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Ferrer L, Gaillardin F, Cayuela A, Hernando C, Muñoz R, Sánchez N, Forero CG, Ronda E, Casabona J. [Health status among immigrant in Catalonia from a gender perspective: PELFI project]. GACETA SANITARIA 2021; 36:368-375. [PMID: 33896656 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to assess the health status of immigrant men and women from non-EU countries living in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) and to identify the social determinants of health from a gender perspective. METHOD Cross-sectional analysis from a cohort of immigrant families recruited in Badalona and Santa Coloma de Gramenet, in Spain (PELFI cohort). In 2015-2016, 167 immigrants answered the baseline epidemiological questionnaire and the 5-level EuroQol instrument (EQ-5D) which measures health status. To identify health determinants, Tobit models were constructed to the EQ-5D index. RESULTS Women rated poorer self-perceived health (p=0.005). To be diagnosed with and illness was only associated with poor self-perceived health among men (p<0.05). Length of residence, domestic work, and especially double workload deteriorated women's health. After adjusting models by demographics and social determinants, permanent administrative status (-0.136; p=0.015) and social support (0.182; p=0.02) were associated with health status in both sexes. To have a job was associated with better health only in men. CONCLUSIONS Non-EU immigrants living in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona are a socially vulnerable group of population and present inequalities in health by sex. Social support and occupation are key factors of their health status. Interventions to reduce immigrant vulnerabilities and inequalities in health should promote their social inclusion and cohesion from a gender perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Ferrer
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics de les ITS/VIH/SIDA de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Fundació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España.
| | - Florianne Gaillardin
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics de les ITS/VIH/SIDA de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Institut d'Investigació Fundació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España
| | - Ana Cayuela
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - Cristina Hernando
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics de les ITS/VIH/SIDA de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Institut d'Investigació Fundació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España
| | - Rafael Muñoz
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics de les ITS/VIH/SIDA de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Grupo de Investigación en Detección Precoz del Cáncer, Programa IDIBELL, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, España
| | - Néstor Sánchez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, España
| | - Carlos G Forero
- Facultad de Medicina, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, España
| | - Elena Ronda
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España
| | - Jordi Casabona
- Centre d'Estudis Epidemiològics de les ITS/VIH/SIDA de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Badalona, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Institut d'Investigació Fundació Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia, Ginecología y Medicina Preventiva, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, España
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Intercultural Communication between Long-Stay Immigrants and Catalan Primary Care Nurses: A Qualitative Approach to Rebalancing Power. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062851. [PMID: 33799637 PMCID: PMC7999544 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a gap between the preferences of immigrant patients and their experiences with intercultural communication. This study aims to explore the experiences and perspectives of long-stay immigrants on intercultural communication in encounters with primary care (PC) nurses. Participants were selected by purposive sampling at the Maresme Primary Care Center. A focus group and five in-depth interviews with long-stay immigrants from eight countries were carried out. Data collection was guided by a script previously validated by a group of experts. We conducted a qualitative analysis following Charmaz's approach, and data saturation was reached with 11 patients (one focus group and five interviews). Long-stay immigrants would like closer and more personalized communication exchanges with greater humanity, as well as polite and respectful manners as they perceive signs of an asymmetrical care relationship. Those who had negative communication experiences tried to justify some of the behaviors as a result of having free access to public health services. This is one of the few existing studies from the point of view of long-stay immigrants. Achieving effective intercultural communication requires a process of self-reflection, awareness-raising and commitment, both on a personal and institutional level, to eliminate the asymmetry in the nurse-patient relationship. Nurses should be trained in person-centered intercultural communication.
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Benazizi I, Ferrer-Serret L, Martínez-Martínez JM, Ronda-Pérez E, Casabona I Barbarà J. [Factors that influence the diet and eating habits of Chinese immigrant population in Catalonia (Spain)]. GACETA SANITARIA 2019; 35:12-20. [PMID: 31901367 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize the diet and eating habits of adult immigrants of Chinese origin residing in Santa Coloma de Gramenet (Barcelona, Spain), and to identify the factors that influence the changes in diet and eating habits. METHOD Qualitative study conducted in 2017 through a discussion group with eight adults of Chinese origin (one man and seven women). The information was complemented by five interviews with key informants (three men and two women) and non-participant observation in health promotion workshops aimed at Chinese patients of a health center in Santa Coloma de Gramenet. RESULTS Chinese adults made three meals a day and tended to snack between meals. Their diet was based on rice, soy and proteins of vegetable origin. Participants rarely consumed milk and milk derivatives but highlighted their consumption of snacks, sugary drinks and pastries, as well as the incorporation of foods, new dishes and cooking techniques from the host country. The Chinese immigrants tried to maintain their diet of origin, however there were various barriers to this, such as the preference of the local diet by the children, work schedules and lack of time. CONCLUSIONS A tendency towards dietary acculturation is observed among the participants. Health promotion activities aimed at Chinese families are needed to improve aspects of their diet and eating habits, aiming to reduce the consumption of snacks and sugary products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Benazizi
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España.
| | - Laia Ferrer-Serret
- Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual y Sida en Cataluña (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (Barcelona), España
| | - José Miguel Martínez-Martínez
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España; Servicio de Investigación y Análisis IT/EP, MC Mutual, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Estadística, Universidad Técnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, España
| | - Elena Ronda-Pérez
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Centro de Investigación en Salud Ocupacional (CISAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, España
| | - Jordi Casabona I Barbarà
- Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual y Sida en Cataluña (CEEISCAT), Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España; Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona (Barcelona), España; Departamento de Pediatría, Obstetricia y Ginecología, y Medicina Preventiva, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona (Barcelona), España
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