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Luján-Amoraga L, Delgado-Martín B, Lourenço-Marques C, Gavaia PJ, Bravo J, Bandarra NM, Dominguez D, Izquierdo MS, Pousão-Ferreira P, Ribeiro L. Exploring Omega-3's Impact on the Expression of Bone-Related Genes in Meagre ( Argyrosomus regius). Biomolecules 2023; 14:56. [PMID: 38254657 PMCID: PMC10813611 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with Omega-3 fatty acids seems to promote skeletal health. Therefore, their consumption at imbalanced or excessive levels has offered less beneficial or even prejudicial effects. Fish produced in aquaculture regimes are prone to develop abnormal skeletons. Although larval cultures are usually fed with diets supplemented with Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), the lack of knowledge about the optimal requirements for fatty acids or about their impact on mechanisms that regulate skeletal development has impeded the design of diets that could improve bone formation during larval stages when the majority of skeletal anomalies appear. In this study, Argyrosomus regius larvae were fed different levels of Omega-3s (2.6% and 3.6% DW on diet) compared to a commercial diet. At 28 days after hatching (DAH), their transcriptomes were analyzed to study the modulation exerted in gene expression dynamics during larval development and identify impacted genes that can contribute to skeletal formation. Mainly, both levels of supplementation modulated bone-cell proliferation, the synthesis of bone components such as the extracellular matrix, and molecules involved in the interaction and signaling between bone components or in important cellular processes. The 2.6% level impacted several genes related to cartilage development, denoting a special impact on endochondral ossification, delaying this process. However, the 3.6% level seemed to accelerate this process by enhancing skeletal development. These results offered important insights into the impact of dietary Omega-3 LC-PUFAs on genes involved in the main molecular mechanism and cellular processes involved in skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Luján-Amoraga
- Aquaculture Research Station (EPPO), Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA), 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (L.L.-A.); (C.L.-M.); (P.P.-F.)
| | - Belén Delgado-Martín
- Department of Microbiology and Crop Protection, Institute of Subtropical and Mediterranean Horticulture (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), 29010 Malaga, Spain;
| | - Cátia Lourenço-Marques
- Aquaculture Research Station (EPPO), Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA), 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (L.L.-A.); (C.L.-M.); (P.P.-F.)
- Collaborative Laboratory on Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture (S2AQUACOLAB) Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve (UALG), 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Jimena Bravo
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (J.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Narcisa M. Bandarra
- Division of Aquaculture, Upgrading, and Bioprospection (DivAV), Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA, IP), Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 7, 1495-006 Lisbon, Portugal;
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - David Dominguez
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (J.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Marisol S. Izquierdo
- Aquaculture Research Group (GIA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Spain; (J.B.); (D.D.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Aquaculture Research Station (EPPO), Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA), 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (L.L.-A.); (C.L.-M.); (P.P.-F.)
- Collaborative Laboratory on Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture (S2AQUACOLAB) Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Laura Ribeiro
- Aquaculture Research Station (EPPO), Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere (IPMA), 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (L.L.-A.); (C.L.-M.); (P.P.-F.)
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Transcriptome Reveals the Effects of Early Weaning on Lipid Metabolism and Liver Health of Yangtze Sturgeon ( Acipenser dabryanus). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810866. [PMID: 36142779 PMCID: PMC9504784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) has recently been declared extinct in the wild, and artificial breeding is the only means to protect its germplasm resources, but it has difficulty in weaning (from live prey to artificial food). In this study, we first performed a histological observation, enzyme-activity determination, and transcriptome sequencing on the livers of juvenile Yangtze sturgeons, and we then cloned five critical genes of lipid metabolism according to the transcriptome-sequencing results. We designed a weaning experiment to analyze their expression levels during weaning. The results showed that the density of hepatocytes and the transaminase activity of the juveniles failed to wean. The differentially expressed genes were enriched significantly in the pathways involving steroid synthesis, amino acid metabolism, and pancreatic secretion. It was found that the mRNA level of the fatty acid-synthesis gene decreased, and the mRNA level of the lipolysis gene increased significantly during weaning. The results of this research indicated that weaning could affect the liver health of Yangtze sturgeon, and it could affect the liver lipid metabolism by inhibiting fatty acid synthesis and promoting lipolysis. This study enhances our understanding of the impact of weaning on the lipid metabolism in fish.
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Monteiro M, Perdiguero P, Couto A, Serra CR, Pereiro P, Novoa B, Figueras A, Ribeiro L, Pousão-Ferreira P, Tafalla C, Oliva-Teles A, Enes P, Secombes CJ, Díaz-Rosales P. Comprehensive transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of the meagre (Argyrosomus regius) immune system. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:506-520. [PMID: 35351613 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) belongs to the family Sciaenidae and is a promising candidate for Mediterranean aquaculture diversification. As a relatively recent species in aquaculture, the physiological consequences of the immune system activation in meagre are understudied. Spleen, as a primary lymphoid organ has an essential role in meagre immune and inflammatory responses. In this study, we have evaluated the in vivo effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the spleen transcriptome of meagre by RNA-seq analysis at 4 and 24 h after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Monteiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - P Perdiguero
- Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad universitaria s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Couto
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - C R Serra
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Pereiro
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Inmunología y Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas (IIM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - L Ribeiro
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere / EPPO - Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s/n 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - P Pousão-Ferreira
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere / EPPO - Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa, s/n 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - C Tafalla
- Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Oliva-Teles
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - P Enes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - C J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, AB24 2TZ Aberdeen, UK
| | - P Díaz-Rosales
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal; Inmunología y Patología de Peces, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA, INIA-CSIC), Carretera de Algete a El Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos-Alalpardo, Madrid, Spain.
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Vallecillos A, María-Dolores E, Villa J, Rueda FM, Carrillo J, Ramis G, Soula M, Afonso JM, Armero E. Phenotypic and Genetic Components for Growth, Morphology, and Flesh-Quality Traits of Meagre ( Argyrosomus regius) Reared in Tank and Sea Cage. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113285. [PMID: 34828015 PMCID: PMC8614282 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Meagre is an emergent species in aquaculture, due to its fast growth rate, low feed conversion ratio, and the high quality of the product. Although advances have been achieved in its management, reproduction, and feeding, breeding programs have not yet been developed. For this reason, this study aimed to provide information about the genetic variations in growth, morphology traits, and flesh chemical composition to be included in a selective breeding program, studied in two different housing systems (cage and tank). Heritabilities for growth and morphology traits, and for fillet fat percentage were medium, revealing those traits as a possible selection criterion in a breeding program. Image analysis provided a great amount of objective information regarding the different morphological traits of the fish, where a positive and high correlation with growth traits was observed. Positive phenotypic correlation between fillet fat percentage and body weight was observed, so a selection process to improve growth rate could lead to a fish with higher fillet fat percentage. Abstract Meagre (Argyrosomus regius) plays an important role in the aquaculture system, with the potential for diversification of European aquaculture, and is characterized by its fast growth rate, low feed conversion ratio, and the high quality of the product. Focusing on the relevance of meagre, the aim of the study was to analyze growth performance, fish morphology, and flesh composition phenotypically and genetically to be considered as a strategy in a breeding program. For this purpose, 633 fish were raised in two different housing systems, in sea cages or in a continental tank, and when they reached harvest size, manual growth traits, automatic morphology by the image analysis program IMAFISH_ML, and flesh chemical composition (fat, protein, moisture, and collagen percentages) were measured. The fish reared in the cages showed a higher body weight and fillet fat percentage than those in the tank. Heritabilities for growth and morphology traits, and for fillet fat percentage were medium, revealing these traits as a possible selection criterion in a breeding program. Phenotypic and genetic correlations between growth and morphology traits were positive and high. Phenotypic correlations between growth or morphology traits with fillet fat percentage were positive and medium; genetic correlations were not estimated accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vallecillos
- Department of Agronomic Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30202 Cartagena, Spain; (A.V.); (E.M.-D.)
| | - Emilio María-Dolores
- Department of Agronomic Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30202 Cartagena, Spain; (A.V.); (E.M.-D.)
| | - Javier Villa
- Alevines del Sureste S.L., calle Cabo Cope s/n, Águilas, 30880 Murcia, Spain; (J.V.); (F.M.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Francisco Miguel Rueda
- Alevines del Sureste S.L., calle Cabo Cope s/n, Águilas, 30880 Murcia, Spain; (J.V.); (F.M.R.); (J.C.)
| | - José Carrillo
- Alevines del Sureste S.L., calle Cabo Cope s/n, Águilas, 30880 Murcia, Spain; (J.V.); (F.M.R.); (J.C.)
| | - Guillermo Ramis
- Department of Animal Production, University of Murcia, Avenida Teniente Flomesta 5, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Mohamed Soula
- Institute of Sustainable Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems (GIA-ECOAQUA), Carretera de Taliarte s/n, Telde, 35214 Las Palmas, Spain; (M.S.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Juan Manuel Afonso
- Institute of Sustainable Aquaculture and Marine Ecosystems (GIA-ECOAQUA), Carretera de Taliarte s/n, Telde, 35214 Las Palmas, Spain; (M.S.); (J.M.A.)
| | - Eva Armero
- Department of Agronomic Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII 48, 30202 Cartagena, Spain; (A.V.); (E.M.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-325-538; Fax: +34-968-325-433
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