1
|
Erfanmanesh A, Beikzadeh B, Khanzadeh M, Alishahi M. Immuno-protective response of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) to inactivated vaccines against Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio harveyi. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:89. [PMID: 38459562 PMCID: PMC10921715 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03935-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, the protective immunity and immunogenicity of the monovalent and bivalent Streptococcus iniae and Vibrio harveyi vaccine were evaluated in Asian seabass. To analyze immune responses, 1200 Asian seabass with an average weight of 132.6 ± 25.4 g were divided into eight treatments in triplicates (50 fish per tank) as follows: S. iniae immunized by injection (SI), V. harveyi immunized by injection (VI), bivalent S. iniae and V. harveyi (SVI) immunized by injection, S. iniae immunized by immersion (SIM), V. harveyi (VIM) immunized by immersion, bivalent S. iniae and V. harvei (SVIM) immunized by immersion, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) by injection (PBSI) and control group without vaccine administration (CTRL). Blood and serum samples were taken at the end of the 30th and 60th days. Then the vaccinated groups were challenged with two bacteria (S. iniae) and (V. harveyi) separately and mortality was recorded for 14 days. RESULTS This study reveals that there is no significant difference in the hematological parameters on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment in the vaccine-immunized groups compared to the CTRL group (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the amount of serum albumin level, respiratory burst activity, and serum bactericidal activity in the vaccine-immunized groups compared to the CTRL group on the 30th and 60th days of the experiment (P > 0.05). Total protein on the 60th day (in the VI and SVI groups), globulin on the 30th day (in the VI and SVI groups) and the 60th day (in the VI group) compared to the CTRL and PBSI groups had a significant increase (P < 0.05). Complement activity (in the VI and SVI groups) and lysozyme (in the SI and SVI groups) increased significantly compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Serum antibody titer against S. iniae had a significant increase in the SI, VI, SVI and SVIM groups compared to the CTRL and PBSI groups (P < 0.05). Serum antibody titer against V. harveyi had a significant increase in the groups immunized with the vaccine compared to the CTRL and PBSI groups (P < 0.05). A significant increase in the relative percentage survival (RPS) following challenge with S. iniae in the SVI (86.6%), SI (83.3%,) and VI (73.3%) groups were observed compared to the CTRL (43.3%) and PBSI (40%) groups (P < 0.05). Also, a significant increase in the RPS after challenge with V. harveyi in the SVI group, VI 86.6%, SVI 83.3%, VIM 80% and SVIM 76.6% were observed compared to the CTRL (46.6%) and PBSI (50%) groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, the results demonstrated that the bivalent vaccine of S. iniae and V. harveywas able to produce significant immunogenicity and RPS in Asian seabass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Erfanmanesh
- Animal Biological Product Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Beikzadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Khanzadeh
- Animal Biological Product Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran Organization, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Alishahi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
- Centre of Excellence for Warm Water Fish Health and Disease, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yunis-Aguinaga J, Sotil G, Morey GAM, Fernandez-Espinel C, Flores-Dominick V, Rengifo-Marin G, da Silva Claudiano G, Medina-Morillo M. Susceptibility of the cultured Amazonian fish, Colossoma macropomum, to experimental infection with Aeromonas species from ornamental fish. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106461. [PMID: 38048837 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
The global ornamental fish trade carries important risk factors for spreading pathogens between different countries and regions, not only for ornamental fish but also for cultured fish and even other animal species. In the current study, we reported the capacity of Aeromonas veronii and A. hydrophila isolated from ornamental fish to experimentally infect the reared Amazonian fish Colossoma macropomum. For this, those bacteria were identified, and a primary characterization was performed. Fish were inoculated with 0.1 mL of increasing concentrations of A. hydrophila or A. veronii (C1 = 1 × 102; C2 = 1.8 × 104; C3 = 2.1 × 106; C4 = 2.4 × 108 bacterial cells per mL) in the coelomic cavity. In the control group, fish received the same volume of sterile saline solution (0.9 %). Fish presented petechiae, skin suffusions, and mortality rates up to 100 % according to the inoculum concentration. Histopathologically, fish presented necrosis with karyolysis, loss of the cytoplasmic delimitation of cells of the renal tubules and hepatocytes, hemorrhage, cellular edema, and the presence of bacterial cells. The LD50-96h of A. veronii on C. macropomum was estimated at 2.4 × 106 CFU mL-1 and of A. hydrophila at 1.408 × 105 CFU mL-1. The results demonstrated that it is possible that Aeromonas species isolated from ornamental fish affect C. macropomum, causing similar clinical signs and lesions. This shows the importance of promoting risk control measures worldwide regarding the trade of ornamental fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Callao, Peru; Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
| | - Giovanna Sotil
- Laboratorio de Genética Molecular, Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Callao, Peru; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - German Augusto Murrieta Morey
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Iquitos, Peru; Universidade Estadual do Maranhão- UEMA, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - PPGCA, São Luís, Maranhão- Brasil
| | | | | | - Gino Rengifo-Marin
- Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Iquitos, Peru
| | | | - Marco Medina-Morillo
- Laboratorio de Patobiología Acuática, Instituto del Mar del Perú (IMARPE), Callao, Peru.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumwan B, Bunnoy A, Chatchaiphan S, Kayansamruaj P, Dong HT, Senapin S, Srisapoome P. First Investigation of the Optimal Timing of Vaccination of Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) Larvae against Streptococcus agalactiae. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1753. [PMID: 38140158 PMCID: PMC10747866 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate early immune responses and explore the optimal vaccination periods, Nile tilapia at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after yolk sac collapse (DAYC) were immersed in formalin-killed Streptococcus agalactiae vaccine (FKV-SA). A specific IgM was first detected via ELISA in the 21 DAYC larvae (0.108 g) at 336 h after vaccination (hav), whereas in the 28-42 DAYC larvae (0.330-0.580 g), the specific IgM could be initially detected at 24 hav. qRT-PCR analysis of the TCRβ, CD4, MHCIIα, IgHM, IgHT, and IgHD genes in 21-42 DAYC larvae immunized with the FKV-SA immersion route for 24, 168, and 336 hav revealed that the levels of most immune-related genes were significantly higher in the vaccinated larvae at all DAYCs than in the control larvae (p < 0.05) at 336 hav. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated stronger IgM signals in the gills, head kidney, and intestine tissues at 21, 28, and 35 DAYC in all vaccinated larvae compared with the control. Interestingly, at all DAYCs, FKV-SA larvae exhibited significantly higher survival rates and an increased relative percent survival (RPS) than the control after challenge with viable S. agalactiae, particularly in larvae that were immunized with FKV-SA at 168 and 336 hav (p < 0.05).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benchawan Kumwan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.K.); (A.B.); (P.K.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.K.); (A.B.); (P.K.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Satid Chatchaiphan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Pattanapon Kayansamruaj
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.K.); (A.B.); (P.K.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, Department of Food Agriculture and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
- Fish Health Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (B.K.); (A.B.); (P.K.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo S, Chen M, Li W, Wan Q, Xu M. Analysis of Alternative Splicing and Long Noncoding RNAs After the Edwardsiella anguillarum Infected the Immunized European Eels (Anguilla anguilla) Revealed the Role of Outer Membrane Protein A in OmpA Subunit Vaccine. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023:10.1007/s10126-023-10210-x. [PMID: 37171708 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiella anguillarum is a bacterium that commonly infects cultivated eels. Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) emulsified with Freund's adjuvant has been shown to be an effective fishery vaccine against this pathogen. However, the specific roles of OmpA in the vaccine have not been fully explored. In this study, we performed RNA-seq in the liver of a European eel (Anguilla anguilla) after challenge with E. anguillarum in eels previously immunized with an OmpA subunit vaccine. Our aim was to elucidate the differentially alternative splicing (DAS) and differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (DE-lncRNAs) using a genome-wide transcriptome. The results showed after that at 28 days post-immunization, eels challenged with E. anguillarum (Con_inf) exhibited severe pathological changes in the liver. In contrast, the OmpA infused eels (OmpA_inf group) showed infiltrated lymphocytes, while Freund's adjuvant-inoculated eels (FCIA_inf group) showed edema of hepatocytes and blood coagulation. The relative percent survival (RPS) was 77.7% and 44.4% for OmpA_inf and FCIA_inf compared to the Con_inf group. We identified 37 DE-lncRNAs and 293 DAS genes between OmpA_inf and FCIA_inf. Interactions between DAS gene-expressed proteins indicated that 66 expressed proteins formed 20 networks. Additionally, 33 DE-lncRNAs interacted with 194 target genes formed 246 and 41 networks in co-expression and co-location. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the OmpA subunit vaccine elicits a higher RPS and provides novel insights into the role of OmpA through DAS genes and DE-lncRNAs perspective. These results are significant for the development of fishery subunit vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Guo
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Minxia Chen
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Wanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qijuan Wan
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin P, Xu M, Yang Q, Chen M, Guo S. Inoculation of Freund's adjuvant in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) revealed key KEGG pathways and DEGs of host anti-Edwardsiella anguillarum infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 136:108708. [PMID: 36997037 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Freund's complete (FCA) and incomplete adjuvants (FIA), generally applied in subunit fishery vaccine, have not been explored on the molecular mechanism of the nonspecific immune enhancement. In this study, we examined the RNA-seq in the spleen of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) inoculated with FCA and FIA (FCIA group) to elucidate the key KEGG pathways and differential expressed genes (DEGs) in the process of Edwardsiella anguillarum infection and A. anguilla anti-E. anguillarum infection using genome-wide transcriptome. After eels were challenged by E. anguillarum at 28 d post the first inoculation (dpi), compared to the control uninfected eels (Con group), the control infected eels (Con_inf group) showed severe pathological changes in the liver, kidney and spleen, although infected eels post the inoculation of FCIA (FCIA_inf group) also formed slight bleeding. Compared to the FCIA_inf group, there was more than 10 times colony forming unit (cfu) in the Con_inf group per 100 μg spleen, kidney or blood, and the relative percent survival (RPS) of eels was 44.4% in FCIA_inf vs Con_inf. Compared to the Con group, the SOD activity in the FCIA group increased significantly in the liver and spleen. Using high-throughput transcriptomics, DEGs were identified and 29 genes were verified using fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The result of DEGs clustering showed 9 samples in 3 groups of Con, FCIA and FCIA_inf were similar, contrast to distinct differences of 3 samples in the Con_inf group. We found 3795 up and 3548 down regulated DEGs in the compare of FCIA_inf vs Con_inf, of which 5 enriched KEGG pathways of "Lysosome", "Autophagy", "Apoptosis", "C-type lectin receptor signaling" and "Insulin signaling" were ascertained, and 26 of 30 top GO terms in the compare were significantly enriched. Finally, protein-protein interactions between the DEGs of the 5 KEGG pathways and other DEGs were explored using Cytoscape 3.9.1. The compare of FCIA_inf vs Con_inf showed 110 DEGs from the 5 pathways and 718 DEGs from other pathways formed total of 9747° in a network, of which 9 hub DEGs play vital roles in anti-infection or apoptosis. Together, the interaction networks revealed that 9 DEGs involved in the 5 pathways underlies the key process of A. anguilla anti-E. anguillarum infection or host cell apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lin
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiuhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province, Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Minxia Chen
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Jimei University /Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel, Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, China; Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xiamen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wangkahart E, Thongsrisuk A, Vialle R, Pholchamat S, Sunthamala P, Phudkliang J, Srisapoome P, Wang T, Secombes CJ. Comparative study of the effects of Montanide™ ISA 763A VG and ISA 763B VG adjuvants on the immune response against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108563. [PMID: 36717067 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is regarded as a major bacterial pathogen of farmed fish, with outbreaks in Nile tilapia causing significant losses. Vaccination is considered the most suitable method for disease control in aquaculture, with the potential to prevent such outbreaks if highly efficacious vaccines are available for use. Several vaccines have been produced to protect against S. agalactiae infection in tilapia, including inactivated vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, and subunit vaccines, with variable levels of protection seen. Two commercial adjuvants, Montanide™ ISA 763A VG and ISA 763B VG, have been developed recently and designed to improve the safety and efficacy of oil-based emulsions delivered by intraperitoneal injection. In particular, their mode of action may help identify and stimulate particular immunological pathways linked to the intended protective response, which is an important tool for future vaccine development. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the potential of two adjuvanted-bacterial vaccines against S. agalactiae (SAIV) comparatively, to determine their usefulness for improving protection and to analyse the immune mechanisms involved. Nile tilapia were divided into four groups: 1) fish injected with PBS as a control, 2) fish injected with the SAIV alone, 3) fish injected with the SAIV + Montanide™ ISA 763A VG, and 4) fish injected with the SAIV + Montanide™ ISA 763B VG. Following immunization selected innate immune parameters were analysed, including serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, and bactericidal activity, with significantly increased levels seen after immunization. Cytokines associated with innate and adaptive immunity were also studied, with expression levels of several genes showing significant up-regulation, indicating good induction of cell-mediated immune responses. Additionally, the specific IgM antibody response against S. agalactiae was determined and found to be significantly induced post-vaccination, with higher levels seen in the presence of the adjuvants. In comparison to the protection seen with the unadjuvanted vaccine (61.29% RPS), both Montanide™ ISA 763A VG and Montanide™ ISA 763B VG improved the RPS, to 77.42% and 74.19% respectively. In conclusion, Montanide™ ISA 763A VG and Montanide™ ISA 763B VG have shown potential for use as adjuvants for fish vaccines against streptococcosis, as evidenced by the enhanced immunoprotection seen when given in combination with the SAIV vaccine employed in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eakapol Wangkahart
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand.
| | - Areerat Thongsrisuk
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Regis Vialle
- SEPPIC, Paris La Défense, 50 Boulevard National, CS 90020, 92257, La Garenne Colombes Cedex, France
| | - Sirinya Pholchamat
- Master of Science Program in Biotechnology & Biobusiness, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Phitcharat Sunthamala
- Master of Science Program in Biotechnology & Biobusiness, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Janjira Phudkliang
- Master of Science Program in Biotechnology & Biobusiness, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Du Y, Hu X, Miao L, Chen J. Current status and development prospects of aquatic vaccines. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1040336. [PMID: 36439092 PMCID: PMC9684733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1040336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases are a significant impediment to aquaculture's sustainable and healthy growth. The aquaculture industry is suffering significant financial losses as a result of the worsening water quality and increasing frequency of aquatic disease outbreaks caused by the expansion of aquaculture. Drug control, immunoprophylaxis, ecologically integrated control, etc. are the principal control strategies for fish infections. For a long time, the prevention and control of aquatic diseases have mainly relied on the use of various antibiotics and chemical drugs. However, long-term use of chemical inputs not only increases pathogenic bacteria resistance but also damages the fish and aquaculture environments, resulting in drug residues in aquatic products, severely impeding the development of the aquaculture industry. The development and use of aquatic vaccines are the safest and most effective ways to prevent aquatic animal diseases and preserve the health and sustainability of aquaculture. To give references for the development and implementation of aquatic vaccines, this study reviews the development history, types, inoculation techniques, mechanisms of action, development prospects, and challenges encountered with aquatic vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoman Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu L, Yin Z, Zheng Z, Tang Y, Guo S. Comprehensive Relationship Analysis of the Long Noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and the Target mRNAs in Response to the Infection of Edwardsiella anguillarum in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) Inoculated with Freund's Adjuvant. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:956-968. [PMID: 35995892 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and incomplete adjuvant (FIA), generally applied in subunit fishery vaccine, have not been explored on the molecular mechanism of the non-specific immune enhancement. As long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital regulating roles in various biological activities, in this study, we examined the genome-wide expression of transcripts in the liver of European eel (Anguilla anguilla, Aa) inoculated with FCA and FIA (FCIA) to elucidate the regulators of lncRNAs in the process of Edwardsiella anguillarum (Ea) infection and Aa anti-Ea infection using strand-specific RNA-seq. After eels were challenged by Ea at 28 days post the first inoculation (dpi), compared to the control uninfected eels (Li group), the control infected eels (Con_Li group) showed severe bleeding, hepatocyte atrophy, and thrombi formed in the hepatic vessels of the liver, although eels inoculated with FCIA (FCIA_Li group) also formed slight thrombi in the hepatic vessels. Compared to the FCIA_Li group, there was about 10 times colony-forming unit (cfu) in the Con_Li group per 100 μg liver tissue, and the relative percent survival (RPS) of eels was 50% in FCIA_Li vs Con_Li. Using high-throughput transcriptomics, differential expressed genes (DEGs) and transcripts were identified and the results were verified using fluorescence real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Interactions between the differential expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and the target DEGs were explored using Cytoscape according to their co-expression and co-location relationship. We found 13,499 lncRNAs (10,176 annotated and 3423 novel lncRNAs) between 3 comparisons of Con_Li vs Li, FCIA_Li vs Li, and FCIA_Li vs Con_Li, of which 111, 110, and 129 DE-lncRNAs were ascertained. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of DEGs targeted by DE-lncRNAs revealed these DEGs mainly involved in single-organism cellular process in BP, membrane in CC and binding in MF, and KEGG pathways showed that the target DEGs in co-expression and co-location enriched in cell adhesion molecules. Finally, 118 DE-lncRNAs target 1161 DEGs were involved in an interaction network of 8474 co-expression and 333 co-location-related links, of which 16 DE-lncRNAs play vital roles in anti-Ea infection. Taken together, the interaction networks revealed that DE-lncRNAs underlies the process of Ea infection and Aa anti-Ea infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wu
- College of Overseas Education, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Fisheries College, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhijin Zheng
- Fisheries College, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yijun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, 800 Algoma Blvd., Oshkosh, WI, USA
| | - Songlin Guo
- Fisheries College, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang AG, Su LJ, He WH, Zhang FL, Wei CS, Wang YH. Natural component plumbagin as a potential antibacterial agent against Streptococcus agalactiae infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:815-823. [PMID: 35315084 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), can infect humans, terrestrial animals and fish. The emergence of bacterial resistance of S. agalactiae to antibiotics leads to an urgent need of exploration of new antimicrobial agents. In the study, the antibacterial activity of natural component plumbagin (PLB) against S. agalactiae was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PLB against S. agalactiae was 8 mg/L. The growth curve assay revealed that PLB could inhibit the growth of S. agalactiae. In addition, the time-killing curve showed that S. agalactiae was killed almost completely by 2-fold MIC of PLB within 12 h. Transmission electron microscopy results showed obvious severe morphological destruction and abnormal cells of S. agalactiae after treated with PLB. The pathogenicity of S. agalactiae to zebrafish was significantly decreased after preincubation with PLB for 2 h in vitro, further indicating the bactericidal activity of PLB. Interestingly, PLB could kill S. agalactiae without inducing resistance development. Furthermore, pretreatment and post-treatment assays suggested that PLB also exhibited the antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae infection in vivo by effectively reducing the bacterial load and improving the survival rate of S. agalactiae-infected zebrafish. In summary, PLB had potent antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae in vitro and in vivo, and it could be an excellent antimicrobial candidate to prevent and control S. agalactiae infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Guo Huang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin-Jun Su
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Hao He
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fa-Li Zhang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chao-Shuai Wei
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ying-Hui Wang
- Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ridzuan MSM, Abdullah A, Ramly R, Mansor NN, Ramli N, Firdaus-Nawi M. Current status and advances of fish vaccines in Malaysia. Vet World 2022; 15:465-482. [PMID: 35400970 PMCID: PMC8980389 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.465-482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish diseases have a significant negative influence on the Malaysian aquaculture industry. Since the 1980s, the sector has grown in size, which has resulted in a rise in the prevalence of infectious outbreaks affecting both freshwater and marine cultured fish species. Demand for commercially available fish vaccinations is predicted to increase as infectious disease outbreaks continue to occur. In Malaysia, aquaculture vaccine research and development (R&D) are still in its infancy, with most efforts concentrating on producing vaccines against bacterial infections, most notably streptococcosis, vibriosis, and motile Aeromonas septicemia. Despite several attempts, no homegrown vaccine has been effectively introduced into the manufacturing pipeline to date. At the moment, only three imported aquatic vaccines have received full permission, a far cry from the 314 and 60 vaccines licensed in the poultry and porcine industries, respectively. This review will describe recent findings regarding the development of aquaculture vaccines for certain fish species and diseases in Malaysia. In our opinion, R&D on fish vaccines is critical to the aquaculture industry's viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Syafiq Mohammad Ridzuan
- Department of Marine Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; National Fish Health Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute Batu Maung, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 11960 Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Azila Abdullah
- National Fish Health Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute Batu Maung, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 11960 Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Rimatulhana Ramly
- National Fish Health Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute Batu Maung, Department of Fisheries Malaysia, 11960 Batu Maung, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nazifah Mansor
- Department of Marine Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Norazsida Ramli
- Kulliyyah of Allied Health Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Firdaus-Nawi
- Department of Marine Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health, Institute of Oceanography and Maritime Studies, International Islamic University Malaysia, Cherok Paloh, 26060 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramos-Espinoza FC, Cueva-Quiroz VA, Yunis-Aguinaga J, Alvarez-Rubio NC, de Mello NP, de Moraes JRE. Testing Novel Inactivation Methods and Adjuvants for Vaccines Against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2411:241-249. [PMID: 34816409 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1888-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inactivation by hydrogen peroxide and pH manipulation are two novel methods used recently in experimental vaccines against Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia. Here we describe in detail inactivation using novel methods as well as the classical method of inactivation. These vaccines showed similar moderate efficacy when compared to the conventional formaldehyde vaccine. In addition, we describe the inclusion of adjuvants in a hydrogen peroxide vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga
- Aquaculture Center of Unesp (Caunesp), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nicoli Paganoti de Mello
- Aquaculture Center of Unesp (Caunesp), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
He C, Yang J, Zhao H, Liu M, Wu D, Liu B, He S, Chen Z. Vaccination with a Brucella ghost developed through a double inactivation strategy provides protection in Guinea pigs and cattle. Microb Pathog 2021; 162:105363. [PMID: 34919994 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination can prevent and control animal brucellosis. Currently, live attenuated vaccines are extensively used to prevent Brucella infection. However, traditional vaccines such as live attenuated vaccines are associated with biological safety risks for both humans and animals. The bacterial ghost (BG) is a new form of vaccine with great prospects. However, bacterial cells cannot be completely inactivated by biological lysis, conferring a safety risk associated with the vaccine. In this study, we developed a Brucella abortus A19 bacterial ghost (A19BG) through a double inactivation strategy with sequential biological lysis and hydrogen peroxide treatment. This strategy resulted in 100% inactivation of Brucella, such that viable bacterial cells were not detected even at an ultrahigh concentration of 1010 colony-forming units/mL. Furthermore, A19BG had a typical BG morphology and good genetic stability. Moreover, it did not induce adverse reactions in guinea pigs. The levels of antibodies, interferon-γ, interleukin-4, and CD4+ T cells in guinea pigs inoculated with the A19BG vaccine were similar to those inoculated with the existing A19 vaccine. Immunization with A19BG conferred a similar level of protection with that of A19 against Brucella melitensis M28 in both guinea pigs and cattle. In conclusion, the combination of biological lysis and H2O2-mediated inactivation is a safe and effective strategy that can serve as a reference for the preparation of BG vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu He
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, PR China; Tecon Biological Co, Ltd, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- Tecon Biological Co, Ltd, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
| | - Mengzhi Liu
- Tecon Biological Co, Ltd, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
| | - Dongling Wu
- Tecon Biological Co, Ltd, Urumqi, 830011, PR China
| | - Baoshan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, PR China.
| | - Sun He
- Tecon Biological Co, Ltd, Urumqi, 830011, PR China.
| | - Zeliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110866, PR China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China; Brucellosis Prevention and Treatment Engineering Technology Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, PR China; School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wangkaghart E, Deville S, Wang B, Srisapoome P, Wang T, Secombes CJ. Immune response and protective efficacy of two new adjuvants, Montanide™ ISA 763B VG and Montanide™ GEL02, administered with a Streptococcus agalactiae ghost vaccine in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 116:19-29. [PMID: 34153428 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most important pathogens infecting tilapia worldwide and causes meningoencephalitis, septicemia and high mortalities with considerable losses. Various types of vaccines have been developed against S. agalactiae infection, such as inactivated vaccines, live attenuated vaccines and subunit vaccines. Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are nonliving, empty cell envelopes and have been reported as novel vaccine candidates. Therefore, the main aims of this study were to develop an S. agalactiae ghost vaccine (SAGV) and to evaluate the immune response and protective effect of SAGV against S. agalactiae with two novel adjuvants, Montanide™ ISA 763B VG and Montanide™ GEL02. Nile tilapia, mean weight 50 g, were divided into four groups as follows; 1) fish injected with PBS as control, 2) fish injected with the SAGV alone; 3) fish injected with the SAGV+Montanide™ ISA 763B VG; and 4) fish injected with SAGV+Montanide™ GEL02. Following vaccination, innate immunity parameters including serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, catalase, and bactericidal activity were all significantly enhanced. Moreover, specific serum IgM antibodies were induced and reached their highest level 2-8 weeks post vaccination. Importantly, the relative percent survival of tilapia vaccinated against the SAGV formulated with both adjuvants was 80-93%. Furthermore, the transcription of immune-related genes (IgM, TCRβ, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNFα) were up-regulated in tilapia after vaccination, indicating that both cellular and humoral immune responses were induced by these adjuvanted vaccines. In summary, Montanide™ ISA 763B VG and Montanide™ GEL02 can enhance immunoprotection induced by the SAGV vaccine against streptococcosis, demonstrating that both have value as potential adjuvants of fish vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eakapol Wangkaghart
- Research Unit of Excellence for Tropical Fisheries and Technology, Division of Fisheries, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
| | - Sebastien Deville
- SEPPIC, Paris La Défense, 50 Boulevard National, CS 90020, 92257, La Garenne Colombes Cedex, France.
| | - Bei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animal, Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China.
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Jatujak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Tiehui Wang
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Christopher J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marcusso PF, da Silva Claudiano G, Yunis-Aguinaga J, de Almeida Marinho-Neto F, Eto SF, Fernandes DC, Rosolem MC, Salvador R, Engracia de Moraes JR, Ruas de Moraes F. Immunogenicity in Oreochromis niloticus vaccinated with sonicated antigens against streptococcosis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 115:134-141. [PMID: 34098067 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcosis causes great economic losses in intensive culture of tilapia. Vaccination is the most effective and safest way to tackle infectious diseases. Thus, this study sought the more effective and safer antigenic fraction after sonication of Streptococcus agalactiae to elaborate a vaccine against streptococcosis in Nile tilapia. For this, twenty-one days after vaccination with different fractions (soluble and insoluble) of S. agalactiae, the fish were challenged with the homologous strain (LD50). Then, samples were taken at zero, 14, 28, 60 and 90 days post-vaccination (DPV, n = 7). Blood and organs (cranial kidney, spleen and liver) were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinated fish. Finally, insoluble fraction vaccine presented the best effect, resulting in a 100% relative percent of survival (RPS) and without clinical manifestations. In view of the results, it was to evaluate the role of the insoluble fraction of the antigen in the protective immunity against streptococcosis. The results indicate that the spleen might be the main organ in the vaccine response in Nile tilapia due to the great morphological and immunological differences in vaccinated fish, evidenced by the greater of melanomacrophage centers (MMC) and IgM + lymphocytes in relation to the non-vaccinated fish. At 60 DPV, it was observed the peak of the protective immunity related to the maximum concentration of proteins, circulating leukocytes, antibody titers in the serum and tissue changes with greater expression of IgM + and MMC number in the spleen and kidney of Oreochromis niloticus. Vaccination with insoluble fraction of S. agalactiae was safe and provided effective protection against streptococcosis with maximum protective response at 60 DPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Fernandes Marcusso
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Israel; Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo da Silva Claudiano
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil; Institute of Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduated Program in Aquaculture/Aquaculture Center São Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jefferson Yunis-Aguinaga
- Scientific University of the South, Lima, Peru; Sea Institute of Peru, Callao, Peru; Postgraduated Program in Aquaculture/Aquaculture Center São Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Fausto de Almeida Marinho-Neto
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil.
| | - Silas Fernandes Eto
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil; Department of Postgraduate in Health Sciences-PROCISA, Federal University of Roraima (UFRR), Boa Vista, Brazil.
| | - Dayanne Carla Fernandes
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil; Institute of Chemistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mayara Caroline Rosolem
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil; Veterinary Pathologist Autonomous,.Brazil.
| | | | - Julieta Rodini Engracia de Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil; Postgraduated Program in Aquaculture/Aquaculture Center São Paulo State University (UNESP) Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Ruas de Moraes
- Department of Pathology, Theriogenology and One Health, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Unesp, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|