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Sukkarun P, Kitiyodom S, Kamble MT, Bunnoy A, Boonanuntanasarn S, Yata T, Boonrungsiman S, Thompson KD, Rodkhum C, Pirarat N. Systemic and mucosal immune responses in red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) following immersion vaccination with a chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine against Aeromonas veronii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 146:109383. [PMID: 38246266 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
A mucoadhesive chitosan polymer-based nanoplatform has been increasingly recognized as an effective mucosal vaccine delivery system for fish. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of immersion vaccination with a chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine to elicit an immune response in serum and mucus of red tilapia and evaluate its protective efficacy after immersion challenge with a heterogenous strain of Aeromonas veronii UDRT09. Six hundred red tilapia (22 ± 1.8 g) were randomly allocated into four experimental groups: control, empty-polymeric nanoparticle (PC), formalin-killed vaccine (FKV), and chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine (CS-NV) in triplicate. The specific IgM antibody levels and their bactericidal activity were assessed in serum and mucus for 28 days after immersion vaccination and followed by immersion challenge with A. veronii. The immersion vaccine was found to be safe for red tilapia, with no mortalities occurring during the vaccination procedure. The specific IgM antibody levels and bactericidal activity against A. veronii in both serum and mucus were significantly higher in red tilapia vaccinated with CS-NV compared to the FKV and control groups at all time points. Furthermore, the serum lysozyme activity, ACH50, and total Ig levels demonstrated a significant elevation in the groups vaccinated with CS-NV compared to the FKV and control groups. Importantly, the Relative Percentage Survival (RPS) value of the CS-NV group (71 %) was significantly higher than that of the FKV (15.12 %) and PC (2.33 %) groups, respectively. This indicates that the chitosan polymer-based nanovaccine platform is an effective delivery system for the immersion vaccination of tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pimwarang Sukkarun
- Center of Excellence in Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhonsithammarat, 80240, Thailand
| | - Sirikorn Kitiyodom
- Center of Excellence in Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Manoj Tukaram Kamble
- Center of Excellence in Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn
- School of Animal Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Kim D Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Nopadon Pirarat
- Center of Excellence in Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Cao Y, Liu J, Liu G, Du H, Liu T, Liu T, Li P, Yu Q, Wang G, Wang E. A nanocarrier immersion vaccine encoding surface immunogenic protein confers cross-immunoprotection against Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae infection in tilapia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 144:109267. [PMID: 38043875 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcosis is a highly contagious aquatic bacterial disease that poses a significant threat to tilapia. Vaccination is a well-known effective measure to prevent and control fish bacterial diseases. Among the various immunization methods, immersion vaccination is simple and can be widely used in aquaculture. Besides, nanocarrier delivery technology has been reported as an effective solution to improve the immune effect of immersion vaccine. In this study, the surface immunogenic protein (Sip) was proved to be conserved and potential to provide cross-immunoprotection for both Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) and Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) by multiple sequences alignment and Western blotting analysis. On this basis, we expressed and obtained the recombinant protein rSip and connected it with functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT) to construct the nanocarrier vaccine system CNT-rSip. After immersion immunization, the immune effect of CNT-rSip against above two streptococcus infections was evaluated in tilapia based on some aspects including the serum specific antibody level, non-specific enzyme activities, immune-related genes expression and relative percent survival (RPS) after bacteria challenge. The results showed that compared with control group, CNT-rSip significantly (P < 0.05) increased the serum antibody levels, related enzyme activities including acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme and total antioxidant capacity activities, as well as the expression levels of immune-related genes from 2 to 4 weeks post immunization (wpi), and all these indexes peaked at 3 wpi. Besides, the above indexes of CNT-rSip were higher than those of rSip group with different extend during the experiment. Furthermore, the challenge test indicated that CNT-rSip provided cross-immunoprotection against S. agalactiae and S. iniae infection with RPS of 75 % and 72.41 %, respectively, which were much higher than those of other groups. Our study indicated that the nanocarrier immersion vaccine CNT-rSip could significantly improve the antibody titer and confer cross-immuneprotection against S. agalactiae and S. iniae infection in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cao
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Gaoyang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Du
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tianqiang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Erlong Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Thompson KD, Rodkhum C, Bunnoy A, Thangsunan P, Kitiyodom S, Sukkarun P, Yostawornkul J, Yata T, Pirarat N. Addressing Nanovaccine Strategies for Tilapia. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1356. [PMID: 37631924 PMCID: PMC10459980 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia is the world's most extensively farmed species after carp. It is an attractive species for aquaculture as it grows quickly, reaching harvest size within six to seven months of production, and provides an important source of food and revenue for many low-income families, especially in low- to middle-income countries. The expansion of tilapia aquaculture has resulted in an intensification of farming systems, and this has been associated with increased disease outbreaks caused by various pathogens, mostly bacterial and viral agents. Vaccination is routinely used to control disease in higher-value finfish species, such as Atlantic salmon. At the same time, many tilapia farmers are often unwilling to vaccinate their fish by injection once the fish have been moved to their grow-out site. Alternative vaccination strategies are needed to help tilapia farmers accept and use vaccines. There is increasing interest in nanoparticle-based vaccines as alternative methods for delivering vaccines to fish, especially for oral and immersion administration. They can potentially improve vaccine efficacy through the controlled release of antigens, protecting antigens from premature proteolytic degradation in the gastric tract, and facilitating antigen uptake and processing by antigen-presenting cells. They can also allow targeted delivery of the vaccine at mucosal sites. This review provides a brief overview of the bacterial and viral diseases affecting tilapia aquaculture and vaccine strategies for farmed tilapia. It focuses on the use of nanovaccines to improve the acceptance and uptake of vaccines by tilapia farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim D. Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Patcharapong Thangsunan
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (C.R.); (P.T.)
| | - Sirikorn Kitiyodom
- Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.Y.); (N.P.)
| | - Pimwarang Sukkarun
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Nakhon Si Thammarat 90000, Thailand;
| | - Jakarwan Yostawornkul
- Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.Y.); (N.P.)
| | - Teerapong Yata
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Nopadon Pirarat
- Wildlife, Exotic and Aquatic Animal Pathology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (S.K.); (J.Y.); (N.P.)
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Cao Y, Liu J, Liu G, Du H, Liu T, Wang G, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Wang E. Exploring the Immunoprotective Potential of a Nanocarrier Immersion Vaccine Encoding Sip against Streptococcus Infection in Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1262. [PMID: 37515077 PMCID: PMC10383804 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11071262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia, as one of the fish widely cultured around the world, is suffering severe impact from the streptococcus disease with the deterioration of the breeding environment and the increasing of breeding density, which brings serious economic loss to tilapia farming. In this study, the surface immunogenic protein (Sip) of Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) was selected as the potential candidate antigen and connected with bacterial nano cellulose (BNC) to construct the nanocarrier subunit vaccine (BNC-rSip), and the immersion immune effects against S. agalactiae and Streptococcus iniae (S. iniae) in Nile tilapia were evaluated on the basis of the serum antibody level, non-specific enzyme activity, the immune-related gene expression and relative percent survival (RPS). The results indicated that Sip possessed the expected immunogenicity according to the immunoinformatic analysis. Compared with the rSip group, BNC-rSip significantly induced serum antibody production and improved the innate immunity level of tilapia. After challenge, the RPS of BNC-rSip groups were 78.95% (S. agalactiae) and 67.86% (S. iniae), which were both higher than those of rSip groups,31.58% (S. agalactiae) and 35.71% (S. iniae), respectively. Our study indicated that BNC-rSip can induce protective immunity for tilapia through immersion immunization and may be an ideal candidate vaccine for controlling tilapia streptococcal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Cao
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Gaoyang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hui Du
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Tianqiang Liu
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Gaoxue Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China
| | - Erlong Wang
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518000, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Lertwanakarn T, Khemthong M, Tattiyapong P, Surachetpong W. The Modulation of Immune Responses in Tilapinevirus tilapiae-Infected Fish Cells through MAPK/ERK Signalling. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040900. [PMID: 37112880 PMCID: PMC10144228 DOI: 10.3390/v15040900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a novel RNA virus that has been causing substantial economic losses across the global tilapia industry. Despite extensive research on potential vaccines and disease control methods, the understanding of this viral infection and the associated host cell responses remains incomplete. In this study, the involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway in the early stages of TiLV infection was investigated. The results showed a distinct pattern of ERK phosphorylation (p-ERK) upon TiLV infection in two fish cell lines, E-11 and TiB. Specifically, the p-ERK levels in the TiB cells decreased substantially, while the p-ERK levels in the E-11 cells remained constant. Interestingly, a large number of cytopathic effects were observed in the infected E-11 cells but none in the infected TiB cells. Furthermore, when p-ERK was suppressed using the inhibitor PD0325901, a significant reduction in the TiLV load and decrease in the mx and rsad2 gene expression levels were observed in the TiB cells in days 1–7 following infection. These findings highlight the role of the MAPK/ERK signalling pathway and provide new insights into the cellular mechanisms during TiLV infection that could be useful in developing new strategies to control this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuchakorn Lertwanakarn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Matepiya Khemthong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Puntanut Tattiyapong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Win Surachetpong
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Kembou-Ringert JE, Steinhagen D, Readman J, Daly JM, Adamek M. Tilapia Lake Virus Vaccine Development: A Review on the Recent Advances. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020251. [PMID: 36851129 PMCID: PMC9961428 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tilapia tilapinevirus (or tilapia lake virus, TiLV) is a recently emerging virus associated with a novel disease affecting and decimating tilapia populations around the world. Since its initial identification, TiLV has been reported in 17 countries, often causing mortalities as high as 90% in the affected populations. To date, no therapeutics or commercial vaccines exist for TiLV disease control. Tilapia exposed to TiLV can develop protective immunity, suggesting that vaccination is achievable. Given the important role of vaccination in fish farming, several vaccine strategies are currently being explored and put forward against TiLV but, a comprehensive overview on the efficacy of these platforms is lacking. We here present these approaches in relation with previously developed fish vaccines and discuss their efficacy, vaccine administration routes, and the various factors that can impact vaccine efficacy. The overall recent advances in TiLV vaccine development show different but promising levels of protection. The field is however hampered by the lack of knowledge of the biology of TiLV, notably the function of its genes. Further research and the incorporation of several approaches including prime-boost vaccine regimens, codon optimization, or reverse vaccinology would be beneficial to increase the effectiveness of vaccines targeting TiLV and are further discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japhette E. Kembou-Ringert
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Correspondence: (J.E.K.-R.); (M.A.)
| | - Dieter Steinhagen
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - John Readman
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Janet M. Daly
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Mikolaj Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany
- Correspondence: (J.E.K.-R.); (M.A.)
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