. In present study, we cloned and sequenced the TRIM59 core sequence and explored its characteristics in Mandarin fish. The Siniperca chuatsi TRIM59 (scTRIM59) showed relatively high expression in immune-related organs. scTRIM59 expression was significantly down-regulated post ISKNV infection in vivo and vitro, but up-regulated at the early stages of SCRV infection in CPB cells. The overexpression of scTRIM59 inhibited ISKNV and SCRV infection, but decreased the expression of IRF3/IRF7-mediated signal genes. However, knockdown of scTRIM59 promoted the ISKNV and SCRV infection, but increased the expression of IRF3/IRF7-mediated signal genes. Those results indicated that scTRIM59 negatively regulated ISKNV, SCRV infection and IRF3/IRF7-mediated signal genes. This study provided new ideas about the function of scTRIM59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Niu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Hongru Liang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Shaozhi Zuo
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Ningqiu Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
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Zhi L, Wang W, Zheng J, Liu S, Zhou S, Qin Q, Huang Y, Huang X. Grouper TRIM23 exerts antiviral activity against iridovirus and nodavirus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:985291. [PMID: 36203610 PMCID: PMC9531863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.985291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM (tripartite motif) proteins have been demonstrated to exert critical roles in host defense against different microbial pathogens. Among them, TRIM23 acts as an important regulatory factor in antiviral immune and inflammatory responses, but the roles of fish TRIM23 against virus infection still remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the characteristics of TRIM23 homolog from orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) (EcTRIM23). EcTRIM23 encoded a 580 amino acid peptide, which shared 93.1%, 89.73% and 86.36% identity with golden perch (Perca flavescens), zebrafish (Danio rerio) and human (Homo sapiens), respectively. The transcription levels of EcTRIM23 were significantly up-regulated in response to Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection. EcTRIM23 overexpression in vitro significantly inhibited RGNNV and SGIV replication, evidenced by the delayed cytopathic effect (CPE) progression and the decreased expression of viral core genes. EcTRIM23 significantly increased the expression levels of interferon (IFN) related signaling molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as the promoter activities of IFN and NF-κB, suggesting that EcTRIM23 exerted antiviral function by positively regulating host IFN response. Exogenous EcTRIM23 exhibited either diffuse or aggregated localization in grouper cells. After co-transfection, TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) 3 and TRAF4, TRAF5 and TRAF6 were found to interact with EcTRIM23 in grouper cells. Moreover, these proteins could be recruited and co-localized with EcTRIM23 in vitro. Together, our results demonstrated that fish TRIM23 exerted antiviral activity against fish viruses by interacting with multiple host proteins to regulate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyong Zhi
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanxing Liu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohong Huang, ; Youhua Huang,
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohong Huang, ; Youhua Huang,
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Zheng J, Zhi L, Wang W, Ni N, Huang Y, Qin Q, Huang X. Fish TRIM21 exhibits antiviral activity against grouper iridovirus and nodavirus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 127:956-964. [PMID: 35764286 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidences have demonstrated that multiple TRIM (tripartite motif) proteins exert critical roles in host defense against different microbial pathogens. Although mammalian TRIM21 has been reported to function as an important regulatory factor in antiviral immune and inflammatory response, the role of fish TRIM21 against virus infection still remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of TRIM21 gene (EcTRIM21) from orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). The full-length EcTRIM21 cDNA encoded a 557 amino acid peptide with 92.1% and 31.14% identity with giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) and human (Homo sapiens), respectively. EcTRIM21 contained four conserved domains, including RING, B-Box, PRY and SPRY domain. EcTRIM21 expression was significantly up-regulated in response to Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) and red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infection, suggesting that EcTRIM21 might be involved in host defense against fish virus infections. Subcellular localization showed that EcTRIM21 were distributed in the cytoplasm in a punctate manner. Overexpression of EcTRIM21 in vitro significantly inhibited RGNNV and SGIV replication, as evidenced by the decreased severity of cytopathic effect (CPE) and the reduced expression levels of viral core genes. Consistently, knockdown of EcTRIM21 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) promoted the replication of RGNNV and SGIV in vitro. Furthermore, EcTRIM21 overexpression increased both interferon (IFN) and interferon stimulated response element (ISRE) promoter activities. In addition, the transcription levels of IFN signaling related molecules were positively regulated by EcTRIM21 overexpression. Together, our data demonstrated that fish TRIM21 exerted antiviral activity against fish viruses through positive regulation of host interferon response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Linyong Zhi
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Na Ni
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510642, China; University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhang XZ, Li FH, Wang XJ. Regulation of Tripartite Motif-Containing Proteins on Immune Response and Viral Evasion. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:794882. [PMID: 34925304 PMCID: PMC8671828 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.794882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing proteins (TRIMs), exhibiting ubiquitin E3 ligase activity, are involved in regulation of not only autophagy and apoptosis but also pyrotosis and antiviral immune responses of host cells. TRIMs play important roles in modulating signaling pathways of antiviral immune responses via type I interferon, NF-κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT), and Nrf2. However, viruses are able to antagonize TRIM activity or evenly utilize TRIMs for viral replication. This communication presents the current understanding of TRIMs exploited by viruses to evade host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Zhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fu-Huang Li
- Beijing General Station of Animal Husbandry Service (South Section), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Chang MX. The negative regulation of retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway in fish. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:104038. [PMID: 33548290 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
At each stage of innate immune response, there are stimulatory and inhibitory signals that modulate the strength and character of the response. RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in antiviral innate immune response. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms that viral infection leads to the activation of RLRs-mediated downstream signaling cascades and the production of type I interferons (IFNs). However, antiviral immune responses must be tightly regulated in order to prevent detrimental type I IFNs production. Previous reviews have highlighted negative regulation of RLR signaling pathway, which mainly target to directly regulate RIG-I, MDA5, MAVS and TBK1 function in mammals. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of negative regulators of RLR signaling pathway in teleost, with specific focus on piscine and viral regulatory mechanisms that directly or indirectly inhibit the function of RIG-I, MDA5, LGP2, MAVS, TRAF3, TBK1, IRF3 and IRF7 both in the steady state or upon viral infection. We also further discuss important directions for future studies, especially for non-coding RNAs and post-translational modifications via fish specific TRIM proteins. The knowledge of negative regulators of RLR signaling pathway in teleost will shed new light on the critical information for potential therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430072, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Huo S, Dou D. Circ_0056285 Regulates Proliferation, Apoptosis and Glycolysis of Osteosarcoma Cells via miR-1244/TRIM44 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:1257-1270. [PMID: 33603471 PMCID: PMC7882461 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s290645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone cancer that occurs in adolescents and children. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators of tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular basis of circ_0056285 in OS. Methods The levels of circ_0056285, miR-1244 and tripartite motif containing 44 (TRIM44) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot assay. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and caspase 3and caspase 9 activity assay kits. Glucose uptake, lactate product and ATP level were examined using commercial kits. Hexokinase II (HK2) and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) levels were measured by Western blot assay. The interaction among circ_0056285, miR-1244 and TRIM44 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay or RNA pull-down assay. Xenograft experiment was conducted to explore tumor growth in vivo. Exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and Western blot. The diagnostic value of exosomal circ_0056285 was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Circ_0056285 and TRIM44 were up-regulated, and miR-1244 was down-regulated in OS tissues and cells. Circ_0056285 silencing inhibited proliferation and glycolysis and promoted apoptosis in OS cells. Also, circ_0056285 knockdown hindered proliferation and accelerated apoptosis in OS cells by regulating miR-1244/TRIM44 axis. Circ_0056285 depletion impeded tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, ROC curve showed that circ_0056285 might be a diagnostic biomarker in OS. Conclusion Circ_0056285 facilitated OS progression by sponging miR-1244 and increasing TRIM44 expression, providing a promising therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shousong Huo
- Department of Orthopaedic, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Dou
- Institute of Chronic Disease Risk Assessment, Henan University, Jinming Campus, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, People's Republic of China
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10
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Li YL, Zhao X, Gong XY, Dan C, Gui JF, Zhang YB. Molecular identification and function characterization of four finTRIM genes from the immortal fish cell line, EPC. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 113:103775. [PMID: 32735960 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In mammals, tripartite motif (TRIM)-containing proteins are involved in interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response as pivotal players endowed with antiviral effects and modulatory capacity. Teleost fish have a unique subfamily of TRIM, called finTRIM (fish novel TRIM, FTR) generated by genus- or species-specific duplication of TRIM genes. Herein, four TRIM genes are identified from Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells, and phylogenetically close to the members of finTRIM, thus named FTREPC1, FTREPC2, FTREPC3 and FTREPC4. Despite high similarity in nucleotide sequence, FTREPC1/2 genes encode two proteins with a typically consecutive tripartite motif followed by a C-terminal B30.2 domain, while FTREPC3/4-encoding proteins retain only a RING domain due to early termination of translation. They are induced by poly(I:C), GCRV and SVCV as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), and this induction is severely impaired by blockade of STAT1 pathway and is dependent on a typical ISRE motif within the 5' untranslated regions (5'UTRs) of FTREPC1/2/3/4 genes. Whereas overexpression of FTREPC1/2/3/4 alone does not activate fish IFN promoters, overexpression of FTREPC1 or FTREPC2, rather than FTREPC3 and FTREPC4, significantly impairs intracellular poly(I:C)-triggered activation of fish IFN promoters. Consistently, FTREPC1/2 promote virus replication through negatively regulating IFN response. Our results provide evidence for the involvement of EPC finTRIM proteins in IFN antiviral response and insights into genus- or species-specific regulation of fish innate immune pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Cheng Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China; The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yi-Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10049, China; The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Zhang R, Dai X, Cao X, Zhang C, Wang K, Huang X, Ren Q. Trim23 promotes WSSV replication though negative regulation of antimicrobial peptides expression in Macrobrachium nipponense. Mol Immunol 2020; 124:172-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Liu C, Zheng J, Qin Q, Huang X. Autophagy Participates in Lysosomal Vacuolation-Mediated Cell Death in RGNNV-Infected Cells. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:790. [PMID: 32425913 PMCID: PMC7212415 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is the etiological agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN), also known as viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), which results in heavy economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. Dramatic cytoplasmic vacuoles were observed during NNV infection both in vitro and in vivo; however, the origin and mechanism of cytoplasmic vacuolization remains unknown. In this report, we found that the cytoplasmic vacuole morphology became fused and enlarged during infection with red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), which was accompanied by increased cell death. Notably, Lyso-Tracker, but not Mito-Tracker or ER-Tracker, was accumulated in the vacuoles, and abnormal lysosome swelling was observed in RGNNV-infected cells, suggesting that the cytoplasmic vacuoles originated from lysosomal organelles. Cytoplasmic vacuolization and cell death in RGNNV-infected cells was completely blocked by the vacuolar H+-ATPase inhibitor (bafilomycin A1), and was significantly weakened by chloroquine (CQ), a lysosomotropic agent that induces the acidification of the lysosomes. This suggests that lysosome acidification was essential for vacuole formation. Significant inhibitory effects on vacuolization and cell death were also observed in the RGNNV-infected cells following treatment with nigericin and monensin (ionophores that uncouple the proton gradient present in lysosomes). This indicated that lysosome function was tightly associated with RGNNV infection-induced cell death. In addition, vacuoles were found to be partially co-localized with GFP-LC3II punctate dots during RGNNV infection. Moreover, the severity of vacuolization and cell death were both significantly decreased after treatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, suggesting that autophagy was involved in lysosomal vacuolization and cell death evoked by RGNNV infection. Thus, our results demonstrate that autophagy participates in lysosomal vacuolation-mediated cell death during RGNNV infection, and provides new insight into our understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying nodavirus pathogenesis in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zetian Liu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanhe Liu
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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