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Bonato P, Feipel V, Corniani G, Arin-Bal G, Leardini A. Position paper on how technology for human motion analysis and relevant clinical applications have evolved over the past decades: Striking a balance between accuracy and convenience. Gait Posture 2024; 113:191-203. [PMID: 38917666 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the past decades, tremendous technological advances have emerged in human motion analysis (HMA). RESEARCH QUESTION How has technology for analysing human motion evolved over the past decades, and what clinical applications has it enabled? METHODS The literature on HMA has been extensively reviewed, focusing on three main approaches: Fully-Instrumented Gait Analysis (FGA), Wearable Sensor Analysis (WSA), and Deep-Learning Video Analysis (DVA), considering both technical and clinical aspects. RESULTS FGA techniques relying on data collected using stereophotogrammetric systems, force plates, and electromyographic sensors have been dramatically improved providing highly accurate estimates of the biomechanics of motion. WSA techniques have been developed with the advances in data collection at home and in community settings. DVA techniques have emerged through artificial intelligence, which has marked the last decade. Some authors have considered WSA and DVA techniques as alternatives to "traditional" HMA techniques. They have suggested that WSA and DVA techniques are destined to replace FGA. SIGNIFICANCE We argue that FGA, WSA, and DVA complement each other and hence should be accounted as "synergistic" in the context of modern HMA and its clinical applications. We point out that DVA techniques are especially attractive as screening techniques, WSA methods enable data collection in the home and community for extensive periods of time, and FGA does maintain superior accuracy and should be the preferred technique when a complete and highly accurate biomechanical data is required. Accordingly, we envision that future clinical applications of HMA would favour screening patients using DVA in the outpatient setting. If deemed clinically appropriate, then WSA would be used to collect data in the home and community to derive relevant information. If accurate kinetic data is needed, then patients should be referred to specialized centres where an FGA system is available, together with medical imaging and thorough clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bonato
- Dept of PM&R, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Véronique Feipel
- Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Laboratory of Anatomy, Biomechanics and Organogenesis, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giulia Corniani
- Dept of PM&R, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Gamze Arin-Bal
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey; Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alberto Leardini
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Romero-Sorozábal P, Delgado-Oleas G, Laudanski AF, Gutiérrez Á, Rocon E. Novel Methods for Personalized Gait Assistance: Three-Dimensional Trajectory Prediction Based on Regression and LSTM Models. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:352. [PMID: 38921232 PMCID: PMC11202090 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing human-robot interaction has been a primary focus in robotic gait assistance, with a thorough understanding of human motion being crucial for personalizing gait assistance. Traditional gait trajectory references from Clinical Gait Analysis (CGA) face limitations due to their inability to account for individual variability. Recent advancements in gait pattern generators, integrating regression models and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques, have aimed at providing more personalized and dynamically adaptable solutions. This article introduces a novel approach that expands regression and ANN applications beyond mere angular estimations to include three-dimensional spatial predictions. Unlike previous methods, our approach provides comprehensive spatial trajectories for hip, knee and ankle tailored to individual kinematics, significantly enhancing end-effector rehabilitation robotic devices. Our models achieve state-of-the-art accuracy: overall RMSE of 13.40 mm and a correlation coefficient of 0.92 for the regression model, and RMSE of 12.57 mm and a correlation of 0.99 for the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model. These advancements underscore the potential of these models to offer more personalized gait trajectory assistance, improving human-robot interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Romero-Sorozábal
- BioRobotics, Centro de Automática y Robótica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (CSIC-UPM), 28500 Madrid, Spain; (P.R.-S.); (G.D.-O.); (E.R.)
| | - Gabriel Delgado-Oleas
- BioRobotics, Centro de Automática y Robótica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (CSIC-UPM), 28500 Madrid, Spain; (P.R.-S.); (G.D.-O.); (E.R.)
- Ingeniería Electrónica, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca 010107, Ecuador
| | - Annemarie F. Laudanski
- Faculties of Engineering and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada;
| | - Álvaro Gutiérrez
- ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Rocon
- BioRobotics, Centro de Automática y Robótica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas–Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (CSIC-UPM), 28500 Madrid, Spain; (P.R.-S.); (G.D.-O.); (E.R.)
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Pitman J, Shannon J, MacLellan MJ, Vallis LA. Visual cue spatial context affects performance of anticipatory postural adjustments. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 95:103210. [PMID: 38531224 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Past research indicates that anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) errors may be due to the incorrect selection of responses to visual stimuli. In the current study we used the Simon task as a methodological tool to challenge the response selection stage of processing by presenting visual cues with conflicting spatial context; in this case generating a step response to a left pointing arrow which appears to the participant's right side or vice versa. We expected greater mediolateral APA errors, delayed APA and step onset times, and greater lateral CoP displacement prior to stepping for visual cues with incongruent spatial contexts compared to cues with congruent. Thirteen healthy young adults completed step initiation trials (n = 40) from a force platform while whole-body kinematic motion was tracked. Participants were presented with arrows pointing to the left or right, indicating to step with the left or right limb, respectively. These arrows were presented on the same side as the desired step direction (congruent) or the opposite side (incongruent). Results revealed that incongruent trials resulted in significantly more incidences of mediolateral APA errors and greater mediolateral CoP deviations during the APA compared to congruent visual cue context trials. No effects were observed for the temporal outcomes, suggesting that young adults can maintain temporal execution of steps despite these motor control errors. This study demonstrates that the spatial context of visual information significantly impacts the success of response selection processes during step initiation, furthering our knowledge of how humans integrate visual information to initiate whole body movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Pitman
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Julia Shannon
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Michael J MacLellan
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
| | - Lori Ann Vallis
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada.
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Di Pietro A, Bersani A, Curreli C, Di Puccio F. AST: An OpenSim-based tool for the automatic scaling of generic musculoskeletal models. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108524. [PMID: 38688126 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The paper introduces a tool called Automatic Scaling Tool (AST) designed for improving and expediting musculoskeletal (MSK) simulations based on generic models in OpenSim. Scaling is a crucial initial step in MSK analyses, involving the correction of virtual marker locations on a model to align with actual experimental markers. METHODS The AST automates this process by iteratively adjusting virtual markers using scaling and inverse kinematics on a static trial. It evaluates the root mean square error (RMSE) and maximum marker error, implementing corrective actions until achieving the desired accuracy level. The tool determines whether to scale a segment with a marker-based or constant scaling factor based on checks on RMSE and segment scaling factors. RESULTS Testing on three generic MSK models demonstrated that the AST significantly outperformed manual scaling by an expert operator. The RMSE for static trials was one order of magnitude lower, and for gait tasks, it was five times lower (8.5 ± 0.76 mm vs. 44.5 ± 7.5 mm). The AST consistently achieved the desired level of accuracy in less than 100 iterations, providing reliable scaled MSK models within a relatively brief timeframe, ranging from minutes to hours depending on model complexity. CONCLUSIONS The paper concludes that AST can greatly benefit the biomechanical community by quickly and accurately scaling generic models, a critical first step in MSK analyses. Further validation through additional experimental datasets and generic models is proposed for future tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Pietro
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alex Bersani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Italy; Medical Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Curreli
- Medical Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Puccio
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Italy; Center for Rehabilitative Medicine "Sport and Anatomy", University of Pisa, Italy
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Riglet L, Delphin C, Claquesin L, Orliac B, Ornetti P, Laroche D, Gueugnon M. 3D motion analysis dataset of healthy young adult volunteers walking and running on overground and treadmill. Sci Data 2024; 11:556. [PMID: 38816523 PMCID: PMC11139954 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03420-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Used on clinical and sportive context, three-dimensional motion analysis is considered as the gold standard in the biomechanics field. The proposed dataset has been established on 30 asymptomatic young participants. Volunteers were asked to walk at slow, comfortable and fast speeds, and to run at comfortable and fast speeds on overground and treadmill using shoes. Three dimensional trajectories of 63 reflective markers, 3D ground reaction forces and moments were simultaneously recorded. A total of 4840 and 18159 gait cycles were measured for overground and treadmill walking, respectively. Additionally, 2931 and 18945 cycles were measured for overground and treadmill running, respectively. The dataset is presented in C3D and CSV files either in raw or pre-processed format. The aim of this dataset is to provide a complete set of data that will help for the gait characterization during clinical gait analysis and in a sportive context. This data could be used for the creation of a baseline database for clinical purposes to research activities exploring the gait and the run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Riglet
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France.
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France.
| | - Corentin Delphin
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Lauranne Claquesin
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Baptiste Orliac
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Paul Ornetti
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- INSERM, UMR1093-CAPS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UB, 21000, Dijon, France
- Rheumatology department, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, 21000, Dijon, France
- Collaborative Research Network STARTER, Innovative Strategies and Artificial Intelligence for Motor Function Rehabilitation and Autonomy Preservation, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Davy Laroche
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France
- INSERM, UMR1093-CAPS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UB, 21000, Dijon, France
- Collaborative Research Network STARTER, Innovative Strategies and Artificial Intelligence for Motor Function Rehabilitation and Autonomy Preservation, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Mathieu Gueugnon
- INSERM, CIC 1432, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France.
- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Module Plurithématique, Plateforme d'Investigation Technologique, 21000, Dijon, France.
- INSERM, UMR1093-CAPS, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UB, 21000, Dijon, France.
- Collaborative Research Network STARTER, Innovative Strategies and Artificial Intelligence for Motor Function Rehabilitation and Autonomy Preservation, 21000, Dijon, France.
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Mazurek CM, Pearsall DJ, Renaud PJ, Robbins SM. Inter-Segment Coordination of Male and Female Collegiate Ice Hockey Players During Forward Skating Starts. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38776467 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2337936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Coordination in ice hockey skating has been minimally investigated, particularly in females. The objective was to compare lower-extremity inter-segment coordination of collegiate male and female ice hockey players during forward skating starts. Methods: 3D kinematic data were collected on collegiate male (n = 9) and female (n = 10) participants during accelerative steps. Continuous relative phase (CRP) was calculated for shank-sagittal/thigh-sagittal, shank-sagittal/thigh-frontal, and foot-sagittal/shank-sagittal segment pairs across 2.5 strides on each side. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted features of greatest variability of the CRP and relationships between principal components and sex were investigated using hierarchical linear model. Results: Males demonstrated more out-of-phase coordination (higher CRP) for side one (p = .01) and side two (p < .01) shank-sagittal/thigh-sagittal as well as side one shank-sagittal/thigh-frontal (p < .01) segment pairs throughout each step. Females demonstrated a greater change in CRP from late stance/early swing to late swing/early stance on side two for shank-sagittal/thigh-frontal segments (p < .01). For side two shank-sagittal/thigh-frontal segments, faster males utilized more out-of-phase coordination throughout each step whereas faster females utilized more in-phase coordination (p < .01). Conclusion: Males and females may employ different coordinative strategies to achieve faster skating speeds. Males tend to utilize more out-of-phase coordination of the shank and thigh throughout strides, although coordinative differences of the shank and foot were not found between sexes. Further investigation is needed to examine the relationship between lower limb strength and coordination as well as the effect of targeted training protocols on lower extremity coordinative patterns.
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Davico G, Labanca L, Gennarelli I, Benedetti MG, Viceconti M. Towards a comprehensive biomechanical assessment of the elderly combining in vivo data and in silico methods. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1356417. [PMID: 38770274 PMCID: PMC11102974 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1356417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The aging process is commonly accompanied by a general or specific loss of muscle mass, force and/or function that inevitably impact on a person's quality of life. To date, various clinical tests and assessments are routinely performed to evaluate the biomechanical status of an individual, to support and inform the clinical management and decision-making process (e.g., to design a tailored rehabilitation program). However, these assessments (e.g., gait analysis or strength measures on a dynamometer) are typically conducted independently from one another or at different time points, providing clinicians with valuable yet fragmented information. We hereby describe a comprehensive protocol that combines both in vivo measurements (maximal voluntary isometric contraction test, superimposed neuromuscular electrical stimulation, electromyography, gait analysis, magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical measures) and in silico methods (musculoskeletal modeling and simulations) to enable the full characterization of an individual from the biomechanical standpoint. The protocol, which requires approximately 4 h and 30 min to be completed in all its parts, was tested on twenty healthy young participants and five elderlies, as a proof of concept. The implemented data processing and elaboration procedures allowing for the extraction of several biomechanical parameters (including muscle volumes and cross-sectional areas, muscle activation and co-contraction levels) are thoroughly described to enable replication. The main parameters extracted are reported as mean and standard deviation across the two populations, to highlight the potential of the proposed approach and show some preliminary findings (which were in agreement with previous literature).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Davico
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciana Labanca
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Irene Gennarelli
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Benedetti
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Viceconti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Medical Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Lau JCL, Mombaur K. Can lower-limb exoskeletons support sit-to-stand motions in frail elderly without crutches? A study combining optimal control and motion capture. Front Neurorobot 2024; 18:1348029. [PMID: 38638361 PMCID: PMC11024314 DOI: 10.3389/fnbot.2024.1348029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
With the global geriatric population expected to reach 1.5 billion by 2050, different assistive technologies have been developed to tackle age-associated movement impairments. Lower-limb robotic exoskeletons have the potential to support frail older adults while promoting activities of daily living, but the need for crutches may be challenging for this population. Crutches aid safety and stability, but moving in an exoskeleton with them can be unnatural to human movements, and coordination can be difficult. Frail older adults may not have the sufficient arm strength to use them, or prolonged usage can lead to upper limb joint deterioration. The research presented in this paper makes a contribution to a more detailed study of crutch-less exoskeleton use, analyzing in particular the most challenging motion, sit-to-stand (STS). It combines motion capture and optimal control approaches to evaluate and compare the STS dynamics with the TWIN exoskeleton with and without crutches. The results show trajectories that are significantly faster than the exoskeleton's default trajectory, and identify the motor torques needed for full and partial STS assistance. With the TWIN exoskeleton's existing motors being able to support 112 Nm (hips) and 88 Nm (knees) total, assuming an ideal contribution from the device and user, the older adult would need to contribute a total of 8 Nm (hips) and 50 Nm (knees). For TWIN to provide full STS assistance, it would require new motors that can exert at least 121 Nm (hips) and 140 Nm (knees) total. The presented optimal control approaches can be replicated on other exoskeletons to determine the torques required with their mass distributions. Future improvements are discussed and the results presented lay groundwork for eliminating crutches when moving with an exoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan C. L. Lau
- CERC Human-Centred Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Systems Design Engineering and Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- BioRobotics Lab, Optimization and Biomechanics for Human Centred Robotics, Institute of Anthropomatics and Robotics (IAR), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Katja Mombaur
- CERC Human-Centred Robotics and Machine Intelligence, Systems Design Engineering and Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- BioRobotics Lab, Optimization and Biomechanics for Human Centred Robotics, Institute of Anthropomatics and Robotics (IAR), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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Caravaggi P, Rogati G, Zamagni L, Boriani L, Arceri A, Ortolani M, Lullini G, Berti L, Leardini A. Functional evaluation of a novel fibreglass-reinforced polyamide custom dynamic AFO for foot drop patients: A pilot study. Gait Posture 2024; 109:41-48. [PMID: 38266422 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are orthopaedic devices often prescribed to treat foot drop. For patients who are not satisfied with off-the-shelf solutions, custom AFOs personalized to the patient's lower limb anatomy are required. Dynamic AFOs provide stability while allowing for physiological ankle mobility in the stance phase of walking. RESEARCH QUESTION Can a morphology-based dynamic custom AFO made of fiberglass-reinforced polyamide restore a quasi-normal gait pattern and improve comfort in patients with foot drop? METHODS In this pilot study, the legs and feet of ten foot drop patients (age=64.9 ± 11.4 years; BMI=26.2 ± 2.1 kg/m2) were scanned using a Kinect-based 3D scanner. A custom AFO was designed and produced for each patient using a fiberglass-reinforced polyamide through selective laser sintering. To assess kinematics, skin markers were placed on relevant bony landmarks according to a validated protocol. Each patient was instructed to walk at a self-selected comfortable speed under three conditions: wearing the custom AFO, wearing an off-the-shelf orthosis (Codivilla spring), and without any AFO (shod condition). Muscle activation in the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris and biceps femoris muscles in both legs was recorded using wireless sEMG sensors. The comfort and of each AFO was evaluated using a Visual Analogue Scale. RESULTS The custom AFO resulted in significant increase of stride length and walking speed compared to the shod condition. Except for the hip joint, which exhibited greater maximum flexion and reduced range of motion, the kinematic parameters of all other joints were similar to those observed in a healthy control population. Furthermore, the custom AFO received significantly higher comfort scores compared to the Codivilla spring. SIGNIFICANCE This study has provided evidence supporting the effectiveness of custom orthotic solutions in restoring lower limb kinematics and improving the perceived comfort in foot drop patients compared to off-the-shelf solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Caravaggi
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Valutazione Funzionale Protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - G Rogati
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Valutazione Funzionale Protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - L Zamagni
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Valutazione Funzionale Protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - L Boriani
- Chirurgia Vertebrale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - A Arceri
- Chirurgia Vertebrale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - M Ortolani
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Valutazione Funzionale Protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - G Lullini
- Medicina Riabilitativa e Neuroriabilitazione, IRCCS Istituto Scienze Neurologiche, Bologna (Italia).
| | - L Berti
- Università di Bologna, Bologna (Italia); Medicina Fisica e Riabilitativa, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
| | - A Leardini
- Laboratorio di Analisi del Movimento e Valutazione Funzionale Protesi, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna (Italia).
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Persine S, Leteneur S, Gillet C, Bassement J, Charlaté F, Simoneau-Buessinger E. Kinetic adaptations of the intact limb in transfemoral amputees using a microprocessor prosthetic knee. Gait Posture 2024; 108:170-176. [PMID: 38100955 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, high-tech prostheses, including microprocessor-controlled knee (MPK), have been developed to improve the functional abilities of lower limb amputees and to reduce gait asymmetry for the prevention of early joint degradation of the intact limb. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in joint moment and power of the intact limb of transfemoral amputees (TFAs) with an MPK compared to healthy individuals in 2 walking speed conditions. METHODS Twenty-one TFAs with MPK and matched 21 healthy individuals performed a walking task at spontaneous and rapid self-selected speeds. Spatiotemporal gait parameters and intact limb kinetic data were recorded. RESULTS The hip and knee moments in the frontal plane during rapid walking were not significantly higher than spontaneous walking in TFA group (respectively p = 0.08 and p = 0.48) and were lower than the control group. In the sagittal plane, the hip extensor moment in TFA was higher than the control group in the landing phase (p < 0.001 in both speed conditions). SIGNIFICANCE The kinetics of the intact limb of active TFAs with an MPK showed a significant reduction at the knee internal abductor moment compared to the control, potentially limiting risk factors for knee osteoarthritis. However, in the sagittal plane, higher hip extensor moments could favor low-back pain appearance. Gait analysis of lower limb amputees should thus be performed to highlight these kinetic adaptations and then help to propose the most relevant rehabilitation and prevention exercises to limit the appearance of early musculoskeletal degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Persine
- Centre Jacques Calvé, Fondation HOPALE, Berck-sur-Mer, France; Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France.
| | - S Leteneur
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - C Gillet
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - J Bassement
- Soin de Suite et Réadaptation, Institut Stablinski, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, France
| | - F Charlaté
- Centre Jacques Calvé, Fondation HOPALE, Berck-sur-Mer, France
| | - E Simoneau-Buessinger
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
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Heredia-Jimenez J, Orantes-Gonzalez E. Exploring the physiological benefits of carrying a suspended backpack versus a traditional backpack. ERGONOMICS 2024; 67:95-101. [PMID: 37083570 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2205621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the differences in metabolic energy cost and physiological adaptations between carrying a suspended backpack and a traditional backpack during exercise. For that, 30 males completed the Bruce test while carrying a loaded backpack. Researchers used a metabolic system to obtain variables, analysed muscle oxygen saturation, and used a 2-way RM ANOVA. As results, a significant fatigue interaction was found, but the interaction between fatigue and backpack was non-significant. Using a suspended backpack resulted in energetic advantages in oxygen consumption, muscle oxygen saturation, and performance compared to a traditional backpack. In conclusion, this study offers insights into the physiological implications of using a suspended backpack, suggesting it may reduce the risk of musculoskeletal issues and improve performance for those carrying heavy loads.Practitioner summary: The suspended-load backpacks have been proposed as an alternative to traditional backpacks. This study highlighted that the use of a suspended backpack provided some energetical advantages adaptation compared to the traditional backpack in terms of oxygen consumption, muscle oxygen saturation and performance during a multistage treadmill test walking-running test.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Heredia-Jimenez
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education, Economy and Technology, University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
- Human Behavior and Motion Analysis Lab (Hubema Lab), University of Granada, Ceuta, Spain
| | - E Orantes-Gonzalez
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Faculty of Sports, University of Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Foroughi F, Prible D, Hsiao HY. Age-associated changes in lower limb weight-bearing strategy during walking. Gait Posture 2024; 107:162-168. [PMID: 37827929 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As people age there is a proximal shift of joint moment generation from ankle plantarflexion and knee extension toward hip extension and flexion moments. This age-related redistribution has been documented in the context of propulsive force generation during the push-off phase with less evidence in the context of weight bearing. Additionally, these sagittal plane joint moments have been a primary focus of studies though the hip frontal plane moment also contributes to vertical support but has received less attention. Furthermore, how aging affects the relationships between changes in sagittal and frontal joint moments and changes in vertical support force as a function of walking speed remains unclear RESEARCH QUESTION: How does aging affect the contributions of sagittal and frontal plane joint moments to weight-bearing across different walking speeds? METHODS Gait analysis was performed on 24 young and 17 healthy older subjects walked on the treadmill at their preferred and 30 % faster speeds. Stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to determine the joint moments that predict the peak amplitudes of the vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) across different walking speeds. RESULTS Hip abduction and knee extension moments were the primary contributors to leading limb weight-bearing in young, whereas hip extension moment was the primary contributor in older adults. Ankle plantarflexion moment was the main contributor to trailing limb weight-bearing in young and hip flexion moment was the main contributor in older adults. From preferred to faster walking speed changes in knee extension moment were the primary contributor to changes in the trailing limb weight-bearing in young whereas changes in hip extension moment were the primary contributor in olderadults. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggested that older and younger adults used different joint moment contributions to produce leading limb and trailing limb vertical support forces across different walking speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Foroughi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Donald Prible
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hao-Yuan Hsiao
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Dimitrov H, Bull AMJ, Farina D. High-density EMG, IMU, kinetic, and kinematic open-source data for comprehensive locomotion activities. Sci Data 2023; 10:789. [PMID: 37949938 PMCID: PMC10638431 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel sensor technology enables new insights in the neuromechanics of human locomotion that were previously not possible. Here, we provide a dataset of high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) and high-resolution inertial measurement unit (IMU) signals, along with motion capture and force data for the lower limb of 10 healthy adults during multiple locomotion modes. The participants performed level-ground and slope walking, as well as stairs ascent/descent, side stepping gait, and stand-to-walk and sit-to-stand-to-walk, at multiple walking speeds. These data can be used for the development and validation of locomotion mode recognition and control algorithms for prosthetics, exoskeletons, and bipedal robots, and for motor control investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hristo Dimitrov
- Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- University of Cambridge, MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, CB2 7EF, UK.
| | - Anthony M J Bull
- Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Dario Farina
- Imperial College London, Department of Bioengineering, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Deleu PA, Naaim A, Bevernage BD, Cheze L, Dumas R, Birch I, Besse JL, Leemrijse T. Changes in Relative Work of the Lower Extremity and Distal Foot Joints After Total Ankle Replacement: An Exploratory Study. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:4376-4381. [PMID: 37906486 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3328936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Ankle osteoarthritis does not only led to lower ankle power generation, but also results in compensatory gait mechanics at the hip and Chopart joints. Much of previous work explored the relative work distribution after total ankle replacement (TAR) either across the lower extremity joints where the foot was modelled as a single rigid unit or across the intrinsic foot joints without considering the more proximal lower limb joints. Therefore, this study aims, for the first time, to combine 3D kinetic lower limb and foot models together to assess changes in the relative joint work distribution across the foot and lower limb joints during level walking before and after patients undergo TAR. We included both patients and healthy control subjects. All patients underwent a three-dimensional gait analysis before and after surgery. Kinetic lower limb and multi-segment foot models were used to quantify all inter-segmental joint works and their relative contributions to the total lower limb work. Patients demonstrated a significant increase in the relative ankle positive joint work contribution and a significant decrease in the relative Chopart positive joint work contribution after TAR. Furthermore, there exists a large effect toward decreases in the relative contribution of the hip negative joint work after TAR. In conclusion, this study seems to corroborate the theoretical rationale that TAR reduces the compensatory strategy in the Chopart and hip joints in patients suffering from end-stage ankle osteoarthritis.
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Borghi C, Sassi S, Pandarese D, Messori S, Faccioli S. Effect of Ankle-Foot Orthoses in Pediatric Patients with Hereditary Motor-Sensory Neuropathy: A Case Series Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1529. [PMID: 37761490 PMCID: PMC10529230 DOI: 10.3390/children10091529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Aims: to evaluate the effect on gait performance and standing stability of ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) in pediatric patients with hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy (HMSN). (2) Methods: a retrospective case-series study including three adolescents (S1, S2, S3, mean age 14 years) with HMSN. The subjects were evaluated barefoot, with carbon AFO (Botter) and with solid AFO (SAFO) by means of: gait analysis, stabilometry and gait functional tests (10 Meter Walk Test, 2 Minute Walk Test). Finally, the CSD-OPUS questionnaire was administered to the assess satisfaction and impact of the orthoses on life quality. (3) Results: orthoses improved gait and stability performance. Botter allowed greater ankle movement than SAFO and provided greater push-off power. This, combined with the carbon elastic energy return, might explain better performances in the 2MWT, with a larger distance traveled compared to SAFO for both S1 (110 m vs. 72 m) and S2 (170 m vs. 155 m) and, compared to barefoot walking, also for S3 (211 m vs. 160 m), for which SAFO analysis was not available. Both orthoses improved performance at the stabilometric analysis. The CSD-OPUS questionnaire showed a significantly higher level of satisfaction with Botter for the subjects (S1, S2) who completed the comparison. (4) Conclusions: Both orthoses improved gait and standing, though Botter proved to be better tolerated and more effective in improving gait endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Borghi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit—UDGEE, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.S.); (D.P.); (S.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Silvia Sassi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit—UDGEE, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.S.); (D.P.); (S.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Daniela Pandarese
- Children Rehabilitation Unit—UDGEE, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.S.); (D.P.); (S.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Samuele Messori
- Children Rehabilitation Unit—UDGEE, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.S.); (D.P.); (S.M.); (S.F.)
| | - Silvia Faccioli
- Children Rehabilitation Unit—UDGEE, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, Azienda USL, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (S.S.); (D.P.); (S.M.); (S.F.)
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Valente G, Grenno G, Dal Fabbro G, Zaffagnini S, Taddei F. Medial and lateral knee contact forces during walking, stair ascent and stair descent are more affected by contact locations than tibiofemoral alignment in knee osteoarthritis patients with varus malalignment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1254661. [PMID: 37731759 PMCID: PMC10507691 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1254661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Knee OA progression is related to medial knee contact forces, which can be altered by anatomical parameters of tibiofemoral alignment and contact point locations. There is limited and controversial literature on medial-lateral force distribution and the effect of anatomical parameters, especially in motor activities different from walking. We analyzed the effect of tibiofemoral alignment and contact point locations on knee contact forces, and the medial-lateral force distribution in knee OA subjects with varus malalignment during walking, stair ascending and stair descending. Methods: Fifty-one knee OA subjects with varus malalignment underwent weight-bearing radiographs and motion capture during walking, stair ascending and stair descending. We created a set of four musculoskeletal models per subject with increasing level of personalization, and calculated medial and lateral knee contact forces. To analyze the effect of the anatomical parameters, statistically-significant differences in knee contact forces among models were evaluated. Then, to analyze the force distribution, the medial-to-total contact force ratios were calculated from the fully-informed models. In addition, a multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate correlations between forces and anatomical parameters. Results: The anatomical parameters significantly affected the knee contact forces. However, the contact points decreased medial forces and increased lateral forces and led to more marked variations compared to tibiofemoral alignment, which produced an opposite effect. The forces were less medially-distributed during stair negotiation, with medial-to-total ratios below 50% at force peaks. The anatomical parameters explained 30%-67% of the variability in the knee forces, where the medial contact points were the best predictors of medial contact forces. Discussion: Including personalized locations of contact points is crucial when analyzing knee contact forces in subjects with varus malalignment, and especially the medial contact points have a major effect on the forces rather than tibiofemoral alignment. Remarkably, the medial-lateral force distribution depends on the motor activity, where stair ascending and descending show increased lateral forces that lead to less medially-distributed loads compared to walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Valente
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Grenno
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Dal Fabbro
- 2nd Orthopedics and Trauma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Zaffagnini
- 2nd Orthopedics and Trauma Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fulvia Taddei
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Persine S, Simoneau-Buessinger E, Charlaté F, Bassement J, Gillet C, Découfour N, Leteneur S. Transfemoral amputees adapt their gait during cross-slope walking with specific upper-lower limb coordination. Gait Posture 2023; 105:171-176. [PMID: 37579592 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unilateral lower limb amputees have asymmetrical gaits, particularly on irregular surfaces and slopes. It is unclear how coordination between arms and legs can adapt during cross-slope walking. RESEARCH QUESTION How do transfemoral amputees (TFAs) adapt their upper-lower limb coordination on cross-slope surfaces? METHODS Twenty TFA and 20 healthy adults (Ctrl) performed a three-dimensional gait analysis in 2 walking conditions: level ground and cross-slope with prosthesis uphill. Sagittal joint angles and velocities of hips and shoulders were calculated. Continuous relative phases (CRP) were computed between the shoulder and the hip of the opposite side. The closer to 0 the CRP is, the more coordinated the joints are. Curve analysis were conducted using SPM. RESULTS The mean CRP between the downhill shoulder and the uphill hip was higher in TFA compared to Ctrl (p = 0.02), with a walking conditions effect (p = 0.005). TFA showed significant differences about the end of the stance phase (p = 0.01) between level ground and cross-slope, while Ctrl showed a significant difference (p = 0.008) between these walking conditions at the end of the swing phase. In CRP between the uphill shoulder and the downhill hip, SnPM analysis showed intergroup differences during the stance phase (p < 0.05), but not in the comparison between walking conditions in TFA and Ctrl groups. SIGNIFICANCE TFA showed an asymmetrical coordination in level ground walking compared to Ctrl. Walking on cross-slope led to upper-lower limb coordination adaptations: this condition impacted the CRP between downhill shoulder and uphill hip in both groups. The management of the prosthetic limb, positioned uphill, induced a reorganization of the coordination with the upper limb of the amputated side. Identifying upper-lower limb coordination adaptations on cross-slope surfaces will help to achieve rehabilitation goals for effective walking in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Persine
- Centre Jacques Calvé, Fondation HOPALE, Berck-sur-mer, France; Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France.
| | - E Simoneau-Buessinger
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - F Charlaté
- Centre Jacques Calvé, Fondation HOPALE, Berck-sur-mer, France
| | - J Bassement
- Institut Stablinski, Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes, France
| | - C Gillet
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
| | - N Découfour
- Faculté de Médecine et de Maïeutique, Institut Catholique de Lille, France
| | - S Leteneur
- Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, LAMIH, CNRS, UMR 8201, F-59313 Valenciennes, France
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Areno G, Chantraine F, Schreiber C, Masson X, Classen T, Pereira JAC, Dierick F. CHECGAIT: A Functional Electrical Stimulation Clinical Pathway to Reduce Foot Drop during Walking in Adult Patients with Upper Motor Neuron Lesions. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5112. [PMID: 37568513 PMCID: PMC10419675 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12155112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Foot drop during the swing phase of gait and at initial foot contact is a current kinematic abnormality that can occur following an upper motor neuron (UMN) lesion. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the common peroneal nerve through an assistive device is often used in neuro-rehabilitation to help patients regain mobility. Although there are FES-specific guideline recommendations, it remains a challenge for clinicians to appropriately select patients eligible for the daily use of FES devices, as very few health insurance systems cover its cost in Europe. In Luxembourg, since 2018, successfully completing an FES clinical pathway called CHECGAIT is a prerequisite to receiving financial coverage for FES devices from the national health fund (Caisse Nationale de Santé-CNS). This study describes the structure and steps of CHECGAIT and reports our experience with a cohort of 100 patients enrolled over a three-year period. The clinical and gait outcomes of all patients were retrospectively quantified, and a specific analysis was performed to highlight differences between patients with and without an FES device prescription at the end of a CHECGAIT. Several significant gait differences were found between these groups. These results and CHECGAIT may help clinicians to better select patients who can most benefit from this technology in their daily lives. In addition, CHECGAIT could provide significant savings to public health systems by avoiding unnecessary deliveries of FES devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Areno
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Physiotherapy Department, Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frédéric Chantraine
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Medical Department, Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Céline Schreiber
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Xavier Masson
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Päiperléck, Op Tomm 19, 5485 Wormeldange, Luxembourg
| | - Tanja Classen
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Physiotherapy Department, Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - José Alexandre Carvalho Pereira
- Medical Department, Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Frédéric Dierick
- Laboratoire d’Analyse du Mouvement et de la Posture (LAMP), Centre National de Rééducation Fonctionnelle et de Réadaptation—Rehazenter, Rue André Vésale 1, 2674 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
- Faculté des Sciences de la Motricité, UCLouvain, Place Pierre de Coubertin 1-2, 1348 Ottignies-Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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McCormick JB, Drusch AS, Lynch DJ, Seeber GH, Wilford KF, Hooper TL, Allen BS, O'Connell DG, Mena-Iturriaga MJ, Cooper KJ, Sizer PS. The Effect of Volitional Preemptive Abdominal Contraction on Biomechanical Measures During A Front Versus Back Loaded Barbell Squat. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:831-844. [PMID: 37547830 PMCID: PMC10399089 DOI: 10.26603/001c.84306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Weightlifting is growing in popularity among recreational and competitive athletes. The barbell back squat (BackS) is commonly included in these training programs, while the barbell front squat (FrontS) is commonly performed as a component of other lifts such as the power clean or clean and jerk, it is less commonly practiced in isolation. Hypothesis/Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of VPAC performance on trunk muscle and LE biomechanical responses during loaded BackS versus FrontS in healthy subjects. Study Design Controlled Laboratory Study. Methods Healthy male subjects with the ability to perform a sub-maximal loaded barbell squat lift were recruited. Subjects completed informed consent, demographic/medical history questionnaires and an instructional video. Subjects practiced VPAC and received feedback. Surface electromyography (sEMG) electrodes and kinematic markers were applied. Muscles included were the internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO), rectus abdominis, iliocostalis lumborum (ICL), superficial multifidi, rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, and gluteus maximus. Maximal voluntary isometric contractions established reference sEMG values. A squat one-rep-max (1RM) was predicted by researchers using a three to five repetition maximum (3RM, 5RM) load protocol. Subjects performed BackS trials at 75% 1RM while FrontS trials were performed at 75% BackS weight, both with and without VPAC. Subjects performed three repetitions of each condition with feet positioned on two adjacent force plates. Significant interactions and main effects were tested using a 2(VPAC strategy) x 2(squat variation) and 2(VPAC strategy) x 2(direction) within-subject repeated measures ANOVAs. Tukey's Post-Hoc tests identified the location of significant differences. Results Trunk muscle activity was significantly higher during FrontS versus BackS regardless of VPAC condition. (IO: p=0.018, EO: p<0.001, ICL: p<0.001) VPAC increased performance time for both squat variations (p=.0011), which may be associated with decreased detrimental force potential on the lumbar spine and knees. VPAC led to improved ability to maintain a neutral lumbar spine during both squat variations. This finding is associated with decreased detrimental force potential on the lumbar spine. Conclusions Findings could help guide practitioners and coaches to choose squat variations and incorporate VPAC strategies during their treatments and/or training programs. Level of Evidence Level 3©The Author(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B McCormick
- Physical Therapy Department Hardin-Simmons University
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Alexander S Drusch
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Darragh J Lynch
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
- Nvision Biomedical Technologies
- Southern California PT Fellowship Program Kaiser Permanente
| | - Gesine H Seeber
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
- University Hospital for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Pius-Hospital University of Oldenburg
- Department of Orthopedics University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen
| | - Katherine F Wilford
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
- Physical Therapy Department Mary Baldwin University
| | - Troy L Hooper
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Brad S Allen
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | | | - Maria J Mena-Iturriaga
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
- Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo
| | - Kinyata J Cooper
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
| | - Phillip S Sizer
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, School of Health Professions Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
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Spolaor F, Guiotto A, Ciniglio A, Cibin F, Sawacha Z. Effects of a proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi®) on reducing the biomechanical risk factors associated with ACL injury in female footballers. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1134702. [PMID: 37521101 PMCID: PMC10382620 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1134702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Football presents a high rate of lower limb injuries and high incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture, especially in women. Due to this there is the need to optimize current prevention programs. This study aims to verify the possibility to reduce the biomechanical risk factors associated with ACL injury, through the application of proprioceptive stimulation by means of the Equistasi® device. Methods Ten elite female footballers were enrolled and received the device for 4 weeks (5 days/week, 1h/day). Athletes were assessed directly on-field at four time points: T0 and T1 (evaluation without and with the device), T2 (after 2 weeks), T4 (after 4 weeks) while performing two different tasks: Romberg Test, and four sidestep cutting maneuvers bilaterally. Seven video cameras synchronized with a plantar pressure system were used, thirty double colored tapes were applied on anatomical landmarks, and three dimensional coordinates reconstructed. Vertical ground reaction forces and center of pressure data were extracted from the plantar pressure insoles. Hip, knee, and ankle flexion-extension angles and moments were computed as well as abd-adduction joint torques. From the Romberg Test both center of pressure descriptive variables and frequency analysis parameters were extracted. Each variable was compared among the different time frames, T1, T2 and T4, through Friedman Test for non-parametric repeated measures (p<0.05); Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for comparing variables between T0 and T1 (p<0.05) and across the different time frames as follows: T1-T2, T2-T4 and T1-T4. Results Statistically significant differences in both posturographic and biomechanical variables between the assessment at T0 and T1 were detected. Reduced hip and knee abduction torques were revealed in association with reduced both ground reaction forces and ankle dorsiflexion torque from T1 up to T4. Discussion The proprioceptive stimuli showed to have the potential to improve cutting biomechanics mainly with respect to the ligament and quadriceps dominance theories. Results of the present study, even if preliminary and on a small sample size, could be considered promising towards the inclusion of proprioceptive training in injury prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Spolaor
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Annamaria Guiotto
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alfredo Ciniglio
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Zimi Sawacha
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Borghi C, Colonna S, Lombardi F. Involvement of Myofascial Spiral Chains of the Lower Limb in Semi-unipodal Balance: A Pilot Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e42468. [PMID: 37637611 PMCID: PMC10457133 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Single-leg stance has been extensively studied for functional evaluation, therapeutic exercise, sports training, and fall prevention. However, the motor strategies of the supporting limb have been investigated only at the ankle level. It is not known, at the hip, how the muscular system reacts to medial and lateral imbalances. We hypothesize, based on a myofascial chain approach, that the balance is managed by the front and back spiral chains. The aim of this work was to perform a preliminary experimental analysis to verify the spiral chain hypothesis, testing a method to investigate the motor strategies underlying equilibrium. Methods Five healthy subjects (i.e. without neurological or orthopedic pathologies affecting the upright position) underwent perturbations of their monopodal balance while a surface electromyographic analysis of gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, adductor longus (ADD), tibialis anterior (TA), and peroneus longus (PL) was executed. The percentage of electrical activation with respect to maximal contraction was calculated for each muscle investigated. The coordination in activation between the hip and ankle muscles was analyzed by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results Of the studied muscles, TA (43% of maximal contraction) and gluteus medius (28%) had the average highest reaction to lateral imbalance and the highest correlation coefficient (0.89, p-value<0.01); PL (35%) and ADD (16%) were the most relevant in counteracting the medial imbalance (correlation coefficient=0.83, p-value<0.01). Conclusion The study was performed on a few subjects, and the muscles of the lower limb were only partially investigated. However, the consistency of the results with former experimental studies provided preliminary evidence of the adequacy of the method adopted. The correlation of hip and ankle muscle activations was in line with the spiral chain hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrado Borghi
- Children Rehabilitation Unit - UDGEE, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, ITA
| | - Saverio Colonna
- Ostheopathic Spine Center Education, Spine Center, Bologna, ITA
| | - Francesco Lombardi
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, ITA
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Vallery H, Lachmann F, van der Helm S, Pennycott A, Smit G. Design and evaluation of the pneumatic leg prosthesis ERiK to assist elderly amputees with sit-down and stand-up movements. WEARABLE TECHNOLOGIES 2023; 4:e16. [PMID: 38487767 PMCID: PMC10936377 DOI: 10.1017/wtc.2023.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Standing up using one leg is a challenging task for those with a transfemoral amputation, particularly for elderly users with a low activity level. Active prostheses are generally not accessible to this group and available passive prostheses do not support standing up. This article presents the design and evaluation of the "Energy Restoring Intelligent Knee" (ERiK), which stores energy during sit-down in a pneumatic cylinder and returns it during stand-up. We hypothesized that the system would reduce the time needed to perform transitions and also enable higher load sharing by the prosthetic leg. However, the results of an experimental study with seven participants with transfemoral amputation contradict these hypotheses: the participants could neither move faster nor make more use of the prosthetic leg to share their body weight during transitions. We observed that a major obstacle to the useful functionality of the leg was the absence of ankle dorsiflexion - the foot tended to slip during stand-up initiation, such that only low pre-pressures and therefore support levels could be set. The rather binary action of the pneumatics also complicated movement initiation. The lessons learned from this study may be helpful to those seeking to create better designs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Vallery
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik Lachmann
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Simon van der Helm
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Pennycott
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gerwin Smit
- Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands
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Cheng H, Jiang ZA, Chen L, Wang GD, Liu XY, Sun JM, Tsai TY. Impacts of gait biomechanics of patients with thoracolumbar kyphosis secondary to Scheuermann's disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1192647. [PMID: 37304142 PMCID: PMC10248172 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1192647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) is a common feature in patients with spinal deformities. However, due to limited studies, the impacts of TLK on gait have not been reported. The objective of the study was to quantify and evaluate the impacts of gait biomechanics of patients with TLK secondary to Scheuermann's disease. Methods: Twenty cases of Scheuermann's disease patients with TLK and twenty cases of asymptomatic participants were recruited into this study. And the gait motion analysis was conducted. Results: The stride length was shorter in the TLK group compared to control group (1.24 ± 0.11 m vs. 1.36 ± 0.21 m, p = 0.04). Compared to control group, the stride time and step time were more prolonged in the TLK group (1.18 ± 0.11s vs. 1.11 ± 0.08 s, p = 0.03; 0.59 ± 0.06 s vs. 0.56 ± 0.04 s, p = 0.04). The gait speed of the TLK group was significantly slower than it of control group (1.05 ± 0.12 m/s vs. 1.17 ± 0.14 m/s, p = 0.01); In the sagittal plane, the range of motion (ROM) of the hip in the TLK group was significantly smaller than that of the control group (37.71 ± 4.35° vs. 40.05 ± 3.71°, p = 0.00). In the transverse plane, the adduction/abduction ROMs of the knee and ankle, as well as the internal and external rotation of the knee, were smaller in TLK group than ROMs in the control group (4.66 ± 2.21° vs. 5.61 ± 1.82°, p = 0.00; 11.48 ± 3.97° vs. 13.16 ± 5.6°, p = 0.02; 9.00 ± 5.14° vs. 12.95 ± 5.78°, p = 0.00). Discussion: The main finding of this study was that measurements of gait patterns and joint movement of the TLK group were significantly lower than those of the control group. And these impacts have the potential to exacerbate degenerative progress of joints in the lower extremities. These abnormal features of gait can also serve as a guideline for physicians to focus on TLK in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zi-Ang Jiang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Sports Science, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Dong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Min Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tsung-Yuan Tsai
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Winter L, Bellenger C, Grimshaw P, Crowther RG. Analysis of Movement Variability in Cycling: An Exploratory Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4972. [PMID: 37430887 DOI: 10.3390/s23104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest repeatability of Blue Trident inertial measurement units (IMUs) and VICON Nexus kinematic modelling in analysing the Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) during a maximal effort 4000 m cycling bout in different body segments/joints. An additional aim was to determine if changes in the LyE existed across a trial. Twelve novice cyclists completed four sessions of cycling; one was a familiarisation session to determine a bike fit and become better accustomed to the time trial position and pacing of a 4000 m effort. IMUs were attached to the head, thorax, pelvis and left and right shanks to analyse segment accelerations, respectively, and reflective markers were attached to the participant to analyse neck, thorax, pelvis, hip, knee and ankle segment/joint angular kinematics, respectively. Both the IMU and VICON Nexus test-retest repeatability ranged from poor to excellent at the different sites. In each session, the head and thorax IMU acceleration LyE increased across the bout, whilst pelvic and shank acceleration remained consistent. Differences across sessions were evident in VICON Nexus segment/joint angular kinematics, but no consistent trend existed. The improved reliability and the ability to identify a consistent trend in performance, combined with their improved portability and reduced cost, advocate for the use of IMUs in analysing movement variability in cycling. However, additional research is required to determine the applicability of analysing movement variability during cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan Winter
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Clint Bellenger
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Paul Grimshaw
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Robert George Crowther
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia
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Promsri A. Age and Visual Contribution Effects on Postural Control Assessed by Principal Component Analysis of Kinematic Marker Data. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11050098. [PMID: 37234054 DOI: 10.3390/sports11050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Postural control, the ability to control the body's position in space, is considered a critical aspect of health outcomes. This current study aimed to investigate the effects of age and visual contribution on postural control. To this end, principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to extract movement components/synergies (i.e., principal movements, PMs) from kinematic marker data of bipedal balancing on stable and unstable surfaces with eyes closed and open, pooled from 17 older adults (67.8 ± 6.6 years) and 17 young adults (26.6 ± 3.3 years), one PCA-analysis for each surface condition. Then, three PCA-based variables were computed for each PM: the relative explained variance of PM-position (PP_rVAR) and of PM-acceleration (PA_rVAR) for measuring the composition of postural movements and of postural accelerations, respectively, and the root mean square of PM-acceleration (PA_RMS) for measuring the magnitude of neuromuscular control. The results show the age and visual contribution effects observed in PM1, resembling the anteroposterior ankle sway in both surface conditions. Specifically, only the greater PA1_rVAR and PA1_RMS are observed in older adults (p ≤ 0.004) and in closed-eye conditions (p < 0.001), reflecting their greater need for neuromuscular control of PM1 than in young adults and in open-eye conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunee Promsri
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
- Unit of Excellence in Neuromechanics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
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Hu Z, Zhang Y, Dong T, Dong M, Kim S, Kim Y. Gender Differences in Neuromuscular Control during the Preparation Phase of Single-Leg Landing Task in Badminton. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093296. [PMID: 37176736 PMCID: PMC10179252 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the biomechanical mechanisms of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury have been extensively studied, but studies on the neuromuscular control-related risk factors for an ACL injury in specific maneuvers have not been reported for badminton players. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Sixteen badminton players (8 male, 8 female) performed a single-leg badminton ball landing task, and lower limb muscle activity, kinematic data, and ground reaction force were measured during this procedure using marker-based movement analysis, force plates, and electromyography (EMG). Gender differences in the lower limb kinematic data, mean values of normalized lower limb muscle activation (MVC%), and co-contraction values during the landing preparation phase (100 ms before initial contact) were analyzed using MANOVA. RESULTS In the badminton landing task, the knee valgus angle was greater in females than in males (6.27 ± 2.75 vs. 1.72 ± 3.20) in the pre-landing preparation position. Compared to male badminton players, females exhibited greater gluteus maximus (44.92 ± 18.00 vs. 20.34 ± 11.64), rectus femoris (41.56 ± 9.84 vs. 26.14 ± 10.46), and medial gastrocnemius (37.39 ± 17.31 vs. 19.11 ± 11.17) lateral gastrocnemius (36.86 ± 17.82 vs. 13.59 ± 2.71) muscle activity (MVC%). CONCLUSION Female badminton players exhibit neuromuscular control strategies that may be inadequate for ACL protection and may be a potential risk factor for a high incidence of ACL injury In the future, when devising injury prevention plans for female badminton players, optimizing neuromuscular control during the pre-landing phase can be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hu
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Tengfei Dong
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Maolin Dong
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukwon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsuk Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Bonnet-Lebrun A, Linglart A, De Tienda M, Nguyen Khac V, Ouchrif Y, Berkenou J, Pillet H, Assi A, Wicart P, Skalli W. Combined gait analysis and radiologic examination in children with X-linked hypophosphatemia. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2023; 105:105974. [PMID: 37148614 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2023.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked hypophosphataemia causes bone deformities and gait abnormalities that tend to worsen with age in the absence of appropriate treatment. However, doctors do not currently use quantitative tools to characterize these symptoms and their possible interactions. METHODS Radiographs and 3D gait data from 43 non-surgical growing children with X-linked hypophosphataemia were acquired prospectively. Data from age-matched typically developing children were used to form the reference group. Subgroups based on radiological parameters were compared with each other and with the reference population. Linear correlations between radiographic parameters and gait variables were examined. FINDING X-linked hypophosphatemic patients differed from the control group in pelvic tilt, ankle plantarflexion, knee flexion moment and power. High correlations with tibiofemoral angle were found for trunk lean, knee and hip adduction, and knee abduction moment. The Gait Deviation Index was below 80 for 88% of the patients with a high tibiofemoral angle (varus). Compared to other subgroups, varus patients had augmented trunk lean (+3°) and knee adduction (+10°) and decreased hip adduction (-5°) and ankle plantarflexion (-6°). Femoral torsion was associated with alterations in rotation at the knee, and hip. INTERPRETATION Gait abnormalities induced in X-linked hypophosphataemia have been described in a large cohort of children. Links between gait alterations and lower limb deformities were found, with varus deformities standing out. Since bony deformities appear when X-linked hypophosphatemic children start walking and have been found to alter gait patterns, we suggest that combining radiology with gait analysis may improve the clinical management of X-linked hypophosphataemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Bonnet-Lebrun
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Agnès Linglart
- APHP, Service d'endocrinologie pédiatrique, Hôpital Bicêtre Paris Sud, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Centre de référence Maladies Rares du Métabolisme du Calcium et du Phosphore, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - Marine De Tienda
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; APHP, Service d'orthopédie infantile, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Virginie Nguyen Khac
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; APHP, Service d'orthopédie infantile, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Younes Ouchrif
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; APHP, Service d'orthopédie infantile, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jugurtha Berkenou
- Centre de référence Maladies Rares du Métabolisme du Calcium et du Phosphore, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - Hélène Pillet
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Ayman Assi
- Laboratory of Biomechanics and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Philippe Wicart
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; APHP, Service d'orthopédie infantile, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Wafa Skalli
- Institut de Biomecanique Humaine Georges Charpak, Arts et Metiers Sciences et Technologies, 151 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
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Russo L, Belli G, Di Blasio A, Lupu E, Larion A, Fischetti F, Montagnani E, Di Biase Arrivabene P, De Angelis M. The Impact of Nordic Walking Pole Length on Gait Kinematic Parameters. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:jfmk8020050. [PMID: 37218846 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nordic walking (NW) is a popular physical activity used to manage chronic diseases and maintain overall health and fitness status. This study aimed to compare NW to ordinary walking (W) with regard to pole length and to identify kinematic differences associated with different poles' length (55%, 65% and 75% of the subject's height, respectively). Twelve male volunteers (21.1 ± 0.7 years; 1.74 ± 0.05 m; 68.9 ± 6.1 kg) were tested in four conditions (W, NW55, NW65 and NW75) at three different speeds (4-5-6 km∗h-1). Each subject performed a total of twelve tests in a random order. Three-dimensional kinematics of upper and lower body were measured for both W and NW, while oxygen consumption levels (VO2) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured only for NW trials with different poles' length. NW showed a higher step length, lower elbow motion and higher trunk motion (p < 0.05) compared to W. Additionally, NW65 did not show any kinematic or RPE differences compared to NW55 and NW75. Only NW75 showed a higher elbow joint (p < 0.05) and lower pole (p < 0.05) range of motion compared to NW55 and a higher VO2 (p < 0.05) compared to NW55 and NW65 at 6 km∗h-1. In conclusion, the use of the poles affects the motion of the upper and lower body during gait. Poles with shorter or longer length do not produce particular changes in NW kinematics. However, increasing the length of the pole can be a smart variation in NW to increase exercise metabolic demand without significantly affecting the kinematics and the RPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Russo
- Department of Human Sciences, Università Telematica degli Studi IUL, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Guido Belli
- Department of Sciences for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Lupu
- Department of Motor Activities, Petroleum Gas University Ploiesti, 100600 Ploiesti, Romania
| | - Alin Larion
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900029 Constanta, Romania
| | - Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Montagnani
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4AT, UK
| | | | - Marco De Angelis
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Kenzo Fujioka Shida T, Eunice Neves de Oliveira C, da Silva Fragoso de Campos D, Los Angeles E, Bernardo C, Dos Santos de Oliveira L, Cupertino Salloum E Silva L, Magalhães Novaes T, Shokur S, Bouri M, Boari Coelho D. Effect of freezing of gait and dopaminergic medication in the biomechanics of lower limbs in the gait of patients with Parkinson's disease compared to neurologically healthy. Neurosci Lett 2023; 806:137250. [PMID: 37061024 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to evaluate the effects of medication, and the freezing of gait (FoG) on the kinematic and kinetic parameters of gait in people with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) compared to neurologically healthy. METHODS Twenty-two people with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic PD in ON and OFF medication (11 FoG), and 18 healthy participants (control) were selected from two open data sets. All participants walked on the floor on a 10-meter-long walkway. The joint kinematic and ground reaction forces (GRF) variables of gait and the clinical characteristics were compared: (1) PD with FoG (pwFoG) and PD without FoG (pwoFoG) in the ON condition and control; (2) PD with FoG and PD without FoG in the OFF condition and control; (3) Group (PD with FoG and PD without FoG) and Medication. RESULTS (1) FoG mainly affects distal joints, such as the ankle and knee; (2) PD ON showed changes in the range of motion of both distal and proximal joints, which may explain the increase in step length and gait speed expected with the use of L-Dopa; and (3) the medication showed improvements in the kinematic and kinetic parameters of the gait of people with pwFoG and pwoFoG equally; (4) pwPD showed a smaller second peak of the vertical component of the GRF than the control. CONCLUSION The presence of FoG mainly affects distal joints, such as the ankle and knee. PD presents a lower application of GRF during the impulse period than healthy people, causing lower gait performances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emanuele Los Angeles
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Claudionor Bernardo
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thayna Magalhães Novaes
- Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Solaiman Shokur
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mohamed Bouri
- The BioRobotics Institute and Department of Excellence in Robotics and AI, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniel Boari Coelho
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brazil; Center for Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.
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30
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Stotz A, Hamacher D, Zech A. Relationship between Muscle Strength and Gait Parameters in Healthy Older Women and Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5362. [PMID: 37047976 PMCID: PMC10094255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining sufficient muscle strength is fundamental to prevent a decline in basic physical functions such as gait, and is therefore a prerequisite for a healthy independent life in older people. However, the relationship between gait parameters and the strength of single muscle groups is reported with inconclusive results. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship of strength of nine single muscle groups of lower and upper leg muscles as well as handgrip strength for gait parameters in older adults. Sixty-nine independently living older adults participated in the study. Maximum ankle plantar- and dorsiflexion, knee flexion and extension, as well as hip abduction, adduction, flexion, and extension strength, were measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Additionally, hand grip strength measured via a hand dynamometer was obtained. Walking gait parameters were recorded with a 3D motion capture system on an instrumented treadmill. The relationships between multiple strength and gait variables were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Linear regression analyses were performed to identify the predictive ability of muscle strength (normalized to body weight) for gait speed, stride time, stance time, stride length and step width. Multiple significant weak to moderate positive ([r = 0.343, p = 0.047]-[r = 0.538, p = 0.002]) and negative ([r = -0.340, p = 0.046]-[r = 0.593, p = 0.001]) correlations that were unequally distributed between both sexes were detected. Significant regression models explained ([r2 = 16.6%, p = 0.015]-[r2 = 44.3 %, p = 0.003]) and ([r2 = 21.8%, p = 0.022]-[r2 = 36.1%, p = 0.044]) of the gait parameter variations for men and women, respectively. The results suggest a sex-specific relevance of single muscle groups for all gait parameters. This may be attributed to anatomical differences and it is important to prevent strength-related changes in gait parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Stotz
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Seidelstraße 20, 07749 Jena, Germany;
| | - Daniel Hamacher
- Methods and Statistics in Sports, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Seidelstraße 20, 07749 Jena, Germany;
| | - Astrid Zech
- Department of Human Movement Science and Exercise Physiology, Institute of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Seidelstraße 20, 07749 Jena, Germany;
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31
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Valente G, Benedetti MG, De Paolis M, Donati DM, Taddei F. Differences in hip musculoskeletal loads between limbs during daily activities in patients with 3D-printed hemipelvic reconstructions following tumor surgery. Gait Posture 2023; 102:56-63. [PMID: 36924596 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomical custom-made prostheses, thanks to computer-aided design and 3D-printing technology, help improve osseointegration and reduce mechanical complications in bone reconstructions following bone tumors. A recent quantitative analysis of long-term recovery in patients with 3D-printed reconstructions following pelvic tumor surgery showed asymmetries in ground reaction forces between limbs during different motor activities, while standing very good motor performance and quality of life. RESEARCH QUESTION We analyzed hip contact forces and muscle forces in that cohort of six patients with an innovative custom-made reconstruction of the hemipelvis, and we tested the hypothesis that asymmetries in ground reaction forces would result in more marked differences in musculoskeletal forces. METHODS State-of-the-art musculoskeletal modeling in an optimization-based inverse-dynamics workflow was used to calculate hip contact forces and muscle forces during five motor activities, and the differences between limbs were statistically evaluated across the motor activity cycles and on the force peaks. RESULTS The musculoskeletal loads were found to be not symmetric, as hip loads were generally higher in the contralateral limb. We found significant differences in considerable portions of the motor activities cycles except squat, load symmetry indices indicating a load increase (median up to 25%) on the contralateral limb, especially during stair descent and chair rise/sit, and significantly higher values in the contralateral limb at force peaks. SIGNIFICANCE We confirmed the hypothesis that residual asymmetries found in ground reaction forces were amplified when hip musculoskeletal loads were investigated, reflecting a shift of the loads toward the intact limb. Despite the general trend of higher loads found in the contralateral hip, this cannot be considered a risk of overloading, as both hips supported loads in a physiological range or lower, indicating a likely optimal recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Valente
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Benedetti
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paolis
- Department of Orthopaedics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Fulvia Taddei
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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32
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Gagnat Y, Brændvik SM, Ringheim I, Roeleveld K. The relation of energy cost of walking with gait deviation, asymmetry, and lower limb muscle co-activation in children with cerebral palsy: a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:111. [PMID: 36759806 PMCID: PMC9909982 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06223-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared to typically developing children, children with cerebral palsy (CP) have increased energy expenditure during walking, limiting activity and participation. Insight into whether the also deviating and more asymmetric gait with increased muscle co-activation contributes to this increased energy expenditure is important for clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between energy cost of walking with gait deviation, asymmetry, and muscle co-activation in children with CP. METHODS Forty ambulant children with CP, with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I (N = 35) and II (N = 5), aged between 5-17y, were tested at one or two occasions with 24 weeks in between, resulting in 71 observations. Gross energy cost (J/kg/m) was measured during a 5-min walk test at self-selected speed. From a 3-dimensional gait analyses, kinematic variables and electromyography were extracted to calculate the gait deviation index (GDI) and co-activation index. The relation between energy cost and GDI, GDI asymmetry, and co-activation index of the lower limb muscles was evaluated through mixed model analyses. Height was included to control for growth-related variation. RESULTS Gait deviation and height combined explained about 40% of the variance in gross energy cost. No significant contribution was found for gait asymmetry or co-activation index. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study indicates that increased gait deviation contributes to increased energy cost of walking in children with GMFCS level I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yngvild Gagnat
- Clinic for Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Skin Diseases, Orthopaedic Research Center, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Siri Merete Brændvik
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Clinical Services, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Inge Ringheim
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Stavern, Norway
| | - Karin Roeleveld
- grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Clinic for Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Skin Diseases, Orthopaedic Research Center, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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33
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Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Kim S, Kim Y. A Comparative Study of the Fatigue of the Lower Extremities According to the Type of Shoes Worn When Firing a 10 m Air Pistol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1363. [PMID: 36674119 PMCID: PMC9859422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in shooting performance, physical stability, and lower extremity muscle fatigue in high-level shooters wearing shooting shoes and sports shoes, and to determine the causes. Eight high-level 10 m air pistol shooters wore shooting shoes and sports shoes in a simulated shooting qualification experiment (60 rounds in 75 min) and we recorded shooting scores, pressure centers (COP), and median frequency of muscle fatigue index (MDF). All the data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and are compared using a paired t-test. Athletes in shooting shoes scored higher than those in sports shoes (p < 0.05); COP moved less in the front-to-back and left-to-right directions for athletes wearing shooting shoes rather than sports shoes; and fewer muscles experienced fatigue, with fatigue also occurring later, for athletes wearing shooting shoes rather than sports shoes. Shooting shoes may reduce the sway of athletes’ center of pressure in the anterior−posterior and left−right directions, enhance postural stability, and result in higher shooting scores. In addition, they may make shooters feel more comfortable and relaxed during long training sessions and competitions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sukwon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsuk Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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Mezzarobba S, Grassi M, Galliussi J, Murena L, Bernardis P. Perception of biological motion. No sensitivity differences between patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy observers. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:63-70. [PMID: 33886377 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1910511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of biological motion (BM) stimuli (point-light walkers PLW) may be a novel alternative to improve the clinical impact of Action Observation treatments in Parkinson's Disease, by directing the patient's attentional focus on gait kinematics. However, the recognition of biological motion in Parkinson's patients has thus far been controversial. To evaluate the clinical feasibility of using BM stimuli in Action Observation treatments, we aimed at investigating whether Parkinson's patients in the ON-state condition can identify and use gender-specific cues conveyed by the body structure and by the kinematics of gait of a PLW. 30 Parkinson's patients and 30 healthy elderly observers were tested in a gender identification task with PLW. Parkinson's patients were able to correctly identify the gender of PLW; no differences were found between the two groups of observers. While for both groups, the gender identification task was easier when it required a judgment on a healthy PLW. Lastly, we found that females were more sensitive than males in our identification task. Our study shows that Parkinson's patients in the ON-state condition are able to extract subtle structural and kinematic characteristics from biological motion stimuli, which is favorable to the use of BM in Action Observation treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Mezzarobba
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Michele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Murena
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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35
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Shida TKF, Costa TM, de Oliveira CEN, de Castro Treza R, Hondo SM, Los Angeles E, Bernardo C, Dos Santos de Oliveira L, de Jesus Carvalho M, Coelho DB. A public data set of walking full-body kinematics and kinetics in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:992585. [PMID: 36875659 PMCID: PMC9978741 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.992585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To our knowledge, there is no Parkinson's disease (PD) gait biomechanics data sets available to the public. Objective This study aimed to create a public data set of 26 idiopathic individuals with PD who walked overground on ON and OFF medication. Materials and methods Their upper extremity, trunk, lower extremity, and pelvis kinematics were measured using a three-dimensional motion-capture system (Raptor-4; Motion Analysis). The external forces were collected using force plates. The results include raw and processed kinematic and kinetic data in c3d and ASCII files in different file formats. In addition, a metadata file containing demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data is provided. The following clinical scales were employed: Unified Parkinson's disease rating scale motor aspects of experiences of daily living and motor score, Hoehn & Yahr, New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Tests, Fall Efficacy Scale-International-FES-I, Stroop test, and Trail Making Test A and B. Results All data are available at Figshare (https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/A_dataset_of_overground_walking_full-body_kinematics_and_kinetics_in_individuals_with_Parkinson_s_disease/14896881). Conclusion This is the first public data set containing a three-dimensional full-body gait analysis of individuals with PD under the ON and OFF medication. It is expected to contribute so that different research groups worldwide have access to reference data and a better understanding of the effects of medication on gait.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thaisy Moraes Costa
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Claudia Eunice Neves de Oliveira
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.,Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Renata de Castro Treza
- Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Sandy Mikie Hondo
- Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Los Angeles
- Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | - Claudionor Bernardo
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Boari Coelho
- Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil.,Center for Mathematics, Computation, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
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36
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Bermejo-García J, Rodríguez Jorge D, Romero-Sánchez F, Jayakumar A, Alonso-Sánchez FJ. Actuation Strategies for a Wearable Cable-Driven Exosuit Based on Synergies in Younger and Older Adults. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:261. [PMID: 36616858 PMCID: PMC9824617 DOI: 10.3390/s23010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Older adults (aged 55 years and above) have greater difficulty carrying out activities of daily living than younger adults (aged 25−55 years). Although age-related changes in human gait kinetics are well documented in qualitative terms in the scientific literature, these differences may be quantified and analyzed using the analysis of motor control strategies through kinetic synergies. The gaits of two groups of people (older and younger adults), each with ten members, were analyzed on a treadmill at a constant controlled speed and their gait kinetics were recorded. The decomposition of the kinetics into synergies was applied to the joint torques at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Principal components determined the similarity of the kinetic torques in the three joints analyzed and the effect of the walking speed on the coordination pattern. A total of three principal components were required to describe enough information with minimal loss. The results suggest that the older group showed a change in coordination strategy compared to that of the younger group. The main changes were related to the ankle and hip torques, both showing significant differences (p-value <0.05) between the two groups. The findings suggest that the differences between the gait patterns of the two groups were closely related to a reduction in ankle torque and an increase in hip torque. This change in gait pattern may affect the rehabilitation strategy used when designing general-purpose rehabilitation devices or rehabilitation/training programs for the elderly.
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Gait Alterations in Two Young Siblings with Progressive Pseudorheumatoid Dysplasia. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121982. [PMID: 36553423 PMCID: PMC9776635 DOI: 10.3390/children9121982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia (PPRD) is an autosomal recessive inherited skeletal dysplasia characterized by progressive non-inflammatory arthropathy affecting primarily the articular cartilage. Currently, little is known about the functional musculoskeletal aspects of these patients. In particular, an abnormal gait pattern has been described, without a clear hypothesis of the underlying causes in terms of muscular activity. This study presents the case of two siblings, 4 and 9 years old, a boy and a girl, respectively, suffering from PPRD at different stages of the disease. In addition to the clinical assessment, an instrumental gait analysis was performed. Swelling of the interphalangeal finger joints and fatigue were present in both cases. Gait abnormalities consisted of a relevant reduction in the ankle plantarflexion in the terminal phase of the gait cycle, associated with reduced gastrocnemius EMG activity and increased activity of the tibialis anterior, resulting in overloading at the initial peak of ground reaction forces. Gait anomalies observed were similar in both siblings with PPRD, although at different ages, and confirm walking patterns previously described in the literature. The calf muscle strength deficit and reduced activity during the stance phase of gait present in these two siblings indicate the typical absence of the propulsive phase. A stomping gait pattern, with the foot striking the ground hard on each step, was originally described. Further neurophysiological investigations are required to determine the origin of muscle weakness.
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KINEMATIC COMPARISON OF ORTHOPEDIC SHOES AND ANKLE-FOOT ORTHOSES IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY. TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPEDICS OF RUSSIA 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/2311-2905-1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction
Cerebral palsy (CP) patients may have additional complications such as deformities of lower limbs which significantly change the gait pattern. Various treatments have been used to correct the walking gait and among them are orthotic devices. According to the data based on literature research the ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are the most widely used in clinical practice for CP patients. However, orthopedic shoes are more widely used in Russia and there is a lack of gait comparison research has been done up to date. Aim. Kinematic data comparison of walking gait between orthopedic shoes and AFOs in children with CP. Materials and methods. Eighteen CP children with GMFCS 2 and GMFCS 3 were recruited for this research. Three test comparisons were conducted for barefoot, orthopedic shoes, and AFOs walking for each children being tested. Twelve Miqus M5 Qualisys cameras were used for kinematic data collection with 100 Hz frequency. Visual3D (C-Motion), Clinical Gait PAF (Qualisys), Statistica 10, and Excel were used for data analysis. Results. The results demonstrated that wearing AFOs versus barefoot improved spatial-temporal parameters as well as ankle and knee joint kinematics without significant changes in hip joint angles for both GMFCS 2 and GMFCS 3 levels. As a result, the Gait Profile Score (GPS) showed significant improvement in AFOs as well. The use of orthopedic footwear in patients with gross motor function levels GMFCS 2 and GMFCS 3 led to improvement of ankle and knee joints kinematics when compared to barefoot walking. However, the group with GMFCS 2 demonstrated less improvement of the ankle and knee joint angles in orthopedic shoes but the GPS showed significantly better overall values when compared to GMFCS 3 group. Therefore, this study showed that orthopedic footwear and AFOs almost equally corrected the walking gait in GMFCS 2 group but AFOs were significantly better for GMFCS 3 group.
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Hu Z, Kim Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Tang X, Sohn J, Kim S. Correlation of Lower Limb Muscle Activity with Knee Joint Kinematics and Kinetics during Badminton Landing Tasks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192416587. [PMID: 36554467 PMCID: PMC9778979 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A study on a single-leg landing task after an overhead stroke in badminton suggests that poor knee biomechanical indicators may be a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. A preventive program targeting neuromuscular control strategies is said to alter the biomechanics of the knee joint and have a beneficial effect on reducing ACL injury. However, the relationship between muscle activity around the knee joint and knee biomechanical risk factors in the badminton landing task is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between this movement pattern of muscle activity and knee kinematics and kinetics. This experiment analyzed knee muscle activity and biomechanical information in a sample of 34 badminton players (17 male, 17 female) during a badminton landing task. We assessed the relationship between the rectus femoris (RF), medial hamstring (MHAM), lateral hamstring (LHAM), medial gastrocnemius (MGAS), lateral gastrocnemius (LGAS), medial and lateral hamstring to quadriceps co-contraction ratio (MH/Q and LH/Q) with the knee flexion angle, valgus angle, extension moment, valgus moment, and proximal tibial anterior shear force. A moderate negative correlation was found between the peak knee flexion angle and electromyography (EMG) activity in LGAS (r = 0.47, p = 0.0046, R2 = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.70). Peak proximal tibial shear force showed strong and positive correlations with RF EMG activity (r = 0.52, p = 0.0016, R2 = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.73) and strong and negative correlations with MH/Q (r = 0.50, p = 0.0023, R2 = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.72). The knee extension moment showed moderate and positive correlations with RF EMG activity (r = 0.48, p = 0.0042, R2 = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.70) and strong and negative correlations with MH/Q (r = 0.57, p = 0.0004, R2 = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.76). The peak knee valgus moment showed strong and positive correlations with LH/Q (r = 0.55, p = 0.0007, R2 = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.75). Our findings suggest that there is a correlation between lower extremity muscle activity and knee kinematics and kinetics during the single-leg landing task in badminton; therefore, lower extremity muscle activity should be considered when developing rehabilitation or injury prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Hu
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsuk Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehoon Sohn
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukwon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Santos G, Wanderley M, Tavares T, Rocha A. A multi-sensor human gait dataset captured through an optical system and inertial measurement units. Sci Data 2022; 9:545. [PMID: 36071060 PMCID: PMC9452504 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Different technologies can acquire data for gait analysis, such as optical systems and inertial measurement units (IMUs). Each technology has its drawbacks and advantages, fitting best to particular applications. The presented multi-sensor human gait dataset comprises synchronized inertial and optical motion data from 25 participants free of lower-limb injuries, aged between 18 and 47 years. A smartphone and a custom micro-controlled device with an IMU were attached to one of the participant’s legs to capture accelerometer and gyroscope data, and 42 reflexive markers were taped over the whole body to record three-dimensional trajectories. The trajectories and inertial measurements were simultaneously recorded and synchronized. Participants were instructed to walk on a straight-level walkway at their normal pace. Ten trials for each participant were recorded and pre-processed in each of two sessions, performed on different days. This dataset supports the comparison of gait parameters and properties of inertial and optical capture systems, whereas allows the study of gait characteristics specific for each system. Measurement(s) | G Force • Spatial Orientation | Technology Type(s) | Accelerometer • Optical Instrument |
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Affiliation(s)
- Geise Santos
- University of Campinas, Institute of Computing, Campinas, Brazil.
| | | | - Tiago Tavares
- University of Campinas, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Anderson Rocha
- University of Campinas, Institute of Computing, Campinas, Brazil
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41
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Sousa MV, Sebastião R, Fonseca P, Morais S, Soares D, de Sousa I, Machado L, Sousa F, Vaz M, Vilas-Boas JP. Can increased load carriage affect lower limbs kinematics during military gait? ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:1194-1201. [PMID: 34930095 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.2021299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if increased load carriage, in male military personnel, can affect the lower limbs kinematics. Twelve male military volunteers from the Portuguese Army were recruited and evaluated in an unloaded and loaded gait condition. Linear kinematics and lower limbs joint angle at heel strike, midstance and toe off were calculated. The stance, swing and double support times were found to be different between load conditions (p < 0.05). There was an interaction between load and limb (p < 0.05) for joint angles, during midstance, with limbs performing different movements in the frontal plane during loaded gait. Load increase had a different effect on the right knee, with a reduction in the abduction (valgus). This study may be beneficial in offering suggestion to improve the performance of gait with load and in an attempt to help prevent possible injuries. Practitioner summary: Increased load can affect lower limbs of male soldiers at the pelvic, hip and knee angles on the frontal plane, which can alter the joint force distribution. While these alterations may indicate protective mechanics, load management procedures should be implemented along with gait monitoring to avoid negative effects in performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela Vieira Sousa
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Sebastião
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Morais
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Denise Soares
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Kinesiolab, ISEIT, Piaget Institute of Almada, Almada, Portugal
| | - Inês de Sousa
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leandro Machado
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Filipa Sousa
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Vaz
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEGI, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Vilas-Boas
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Center of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Valente G, Benedetti MG, Paolis MD, Sambri A, Frisoni T, Leardini A, Donati DM, Taddei F. Long-term functional recovery in patients with custom-made 3D-printed anatomical pelvic prostheses following bone tumor excision. Gait Posture 2022; 97:73-79. [PMID: 35914386 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anatomical custom-made prostheses make it possible to reconstruct complicated bone defects following excision of bone tumors, thanks to 3D-printed technology. To date, clinical measures have been used to report clinical-functional outcome and provide evidence for the effectiveness of this new surgical approach. However, there are no studies that quantified the achievable recovery during common activities by using instrumental clinical-functional evaluation in these patients. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the motor performance, functional outcome and quality of life in patients with custom-made 3D-printed pelvic prostheses following bone tumor? METHODS To analyze motor performance, six patients performed motion analysis during five motor activities at follow-up of 32 ± 18 months. Joint angles, ground reaction forces and joint moments of the operated and contralateral limbs were compared. On-off activity of lower-limb muscles were calculated from electromyography and compared to a healthy matched population. To analyze functional outcome and quality of life, differences in measured hip abductor strength between limbs were evaluated, as well as clinical-functional scores (Harris Hip Score, Barthel Index, Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score), and quality of life (SF-36 health survey). RESULTS We found only slight differences in joint kinematics when comparing operated and contralateral limb. The activity of gluteal muscles was normal, while hamstrings showed out-of-phase activities. Ground reaction forces and hip moments showed asymmetries between limbs, particularly in more demanding motor activities. We found a mean difference in hip abductor strength of 48 ± 82 N between limbs, good clinical-functional scores, and quality of life scores within normative. SIGNIFICANCE Our study showed optimal long-term results in functional recovery, mainly achieved through recovery of the gluteal function, although minor impairments were found, which may be considered for future improvement of this innovative surgery. The effect of a more loaded contralateral limb on internal loads and long-term performance of the implant remains unknown and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giordano Valente
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Benedetti
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Massimiliano De Paolis
- Department of Orthopaedics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Andrea Sambri
- Department of Orthopaedics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Tommaso Frisoni
- Orthopaedic Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Alberto Leardini
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | | | - Fulvia Taddei
- Bioengineering and Computing Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
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De Blasiis P, Fullin A, Sansone M, Perna A, Caravelli S, Mosca M, De Luca A, Lucariello A. Kinematic Evaluation of the Sagittal Posture during Walking in Healthy Subjects by 3D Motion Analysis Using DB-Total Protocol. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7030057. [PMID: 35997373 PMCID: PMC9472028 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Posture can be evaluated by clinical and instrumental methods. Three-dimensional motion analysis is the gold standard for the static and dynamic postural assessment. Conventional stereophotogrammetric protocols are used to assess the posture of pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, trunk (considered as a single segment) and rarely head and upper limbs during walking. A few studies also analyzed the multi-segmental trunk and whole-body kinematics. Aim of our study was to evaluate the sagittal spine and the whole-body during walking in healthy subjects by 3D motion analysis using a new marker set. Fourteen healthy subjects were assessed by 3D-Stereophotogrammetry using the DB-Total protocol. Excursion Range, Absolute Excursion Range, Average, intra-subject Coefficient of Variation (CV) and inter-subject Standard Deviation Average (SD Average) of eighteen new kinematic parameters related to sagittal spine and whole-body posture were calculated. The analysis of the DB-Total parameters showed a high intra-subject (CV < 50%) and a high inter-subject (SD Average < 1) repeatability for the most of them. Kinematic curves and new additional values were reported. The present study introduced new postural values characterizing the sagittal spinal and whole-body alignment of healthy subjects during walking. DB-Total parameters may be useful for understanding multi-segmental body biomechanics and as a benchmark for pathological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo De Blasiis
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +081-458-225
| | - Allegra Fullin
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Sansone
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvio Caravelli
- II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mosca
- II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80100 Naples, Italy
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Romanato M, Spolaor F, Beretta C, Fichera F, Bertoldo A, Volpe D, Sawacha Z. Quantitative assessment of training effects using EksoGT® exoskeleton in Parkinson's disease patients: A randomized single blind clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 28:100926. [PMID: 35664504 PMCID: PMC9156880 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Romanato
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - F. Spolaor
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - C. Beretta
- Fresco Parkinson Center, Villa Margherita, S. Stefano, Vicenza, Italy
| | - F. Fichera
- Fresco Parkinson Center, Villa Margherita, S. Stefano, Vicenza, Italy
| | - A. Bertoldo
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - D. Volpe
- Fresco Parkinson Center, Villa Margherita, S. Stefano, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Z. Sawacha
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Corresponding author. Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Gradenigo 6B, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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Carcreff L, Payen G, Grouvel G, Massé F, Armand S. Three-Dimensional Lower-Limb Kinematics from Accelerometers and Gyroscopes with Simple and Minimal Functional Calibration Tasks: Validation on Asymptomatic Participants. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22155657. [PMID: 35957218 PMCID: PMC9370908 DOI: 10.3390/s22155657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of inertial measurement units (IMUs) to compute gait outputs, such as the 3D lower-limb kinematics is of huge potential, but no consensus on the procedures and algorithms exists. This study aimed at evaluating the validity of a 7-IMUs system against the optoelectronic system. Ten asymptomatic subjects were included. They wore IMUs on their feet, shanks, thighs and pelvis. The IMUs were embedded in clusters with reflective markers. Reference kinematics was computed from anatomical markers. Gait kinematics was obtained from accelerometer and gyroscope data after sensor orientation estimation and sensor-to-segment (S2S) calibration steps. The S2S calibration steps were also applied to the cluster data. IMU-based and cluster-based kinematics were compared to the reference through root mean square errors (RMSEs), centered RMSEs (after mean removal), correlation coefficients (CCs) and differences in amplitude. The mean RMSE and centered RMSE were, respectively, 7.5° and 4.0° for IMU-kinematics, and 7.9° and 3.8° for cluster-kinematics. Very good CCs were found in the sagittal plane for both IMUs and cluster-based kinematics at the hip, knee and ankle levels (CCs > 0.85). The overall mean amplitude difference was about 7°. These results reflected good accordance in our system with the reference, especially in the sagittal plane, but the presence of offsets requires caution for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Carcreff
- Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.G.); (S.A.)
- Nantes Université, Movement-Interactions-Performance, MIP, UR4334, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Gabriel Payen
- Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.G.); (S.A.)
- Gait Up SA, 1020 Renens, Switzerland; (G.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Gautier Grouvel
- Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.G.); (S.A.)
| | - Fabien Massé
- Gait Up SA, 1020 Renens, Switzerland; (G.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Stéphane Armand
- Kinesiology Laboratory, Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; (G.G.); (S.A.)
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Zhu M, Guan X, Li Z, Gao Y, Zou K, Gao X, Wang Z, Li H, Cai K. Prediction of knee trajectory based on surface electromyogram with independent component analysis combined with support vector regression. INT J ADV ROBOT SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17298806221119668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, surface electromyogram signals have been increasingly used to operate wearable devices. These devices can aid to help workers or soldiers to lower the load in the task to boost efficiency. However, achieving effective signal prediction has always been a challenge. It is critical to use an appropriate signal preprocessing method and prediction algorithm when developing a controller that can accurately predict and control human movements in real time. For this purpose, this article investigates the effect of various surface electromyogram preprocessing methods and algorithms on prediction results. Walking data (surface electromyogram angle) were collected from 10 adults (5 males and 5 females). To investigate the effect of preprocessing methods on the experimental results, the raw surface electromyogram signals were grouped and subjected to different preprocessing (bandpass/principal component analysis/independent component analysis, respectively). The processed data were then imported into the random forest and support vector regression algorithm for training and prediction. Multiple scenarios were combined to compare the results. The independent component analysis-processed data had the best performance in terms of convergence time and prediction accuracy in the support vector regression algorithm. The prediction accuracy of knee motion with this scheme was 94.54% ± 2.98. Notably, the forecast time was halved in comparison to the other combinations. The independent component analysis algorithm’s “blind source separation” feature effectively separates the original surface electromyogram signal and reduces signal noise, hence increasing prediction efficiency. The main contribution of this work is that the method (independent component analysis + support vector regression) has the potency of best prediction of surface electromyogram signal for knee movement. This work is the first step toward myoelectric control of assisted exoskeleton robots through discrete decoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - XiaoRong Guan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - YunLong Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - KaiFan Zou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - XinAn Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - HuiBin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - KeShu Cai
- Jiangsu Province Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Assirelli E, Caravaggi P, Mazzotti A, Ursini F, Leardini A, Belvedere C, Neri S. Location-Dependent Human Osteoarthritis Cartilage Response to Realistic Cyclic Loading: Ex-Vivo Analysis on Different Knee Compartments. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:862254. [PMID: 35782520 PMCID: PMC9240619 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.862254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial musculoskeletal disorder affecting mostly weight-bearing joints. Chondrocyte response to load is modulated by inflammatory mediators and factors involved in extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM) maintenance, but regulatory mechanisms are not fully clarified yet. By using a recently proposed experimental model combining biomechanical data with cartilage molecular information, basally and following ex-vivo load application, we aimed at improving the understanding of human cartilage response to cyclic mechanical compressive stimuli by including cartilage original anatomical position and OA degree as independent factors.Methods: 19 mono-compartmental Knee OA patients undergoing total knee replacement were recruited. Cartilage explants from four different femoral condyles zones and with different degeneration levels were collected. The response of cartilage samples, pooled according to OA score and anatomical position was tested ex-vivo in a bioreactor. Mechanical stimulation was obtained via a 3-MPa 1-Hz sinusoidal compressive load for 45-min to replicate average knee loading during normal walking. Samples were analysed for chondrocyte gene expression and ECM factor release.Results: Non parametric univariate and multivariate (generalized linear mixed model) analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of compression and IL-1β stimulation in relationship to the anatomical position, local disease severity and clinical parameters with a level of significance set at 0.05. We observed an anti-inflammatory effect of compression inducing a significant downmodulation of IL-6 and IL-8 levels correlated to the anatomical regions, but not to OA score. Moreover, ADAMTS5, PIICP, COMP and CS were upregulated by compression, whereas COL-2CAV was downmodulated, all in relationship to the anatomical position and to the OA degree.Conclusion: While unconfined compression testing may not be fully representative of the in-vivo biomechanical situation, this study demonstrates the importance to consider the original cartilage anatomical position for a reliable biomolecular analysis of knee OA metabolism following mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Assirelli
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Caravaggi
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Functional Evaluation of Prosthesis, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Mazzotti
- I Orthopaedic and Traumatologic Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Ursini
- Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Leardini
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Functional Evaluation of Prosthesis, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Belvedere
- Laboratory of Movement Analysis and Functional Evaluation of Prosthesis, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Claudio Belvedere,
| | - Simona Neri
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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García-de-Villa S, Jiménez-Martín A, García-Domínguez JJ. A database of physical therapy exercises with variability of execution collected by wearable sensors. Sci Data 2022; 9:266. [PMID: 35661743 PMCID: PMC9166805 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This document introduces the PHYTMO database, which contains data from physical therapies recorded with inertial sensors, including information from an optical reference system. PHYTMO includes the recording of 30 volunteers, aged between 20 and 70 years old. A total amount of 6 exercises and 3 gait variations were recorded. The volunteers performed two series with a minimum of 8 repetitions in each one. PHYTMO includes magneto-inertial data, together with a highly accurate location and orientation in the 3D space provided by the optical system. The files were stored in CSV format to ensure its usability. The aim of this dataset is the availability of data for two main purposes: the analysis of techniques for the identification and evaluation of exercises using inertial sensors and the validation of inertial sensor-based algorithms for human motion monitoring. Furthermore, the database stores enough data to apply Machine Learning-based algorithms. The participants' age range is large enough to establish age-based metrics for the exercises evaluation or the study of differences in motions between different groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara García-de-Villa
- University of Alcala, Department of Electronics, Alcalá de Henares, 28801, Spain.
| | - Ana Jiménez-Martín
- University of Alcala, Department of Electronics, Alcalá de Henares, 28801, Spain
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EMG analysis across different tasks improves prevention screenings in diabetes: a cluster analysis approach. Med Biol Eng Comput 2022; 60:1659-1673. [PMID: 35428958 PMCID: PMC9079040 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of this work was twofold: on one side to determine the most suitable parameters of surface electromyography (sEMG) to classify diabetic subjects with and without neuropathy and discriminate them from healthy controls and second to assess the role of the task acquired in the classification process. For this purpose 30 subjects were examined (10 controls, 10 diabetics with and 10 without neuropathy) whilst walking and stair ascending and descending. The electrical activity of six muscles was recorded bilaterally through a 16-channel sEMG system synchronised with a stereophotogrammetric system: Rectus Femoris, Gluteus Medius, Tibialis Anterior, Peroneus Longus, Gastrocnemius Lateralis and Extensor Digitorum. Spatiotemporal parameters of gait and stair climbing and the following sEMG parameters were extracted: signal envelope, activity duration, timing of activation and deactivation. A hierarchical clustering algorithm was applied to the whole set of parameters with different distances and linkage methods. Results showed that only by applying the Ward agglomerative hierarchical clustering (Hamming distance) to the all set of parameters extracted from both tasks, 5 well-separated clusters were obtained: cluster 3 included only DS subjects, cluster 2 and 4 only controls and cluster 1 and 5 only DNS subjects. This method could be used for planning rehabilitation treatments.
Graphical abstract
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50
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Development of a Novel, Passive-Dynamic, Custom AFO for Drop-Foot Patients: Design Principles, Manufacturing Technique, Mechanical Properties Characterization, and Functional Evaluation. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Ankle foot orthoses (AFOs) are medical devices prescribed to support the foot and ankle of drop-foot patients. Passive-dynamic AFOs (PD-AFOs) are an effective solution for less severe cases. While off-the-shelf PD-AFOs are rather inexpensive, they provide poor anatomical fit and do not account for the required patient-specific biomechanical support. Three-dimensional (3D) scanning and manufacturing technologies allow manufacturing PD-AFOs customized for the patient’s anatomy and functional needs. This paper aimed to report the overall procedure for designing and manufacturing a novel, fiberglass-reinforced polyamide, custom PD-AFO. The feasibility of the proposed procedure was tested in a case study. The methodology can be divided into the following steps: (i) foot and leg scanning, (ii) 3D design, and (iii) additive manufacturing via selective laser sintering. A custom PD-AFO was designed and manufactured for a 67-year-old male drop-foot patient following paraparesis in severe discarthrosis after spine stabilization surgery. AFO mechanical properties were measured via an ad hoc setup based on a servohydraulic testing machine. The functional outcome was assessed via gait analysis in three conditions: shod (no AFO), wearing an off-the-shelf PD-AFO, and wearing the patient-specific PD-AFO. As expected, wearing the PD-AFO resulted in increased ankle dorsiflexion in the swing phase with respect to the shod condition. Sagittal rotations of the hip, knee, and ankle joints were similar across PD-AFO conditions, but the custom PD-AFO resulted in faster walking speed with respect to the off-the-shelf (walking speed: 0.91 m/s versus 0.85 m/s). Additionally, the patient scored the custom PD-AFO as more comfortable (VAS score: 9.7 vs. 7.3). While the present analysis should be extended to a larger cohort of drop-foot patients, the novel PD-AFO seems to offer a valid, custom solution for drop-foot patients not satisfied with standard orthotics.
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