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Wang F, Xu J, Wang Z, Cao J, Lu Y. Response signatures of intestinal microbiota and gene transcription of the pearl gentian grouper to Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109590. [PMID: 38677631 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi causes high mortality and severely limits grouper culture. The gut microbiota is an important biological barrier against pathogen invasion. In this study, we investigated dynamic changes in the intestinal microbial community, gene transcription and immune responses signatures of pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♂ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♀) at 0, 3 and 7 days (referred to as d0, d3 and d7 groups, respectively) after infection with V. harveyi. The results demonstrated that the d7 treatment reduced the gut microbial diversity and increased the proportion of Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria. Notably, several putative pathogenic genera (Sphingomonas and Bacteroides) proliferated, while putative probiotic genera (Rhodococcus and Lactobacillus) reduced, and these changes in intestinal bacteria might be correlated to the alterations of host immune-related molecules. The d3 and d7 treatments also altered the histomorphology and gene transcription profiles mainly associated with immune function in intestine, such as 'MAPK signaling pathway', 'Apoptosis' and 'Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway'. Furthermore, d3 group induced a homeostatic dysregulation of the antioxidant system, cytokines and TLR signaling, with a tendency to gradually return to a normal state in d7 group, along with the apoptosis process. The pathogenic infection suppressed the expression of JNK pathway and enhanced the ERK pathway. In conclusion, the dysbiosis of the intestinal bacterial communities caused by the immune changes that occurred during V. harveyi infection disrupted the intestine health in the pearl gentian grouper. These results provided a comprehensive understandings of the immune defense mechanisms in fish and valuable references to develop disease control strategies in grouper aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China; College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China; College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Junming Cao
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yishan Lu
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animal Health Assessment, Shenzhen Public Service Platform for Evaluation of Marine Economic Animal Seedings, Shenzhen, 518210, China; College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Lin CY, Zhang YM, Li BZ, Shu MA, Xu WB. Identification and characterization of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) from the mud crab Scylla paramamosain in response to Vibrio alginolyticus and White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104755. [PMID: 37295629 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4), serves as a critical component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, facilitating the direct phosphorylation and activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 families of MAP kinases in response to environmental stresses. In the current research, we identified two MKK4 subtypes, namely SpMKK4-1 and SpMKK4-2, from Scylla paramamosain, followed by the analysis of their molecular characteristics and tissue distributions. The expression of SpMKK4s was induced upon WSSV and Vibrio alginolyticus challenges, and the bacteria clearance capacity and antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes' expression upon bacterial infection were significantly decreased after knocking down SpMKK4s. Additionally, the overexpression of both SpMKK4s remarkably activated NF-κB reporter plasmid in HEK293T cells, suggesting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These results indicated the participation of SpMKK4s in the innate immunity of crabs, which shed light on a better understanding of the mechanisms through which MKK4s regulate innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yang Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bang-Ze Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Wen-Bin Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Liu M, Ni H, Zhang X, Sun Q, Wu X, He J. Comparative transcriptomics reveals the immune dynamics during the molting cycle of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037739. [PMID: 36389847 PMCID: PMC9659622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Molting is one of the most important biological processes of crustacean species, and a number of molecular mechanisms facilitate this complex procedure. However, the understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying crustacean molting cycle remains very limited. This study performed transcriptome sequencing in hemolymph and hepatopancreas of the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus) during the four molting stages: post-molt (AB), inter-molt (C), pre-molt (D), and ecdysis (E). The results showed that there were 78,572 unigenes that were obtained in the hemolymph and hepatopancreas of P. trituberculatus. Further analysis showed that 98 DEGs were involved in immunity response of hemolymph and hepatopancreas, and most of the DEGs participated in the process of signal transduction, pattern recognition proteins/receptors, and antioxidative enzymes system. Specifically, the key genes and pathway involved in signal transduction including the GPCR126, beta-integrin, integrin, three genes in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascade (MAPKKK10, MAPKK4, and p38 MAPK), and four genes in Toll pathway (Toll-like receptor, cactus, pelle-like kinase, and NFIL3). For the pattern recognition proteins/receptors, the lowest expression level of 11 genes was found in the E stage, including C-type lectin receptor, C-type lectin domain family 6 member A and SRB3/C in the hemolymph, and hepatopancreatic lectin 4, C-type lectin, SRB, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule homolog, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule isoform, and A2M. Moreover, the expression level of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase isoform 4, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, peroxiredoxin, peroxiredoxin 6, and dual oxidase 2 in stage C or stage D significantly higher than that of stage E or stage AB. These results fill in the gap of the continuous transcriptional changes that are evident during the molting cycle of crab and further provided valuable information for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation during the molting cycle of crab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Liu
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Hongwei Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Qiufeng Sun
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xugan Wu
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie He
- Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, China
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Li T, Tan X, Huang Y, Cui J, Chen F, Xiong Y. MicroRNA miR-627-5p restrains pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell dysfunction by targeting MAP 2 K4 and PI3K/AKT signaling. Genes Environ 2022; 44:23. [PMID: 36163195 PMCID: PMC9513949 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-022-00251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which can be caused by abnormal proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Several microRNAs were demonstrated to regulate the PASMC dysfunction. Our study intends to evaluate whether miR-627-5p affects cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced aberrant biological behaviors of PASMCs. METHODS PASMCs was treated with CSE to create the in vitro cellular model of COPD. The viability and LDH release of PASMCs was detected by CCK-8 assay and LDH release assay. MiR-627-5p and MAP 2 K4 expression in CSE (2%)-treated PASMCs was detected by qRT-PCR. PASMC proliferation was observed under a microscope, and PASMC migration was assessed by Transwell migration assays. The binding of miR-627-5p on MAP 2 K4 was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Protein levels of MAP2K4 and the PI3K/AKT signaling markers were examined by western blotting. RESULTS The viability of PASMCs treated with 2% CSE reached a peak. CSE dose-dependently downregulated miR-627-5p expression in PASMCs. MiR-627-5p overexpression attenuated the CSE-induced abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMCs. However, MAP2K4 overexpression antagonized the effects of miR-627-5p on PASMC dysfunction. Importantly, miR-627-5p inhibited CSE-stimulated activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway via downregulating MAP2K4. CONCLUSION MiR-627-5p improves CSE-induced abnormal proliferation and migration of PASMCs by inhibiting MAP2K4 expression and the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Yuexia Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Jun Cui
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China.
- Wuhan Fourth Hospital, No. 473, Hanzheng Street, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Yang XD, Hou ZS, Liu MQ, Zeng C, Zhao HK, Xin YR, Xiang KW, Yang Q, Wen HS, Li JF. Identification and characterization of mkk genes and their expression profiles in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) symptomatically or asymptomatically infected with Vibrio anguillarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 121:1-11. [PMID: 34974153 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MKKs) are intermediate kinases of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. MKKs are activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MKKK) and then the activated MKKs trigger the activation of downstream MAPKs. MAPK signaling pathways play an important role in regulating immune functions including apoptosis and inflammation. However, studies on identification and characterization of mkk repertoire in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are still limited. Trout experienced 4 rounds (4R) of whole genome duplication (WGD), thus exhibiting increased paralogs of mkks with potentially functional diversity. In this study, we identified 17 mkk genes in trout and the following bacterial challenge (Vibrio anguillarum) studies showed functional diversity of different mkk subtypes. Vibrio anguillarum infection resulted in significantly up-regulated mkk2 subtypes in spleen and liver, and mkk4b3 in spleen, suggesting immunomodulation was regulated by activation of ERK, p38 and JNK pathways. Compared to other mkk subtypes, mkk6s were down-regulated in symptomatic group, rather than asymptomatic group. The organisms present negative feedback on MAPK activation, thus reducing extra damage to cells. We observed down-regulated mkk6s with up-regulated genes (dusp1 & dusp2) involved in negative feedback of MAPK activation. Based on these results, we might propose the distinct expression patterns of genes associated with MAPK pathways resulted in different phenotypes and symptoms of trout in response to bacterial challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhi-Shuai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng-Qun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Chu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong-Kui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan-Ru Xin
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kai-Wen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai-Shen Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
| | - Ji-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education (KLMME), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
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