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Hamar J, Cnaani A, Kültz D. Effects of CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway on hyper-osmotic tolerance of tilapia cells. Genomics 2024; 116:110833. [PMID: 38518899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Myo-inositol is an important compatible osmolyte in vertebrates. This osmolyte is produced by the myo-inositol biosynthesis (MIB) pathway composed of myo-inositol phosphate synthase and inositol monophosphatase. These enzymes are among the highest upregulated proteins in tissues and cell cultures from teleost fish exposed to hyperosmotic conditions indicating high importance of this pathway for tolerating this type of stress. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of tilapia cells produced knockout lines of MIB enzymes and control genes. Metabolic activity decreased significantly for MIB KO lines in hyperosmotic media. Trends of faster growth of the MIB knockout lines in isosmotic media and faster decline of MIB knockout lines in hyperosmotic media were also observed. These results indicate a decline in metabolic fitness but only moderate effects on cell survival when tilapia cells with disrupted MIB genes are exposed to hyperosmolality. Therefore MIB genes are required for full osmotolerance of tilapia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hamar
- Department of Animal Sciences & Genome Center, University of California Davis, Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Avner Cnaani
- Department of Poultry and Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, Rishon LeZion 7528809, Israel
| | - Dietmar Kültz
- Department of Animal Sciences & Genome Center, University of California Davis, Meyer Hall, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Rostami S, Arefhosseini S, Tutunchi H, Khoshbaten M, Ebrahimi‐Mameghani M. Does myo-inositol supplementation influence oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1279-1289. [PMID: 38370063 PMCID: PMC10867460 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol (MI) is a carbocyclic sugar polyalcohol. MI has known to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic activities. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MI supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this double-blinded placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 51 newly diagnosed obese patients with NAFLD were randomly assigned to receive either MI (4 g/day) or placebo supplements accompanied by dietary recommendations for 8 weeks. Oxidative stress biomarkers, nutritional status, as well as liver enzymes and obesity indices were assessed pre- and post-intervention. A total of 48 patients completed the trial. Although anthropometric measures and obesity indices decreased significantly in both groups, the between-group differences adjusted for confounders were non-significant for these parameters, except for weight (p = .049); greater decrease was observed in the MI group. Iron and zinc intakes decreased significantly in both groups; however, between-group differences were non-significant at the end of the study. No significant between-group differences were revealed for other antioxidant micronutrients at the study endpoint. Sense of hunger, feeling to eat, desire to eat sweet and fatty foods reduced significantly in both groups (p < .05), while the feeling of satiety increased significantly in the placebo group (p = .002). No significant between-group differences were observed for these parameters, except for desire to eat fatty foods; a greater decrease was observed in the MI group (p = .034). Serum levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly increased in both study groups (p < .05); however, the between-group differences were non-significant at the end of the study. Furthermore, the between-group differences were non-significant for other oxidative stress biomarkers, except for serum nitric oxide (NO) level; a greater decrease was observed in the MI group. MI supplementation could significantly improve weight, desire to eat fatty foods, serum levels of NO, as well as the aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/ALT ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Manouchehr Khoshbaten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi‐Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Xu Y, Gong Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Ma Z, Yi G, Chen N, Wang W, Huang X. Inositol Inclusion Affects Growth, Body Composition, Antioxidant Performance, and Lipid Metabolism of Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2024; 2024:9944159. [PMID: 38283889 PMCID: PMC10817803 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9944159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The present study explored the effects of inositol on growth performance, body composition, antioxidant performance, and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing 0 mg/kg (G1, control), 125 mg/kg (G2), 250 mg/kg (G3), 375 mg/kg (G4), 500 mg/kg (G5), and 625 mg/kg (G6) inositol were prepared and fed to cultured fish (initial weight: 110 ± 1 g) for 8 weeks in recirculating the aquaculture systems. The results indicated that compared with G1 group, the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency rate (FER) in the G3 group were significantly higher. The crude lipid content of the whole fish and the liver of cultured fish was significantly reduced with increasing dietary inositol inclusion. However, no significant effects on moisture, crude protein, and ash contents of fish were observed among the different groups. Dietary inositol supplementation significantly increased muscular crude protein. However, muscular total lipid contents were decreased when the inclusion level was higher than 250 mg/kg (G3-G6 groups). As dietary inositol supplemental level increased, serum triglyceride (TG), and cholesterol (TC) contents showed an increasing trend and reached the maximum value in the G3 group. Additionally, serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in G2, G3, G4, and G5 groups was significantly upregulated by increasing inositol. While, there was no significant change in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among the treatments. Inositol inclusion also significantly reduced the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT), and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) activities as well as serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content but significantly increased serum catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Compared with the control group, the activities of hepatic total lipase (TL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were significantly elevated in the G3, G4, and G5 groups. Above all, dietary inositol supplementation could improve growth performance and antioxidant capacity, and reduce the liver fat content of largemouth bass, and the optimal supplementation level of inositol in feed is estimated to be 250.31-267.27 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- China-ASEAN “The Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory of Mariculture Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhixiao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ganfeng Yi
- Fantastic Victory (Shenzhen) Technological Innovation Group Co. Ltd, Shenzhen 518054, China
| | - Naisong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- China-ASEAN “The Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory of Mariculture Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- China-ASEAN “The Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory of Mariculture Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xuxiong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Research, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- China-ASEAN “The Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory of Mariculture Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center on Experiment Teaching of Fisheries Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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He Y, Tan Q, Wang Q. Metabolic Research in Aquatic Animal Nutrition, Physiology and Disease. Metabolites 2023; 14:22. [PMID: 38248825 PMCID: PMC10821034 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture provides a significant amount of high-quality protein for human consumption and is one of the most efficient protein production industries [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan He
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.H.); (Q.T.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingsong Tan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.H.); (Q.T.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingchao Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.H.); (Q.T.)
- Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
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Deng H, Chen G, Zhang J, Yang Q, Dong X, Xie S, Liang W, Tan B, Chi S. Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Efficacy of Steroidal Saponins for Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Hybrid Grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatu) Fed Higher-Lipid Diets. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2894. [PMID: 37760294 PMCID: PMC10525917 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An analysis of the extent of the effect of steroidal saponin addition on glucose and lipid metabolism in hybrid grouper liver was performed at the transcriptomic and metabolomic levels. Feeds (52% crude protein, 14% crude lipid) were prepared containing 0% (S0), 0.1% (S0.1), and 0.2% (S0.2) steroidal saponins. After eight weeks of feeding trial, compared to the S0 group, the activities of serum albumin, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase were significantly lower and the activities of lysozyme, acid phosphatase, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly higher in the S0.1 group (p < 0.05). The superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the livers of the S0.1 group were significantly higher than those of the S0 group, while the malondialdehyde content was significantly lower than that of the S0 group (p < 0.05). There were forty-two differentially expressed genes and thirty-two differential metabolites associated with glucose and lipid metabolism enriched using KEGG and GO. In the S0 group, the expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1, prostaglandin E synthase 1, and thromboxane-2 synthase mRNA was significantly higher than in the S0.1 group (p < 0.05). The expression levels of genes in the S0 group were significantly higher than those in the S0.1 group (p < 0.05), including for glycogen synthase kinase, glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 2, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose transporter 4, and malate dehydrogenase. The expression of mRNA such as fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 was significantly lower in the S0.1 group than in the S0 group, while the expression of carnitine acyltransferase 1, acyl-CoA synthetase, and acyl-CoA dehydrogenase genes was significantly higher in the S0 group (p < 0.05). In summary, glycogen synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway were inhibited by 0.1% steroidal saponins, and glycogenolysis, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the fatty acid β-oxidation pathway were activated. This study aims to provide a reference for the formulation of grouper feeds with a higher crude-lipid level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Deng
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
| | - Guiqiong Chen
- Guangzhou Fishtech Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510640, China;
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shiwei Xie
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Weixing Liang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (H.D.); (J.Z.); (Q.Y.); (X.D.); (S.X.); (W.L.); (B.T.)
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Cai J, Yang Z, Huang Y, Jian J, Tang J. Effects of Chinese herbal medicines on growth performance, intestinal flora, immunity and serum metabolites of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatu♂). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 140:108946. [PMID: 37453492 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory roles of Chinese herbal Medicine (CHM) in aquatic animals have been well-recorded. However, how CHM impacts the intestinal microbiota and serum metabolism is not fully understood. In this study, the effects of different additive levels of CHM on the growth performance, immunity, intestinal flora and serum metabolism of hybrid grouper (♀Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂Epinephelus lanceolatu) were investigated. The addition of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0% Chinese herbal medicine compound to feed could significantly improve the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival rate (SR) of grouper, reduced feed coefficient, while had no significant difference on morphometric parameter. The most significant improvement for the parameters above was observed in 1.5% group. Different addition levels of CHM could also significantly enhance the activities of ACP, AKP, SOD, CAT and LZM in serum. Accordingly, the supplementation of CHM significantly induced up-regulation of immune genes such as IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, Nrf2, Lzm in the liver, spleen and head kidney of grouper, improved the resistance of grouper to V. harveyi as well. The intestinal flora analysis showed that at the phylum level, the main dominant species of intestinal microorganisms were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, Desulfobacterota, Fusobacteriota and Myxococcota. At the genus level, the high abundance was Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Escherichia, Romboutsia, Sphingomonas and Muribaculaceae. The abundance of probiotics (such as Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, etc) in CHM-supplement groups were higher (highest in 1.5% group) compared with control group. Moreover, a total of 11 common differential metabolic pathways were screened by LC-MS metabolism analysis of serum, they were Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, Purine metabolism, Linoleic acid, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, ABC transporters, Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, Arachidonic acid metabolism, Drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism. Also, three common differential metabolites (PI(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)/18:1(11Z)), PC(20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)/22:1(13Z)), PC(22:0/20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) associated with intestinal health, growth and disease resistance was found. These data will contributes to a comprehensive understand for the regulatory roles of CHM on fish, which is also beneficial for the disease control and sustainable development of aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Cai
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, PR China
| | - Zhenggao Yang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China
| | - Jichang Jian
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China.
| | - Jufen Tang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Control for Diseases of Aquatic Economic Animals, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China.
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Li T, Yan X, Dong X, Pan S, Tan B, Zhang S, Suo X, Huang W, Zhou M, Yang Y. Effects of choline supplementation on growth performance, liver histology, nonspecific immunity and related genes expression of hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatu) fed with high-lipid diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108815. [PMID: 37216997 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary choline levels on growth performance, liver histology, nonspecific immunity and related gene expression of hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus) fed with high-lipid diets. The fish (initial body weight 6.86 ± 0.01 g) were fed diets containing different choline levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg, named D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5, respectively) for 8 weeks. The results showed that:(1) dietary choline levels had no significant effect on final body weight (FBW), feed conversion rate (FCR), visceral somatic index(VSI) and condition factor (CF) compared with the control group (P > 0.05). However, the hepato somatic index (HSI) in the D2 group was significantly lower than that in the control group and the survival rate (SR) in the D5 group was significantly lower (P < 0.05). (2) with dietary choline level increasing, alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of serum showed a tendency to increase and then decrease, and the maximum values were obtained in the D3 group, but the contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) Immunoglobulin M (IgM), lysozyme (LYZ), catalase (CAT), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), and SOD in the liver all showed a trend of first increase and then decrease with the dietary choline level increased, and all of them achieved the maximum value at D4 group (P < 0.05), while reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (4) results from liver sections suggest that appropriate levels of choline can improve cell structure, compared with the control group, the damaged histological morphology of the liver was relieved and even returned to normal in D3 group. (5) in the D3 group, choline significantly upregulated the expression of hepatic sod and cat mRNA, whereas the expression of cat in the D5 group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05); And the supply of choline stimulated a significant down-regulation of interleukin 6 (il6), myeloid differentiation factor 8 (myd88), toll-like receptor 22 (tlr22) mRNA expression levels in liver, while the expression of cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) and interleukin 10 (il10) showed an upward and then downward trend (P < 0.05). In general, choline can improve the immunity of hybrid grouper by regulating non-specific immune-related enzyme activity and gene expression and reducing oxidative stress induced by high-lipid diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
| | - Simiao Pan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Xiangxiang Suo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Menglong Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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Arefhosseini S, Roshanravan N, Asghari S, Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. Expression of inflammatory genes, WBC-derived inflammatory biomarkers and liver function indices: Effects of myo-inositol supplementation in obese patients with NAFLD. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
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Deng H, Zhang J, Yang Q, Dong X, Zhang S, Liang W, Tan B, Chi S. Effects of Dietary Steroid Saponins on Growth Performance, Serum and Liver Glucose, Lipid Metabolism and Immune Molecules of Hybrid Groupers (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ Epinephelus lanceolatu) Fed High-Lipid Diets. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020305. [PMID: 36837925 PMCID: PMC9966350 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
High-lipid diets are attributed to excessive lipid deposition and metabolic disturbances in fish. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of steroidal saponins on growth performance, immune molecules and metabolism of glucose and lipids in hybrid groupers (initial weight 22.71 ± 0.12 g) fed high-lipid diets. steroidal saponins (0%, 0.1% and 0.2%) were added to the basal diet (crude lipid, 14%) to produce three experimental diets, designated S0, S0.1 and S0.2, respectively. After an 8-week feeding trial, no significant differences were found between the S0 and S0.1 groups in percent weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and protein deposition rate (p > 0.05). All those in the S0.2 group were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Compared to the S0 group, fish in the S0.1 group had lower contents of serum triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose (p < 0.05). The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher, and malondialdehyde contents were significantly lower in the S0.1 group than in the S0 group (p < 0.05). Hepatic triglyceride, total cholesterol and glycogen were significantly lower in the S0.1 group than in the S0 group (p < 0.05). Activities of lipoprotein lipase, total lipase, glucokinase and pyruvate kinase, and gene expression of lipoprotein lipase, triglyceride lipase and glucokinase, were significantly higher in the S0.1 group than in the S0 group. Interleukin-10 mRNA expression in the S0.1 group was significantly higher than that in the S0 group, while the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α genes were significantly lower than those in the S0 group. In summary, adding 0.1% steroidal saponins to a high-lipid diet not only promoted lipolysis in fish livers, but also activated glycolysis pathways, thus enhancing the utilization of the dietary energy of the groupers, as well as supporting the fish's nonspecial immune-defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Deng
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Qihui Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Weixing Liang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Correspondence:
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Assessing effects of guar gum viscosity on the growth, intestinal flora, and intestinal health of Micropterus salmoides. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1037-1047. [PMID: 36181882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of different viscous guar gum on the growth, intestinal flora, and intestinal health of Micropterus salmoides. Four practical diets with 42.5 % crude protein and 13.7 % crude lipid were formulated to contain 8 % cellulose and three different viscosities (2500, 5200, and 6000 mPa·s) of guar gum. Dietary guar gum inhibits fish growth and feed utilization, decreases the α-diversity of the intestinal flora, and negatively alters the intestinal flora structure and metabolite composition. High viscous guar gum down-regulated the intestinal tight junction, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic related gene's expression, decreased digesta butyrate/histamine ratio; and increased the abundance of Plesiomonas shigelloides. These results suggest that dietary guar gum adversely affects intestinal health by disrupting intestinal flora structure and metabolite composition, and that viscosity should be considered when using guar gum as a binder in aquafeeds.
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Pan S, Yan X, Li T, Suo X, Liu H, Tan B, Huang W, Yang Y, Zhang H, Dong X. Impacts of tea polyphenols on growth, antioxidant capacity and immunity in juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) fed high-lipid diets. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:348-359. [PMID: 35963561 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The experiment aimed to investigate the alteration of tea polyphenols (TP) in growth and immunity for hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) fed high-lipid diets. Six concentrations of TP (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16%, named TP1 (basic diet control), TP2, TP3, TP4, TP5, TP6) were supplied in isonitrogenous (51%) and isolipidic (16.7%) experimental diets. These diets were fed to the juvenile grouper (8.68 ± 0.22 g) for 8 weeks. The results showed that dietary TP significantly increased the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P < 0.05), compared with the control group. The protein efficiency ratio in TP4 group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). TP supplement in high-lipid diets increased antioxidant capacity in the serum (CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC) and liver (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC). Additionally, dietary TP decreased oxidative stress (ROS, MDA) and improved immunity (ACP, AKP, LYS, IgM) in the liver. The histology of hepatic tissue indicated that dietary TP alleviated pathological symptoms caused by high-lipid diets. Compared with the control group, appropriate dietary TP significantly up-regulated expression of sod, cat, gsh-px, nrf2, keap1, hsp70, hsp90, myd88, tnfα and down-regulated expression of tlr22, il8, il1β, il10 in the liver (P < 0.05). In the head kidney, expression of myd88, il1β, tnfα and il6 were significantly up-regulated and expression of tlr22 and il10 were significantly down-regulated by dietary TP (P < 0.05). After the challenge of Vibrio harveyi, survival rate in higher doses of TP group (TP4 ∼ TP6) was evidently higher, compared with the control group. In conclusion, TP supplement in high-lipid diets improved antioxidant capacity and enhanced immunity of grouper. We speculate that TP may play the role of an immunostimulant, enhancing immunity and disease resistance by cytokine-medicated immune responses. Based on the second-order regression, 0.092-0.106% tea polyphenols were recommended in juvenile grouper high-lipid diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simiao Pan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiaobo Yan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Tao Li
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Xiangxiang Suo
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Weibin Huang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China
| | - Xiaohui Dong
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524000, China.
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