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Paankhao N, Sangsawang A, Kantha P, Paankhao S, Promsee K, Soontara C, Kongsriprapan S, Srisapoome P, Kumwan B, Meachasompop P, Phrompanya P, Buncharoen W, Uchuwittayakul A. Antioxidant and antibacterial efficiency of the ethanolic leaf extract of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil) and its effects on growth, health, and disease resistance against Edwardsiella tarda infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 152:109771. [PMID: 39025168 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The research examined the impact of an ethanolic extract from the leaves of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.) on the growth, antioxidant capacity, immune-related gene expression, and resistance to disease caused by Edwardsiella tarda in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The findings revealed that the extract had the important phytochemical content in the extract included total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, vitamin C, and total antioxidant capacity and 5.42 % of the crude extract was mitragynine. The extract demonstrated antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its IC50 values against ABTS and DPPH radicals and its ferric reducing power in vitro. Moreover, the MIC-IC50 value of 0.625 mg/mL indicated that the growth of the bacteria was reduced by approximately 50 %, and the MBC was 2.50 mg/mL against E. tarda. Furthermore, the orally administered Kratom leaf extract to fingerling tilapia for 8 weeks exhibited a noticeable increase in oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the increase in MDA production in the 10 and 25 g/kg groups. It also exhibited an increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in muscle tissue at the 50 g/kg group. However, when administered at a feeding rate of 5-10 g/kg feed, the extract showed an increase in the expression of immune-related genes (IL1, IL6, IL8, NF-kB, IFNγ, TNFα, Mx, CC-chemokine, CD4, TCRβ, MHC-IIβ, IgM, IgT, IgD) and enhanced resistance to E. tarda infection in fish. Conversely, administering the extract at 25-50 g/kg feed resulted in contrasting effects, suppressing and reducing the observed parameters. Nevertheless, feeding the extract at all concentrations for 8 weeks did not produce any changes in the histology or systemic functioning of the liver and intestines, as indicated by blood biochemistry. These findings suggest that the ethanolic leaf extract from Kratom has the potential to be used as a substitute for antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections in Nile tilapia culture, with a recommended dosage of 5-10 g/kg feed/day for a maximum of 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthapong Paankhao
- Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
| | - Akkarasiri Sangsawang
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Phunsin Kantha
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Suwinai Paankhao
- Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
| | - Kittipong Promsee
- Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
| | - Chayanit Soontara
- Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand.
| | - Sopanat Kongsriprapan
- Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Si Racha Campus, Si Racha, Chonburi, 20230, Thailand.
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Benchawan Kumwan
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pakapon Meachasompop
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Phornphan Phrompanya
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Wararut Buncharoen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Anurak Uchuwittayakul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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Uchuwittayakul A, Thangsunan P, Thangsunan P, Rodkhum C, Srisapoome P. Molecular structure and functional responses of IgM, IgT and IgD to Flavobacterium covae and Streptococcus iniae infection in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109823. [PMID: 39122096 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) faces significant disease threats, which are exacerbated by intensive farming practices and environmental changes. Therefore, understanding its immune system is crucial. The current study presents a comprehensive analysis of immune-related genes in Asian seabass peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) using Iso-seq technology, identifying 16 key pathways associated with 7,857 immune-related genes, comprising 634 unique immune-related genes. The research marks the first comprehensive report on the entire immunoglobulin repertoire in Asian seabass, revealing specific characteristics of immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region transcripts, including IgM (Cμ, ighm), IgT (Cτ, ight), and IgD (Cδ, ighd). The study confirms the presence of membrane-bound form, ighmmb, ightmb, ighdmb of IgM, IgT and IgD and secreted form, ighmsc and ightsc of IgM and IgT, respectively, with similar structural patterns and conserved features in amino acids across immunoglobulin molecules, including cysteine residues crucial for structural integrity observed in other teleost species. In response to bacterial infections by Flavobacterium covae (formerly F. columnare genomovar II) and Streptococcus iniae, both secreted and membrane-bound forms of IgM (ighmmb and ighmsc) and IgT (ightmb and ightsc) show significant expression, indicating their roles in systemic and mucosal immunity. The expression of membrane-bound form IgD gene, ighdmb, predominantly exhibits targeted upregulation in PBLs, suggesting a regulatory role in B cell-mediated immunity. The findings underscore the dynamic and tissue-specific expression of immunoglobulin repertoires, ighmmb, ighmsc, ightmb, ightsc and ighdmb in Asian seabass, indicating a sophisticated immune response to bacterial pathogens. These findings have practical implications for fish aquaculture, and disease control strategies, serving as a valuable resource for advancing research in Asian seabass immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurak Uchuwittayakul
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management (CE AAHM), Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Pattanapong Thangsunan
- Division of Biochemistry and Biochemical Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, and Research Laboratory on Advanced Materials for Sensor and Biosensor Innovation, Material Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Patcharapong Thangsunan
- Division of Biochemistry and Biochemical Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management (CE AAHM), Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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Jafarzadeh F, Roomiani L, Dezfoulnejad MC, Baboli MJ, Sary AA. Harnessing paraprobiotics and postbiotics for enhanced immune function in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer): Insights into pattern recognition receptor signaling. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 151:109725. [PMID: 38925448 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer, is a key species in Asian aquaculture due to its nutritional value and adaptability. However, disease outbreaks, particularly viral and bacterial infections, pose significant challenges to its production. Immunostimulants offer promising solutions but raise safety concerns. Paraprobiotics and postbiotics (CPP) emerge as safer alternatives, exerting health benefits without live microorganisms. This study investigated the potential of probiotic paraprobiotic and postbiotic supplements derived from Bacillus subtilis to enhance the immune response and antioxidant capacity of Asian seabass and improve their resistance to Streptococcus iniae infection. Analysis of antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation revealed significant improvements in fish supplemented with CPP, indicating their effectiveness in mitigating oxidative stress. Immunological assays demonstrated enhanced growth performance and serum immunity, including increased alternative complement activity, immunoglobulin levels, and phagocytic activity, in supplemented fish. Furthermore, upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) and pattern recognition receptors (NLRC3, TLR22, MDA5) in immune tissues. Fish supplemented with CPP exhibited higher resistance and survival rates against S. iniae infection challenge compared to control groups. The study elucidates the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of CPP, shedding light on their potential applications in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Jafarzadeh
- Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Laleh Roomiani
- Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Lan NGT, Dong HT, Shinn AP, Vinh NT, Senapin S, Salin KR, Rodkhum C. Review of current perspectives and future outlook on bacterial disease prevention through vaccination in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13964. [PMID: 38798108 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer, is an important aquatic species in mariculture. Intensive farming of this species has faced episodes of bacterial diseases, including those due to vibriosis, scale drop, and muscle necrosis disease, big belly disease, photobacteriosis, columnaris, streptococcosis, aeromoniasis, and tenacibaculosis. Vaccination is one of the most efficient, non-antibiotic, and eco-friendly strategies for protecting fish against bacterial diseases, contributing to aquaculture expansion and ensuring food security. As of now, although numerous vaccines have undergone laboratory research, only one commercially available inactivated vaccine, suitable for both immersion and injection administration, is accessible for preventing Streptococcus iniae. Several key challenges in developing vaccines for Asian seabass must be addressed, such as the current limited understanding of immunological responses to vaccines, the costs associated with vaccine production, forms, and routes of vaccine application, and how to increase the adoption of vaccines by farmers. The future of vaccine development for the Asian seabass industry, therefore, is discussed with these key critical issues in mind. The focus is on improving our understanding of Asian seabass immunity, including maternal immunity, immunocompetence, and immune responses post-vaccination, as well as developing tools to assess vaccine effectiveness. The need for an alignment of fish vaccines with state-of-the-art vaccine technologies employed in human and terrestrial animal healthcare is also discussed. This review also discusses the necessity of providing locally-produced autogenous vaccines, especially for immersion and oral vaccines, to benefit small-scale fish farmers, and the potential benefits that might be extended through changes to current husbandry practices such as the vaccination of broodstock and earlier life stages of their off-spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Giang Thu Lan
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Ha Thanh Dong
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Nguyen Tien Vinh
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Fish Heath Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krishna R Salin
- Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Chokmangmeepisarn P, Senapin S, Taengphu S, Thompson KD, Srisapoome P, Uchuwittayakul A, Rodkhum C. Protective efficiency and immune responses to single and booster doses of formalin-inactivated scale drop disease virus (SDDV) vaccine in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:267. [PMID: 38902724 PMCID: PMC11188277 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scale drop disease virus (SDDV) threatens Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) aquaculture production by causing scale drop disease (SDD) in Asian seabass. Research on the development of SDDV vaccines is missing an in-depth examination of long-term immunity and the immune reactions it provokes. This study investigated the long-term immune protection and responses elicited by an SDDV vaccine. The research evaluated the effectiveness of a formalin-inactivated SDDV vaccine (SDDV-FIV) using both prime and prime-booster vaccination strategies in Asian seabass. Three groups were used: control (unvaccinated), single-vaccination (prime only), and booster (prime and booster). SDDV-FIV was administered via intraperitoneal route, with a booster dose given 28 days post-initial vaccination. RESULTS The immune responses in vaccinated fish (single and booster groups) showed that SDDV-FIV triggered both SDDV-specific IgM and total IgM production. SDDV-specific IgM levels were evident until 28 days post-vaccination (dpv) in the single vaccination group, while an elevated antibody response was maintained in the booster group until 70 dpv. The expression of immune-related genes (dcst, mhc2a1, cd4, ighm, cd8, il8, ifng, and mx) in the head kidney and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of vaccinated and challenged fish were significantly upregulated within 1-3 dpv and post-SDDV challenge. Fish were challenged with SDDV at 42 dpv (challenge 1) and 70 dpv (challenge 2). In the first challenge, the group that received booster vaccinations demonstrated notably higher survival rates than the control group (60% versus 20%, P < 0.05). However, in the second challenge, while there was an observable trend towards improved survival rates for the booster group compared to controls (42% versus 25%), these differences did not reach statistical significance (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the SDDV-FIV vaccine effectively stimulates both humoral and cellular immune responses against SDDV. Booster vaccination enhances this response and improves survival rates up to 42 dpv. CONCLUSIONS This research provides valuable insights into the development of efficient SDDV vaccines and aids in advancing strategies for immune modulation to enhance disease management in the aquaculture of Asian seabass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putita Chokmangmeepisarn
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Saengchan Senapin
- Fish Health Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Nueng, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Taengphu
- Fish Health Platform, Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kim D Thompson
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Uchuwittayakul
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
| | - Channarong Rodkhum
- Center of Excellence in Fish Infectious Diseases (CE FID), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Kirmaier A, Blackshear L, Lee MSL, Kirby JE. Cellulitis and bacteremia caused by the fish pathogen,Streptococcus iniae, in an immunocompromised patient: Case report and mini-review of zoonotic disease, lab identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:116189. [PMID: 38278004 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a fish pathogen that can also infect mammals including dolphins and humans. Its prevalence in farmed fish, particularly tilapia, provides potential for zoonotic infections, as documented by multiple case reports. Systematic clinical data beyond cellulitis for S. iniae infection in humans, including antimicrobial susceptibility data, are unfortunately rare. Here, we present a case of cellulitis progressing to bacteremia caused by Streptococcus iniae in a functionally immunocompromised patient based on CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy, and we discuss risk factors, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility of this rare pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kirmaier
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leslie Blackshear
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Shou Lun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James E Kirby
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Muangrerk C, Uchuwittayakul A, Srisapoome P. Identification, Expression and Antimicrobial Functional Analysis of Interleukin-8 (IL-8) in Response to Streptococcus iniae and Flavobacterium covae in Asian Seabass ( Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790). Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:475. [PMID: 38338118 PMCID: PMC10854937 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research, the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) was shown to play a key role in inflammatory responses in fish. This study involved the cloning of the gene that encodes IL-8 in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) as well as analyses of its expression and function in this fish. The expression levels of LcIL-8 indicated that it was broadly expressed in most analyzed tissues, with the most predominant expression in the whole blood 6 to 24 h after infection with S. iniae at concentrations of 105 colony-forming units (CFU)/fish (p < 0.05). After fish were immersed in F. covae, the LcIL-8 transcript was upregulated in the gills, liver and intestine, and the highest expression level was observed in the gills. However, LcIL-8 was downregulated in all the tested tissues at 48 and 96 h after infection with the two pathogenic strains, indicating that Lc-IL8 has a short half-life during the early immune responses to pathogens. Moreover, the MIC of the rLcIL-8 protein against S. iniae was 10.42 ± 3.61 µg/mL. Furthermore, functional analyses clearly demonstrated that 10 and 100 µg of the rLcIL-8 protein efficiently enhanced the phagocytic activity of Asian seabass phagocytes in vitro (p < 0.05). Additionally, in vivo injection of S. iniae following the rLcIL-8 protein indicated that 50 and 100 µg of rLc-IL-8 were highly effective in protecting fish from this pathogen (p < 0.001). The obtained results demonstrate that rLcIL-8 possesses a biological function in the defense against bacterial infections in Asian seabass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chayanee Muangrerk
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (C.M.); (A.U.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Uchuwittayakul
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (C.M.); (A.U.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (C.M.); (A.U.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Meachasompop P, Bunnoy A, Keaswejjareansuk W, Dechbumroong P, Namdee K, Srisapoome P. Development of Immersion and Oral Bivalent Nanovaccines for Streptococcosis and Columnaris Disease Prevention in Fry and Fingerling Asian Seabass ( Lates calcarifer) Nursery Farms. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:17. [PMID: 38250830 PMCID: PMC10818643 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, chitosan-based bivalent nanovaccines of S. iniae and F. covae were administered by immersion vaccination at 30 and 40 days after hatching (DAH), and the third vaccination was orally administered by feeding at 50 DAH. ELISA revealed that the levels of total IgM and specific IgM to S. iniae and F. covae were significantly elevated in all vaccinated groups at 10, 20, and 30 days after vaccination (DAV). A qRT-PCR analysis of immune-related genes revealed significantly higher IgT expression in the vaccinated groups compared to the control group, as revealed by 44-100-fold changes in the vaccinated groups compared to the control (p < 0.001) at every tested time point after vaccination. All vaccinated groups expressed IgM, MHCIIα, and TCRα at significantly higher levels than the control group at 10 and/or 20 DAV (p < 0.05). In the S. iniae challenge tests, the survival of vaccinated groups ranged from 62.15 ± 2.11 to 75.70 ± 3.36%, which significantly differed from that of the control group (44.44 ± 1.92%). Similarly, all vaccinated groups showed higher survival rates of 68.89 ± 3.85 to 77.78 ± 5.09% during F. covae challenge than the control groups (50.00 ± 3.33%) (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakapon Meachasompop
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.M.); (A.B.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.M.); (A.B.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wisawat Keaswejjareansuk
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; (W.K.); (P.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Piroonrat Dechbumroong
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; (W.K.); (P.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Katawut Namdee
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand; (W.K.); (P.D.); (K.N.)
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (P.M.); (A.B.)
- Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd., Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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