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Yang T, Huang Y, Zhong G, Kong L, Yan Y, Lai H, Zeng X, Huang W, Zhang Y. 6DOF knee kinematic alterations due to increased load levels. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:927459. [PMID: 36213071 PMCID: PMC9533867 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.927459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether load carriage leads to six-degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) knee kinematic alterations remains unclear. Exploring this mechanism may reveal meaningful knee kinematic information that can be used to improve load carriage conditions, the design of protective devices, and the knowledge of the effects of load carriage on knees. We recruited 44 subjects to explore kinematic alterations from an unloaded state to 60% bodyweight (BW) load carriage. A three-dimensional gait analysis system was used to collect the knee kinematic data. One-way repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to explore the effects of load levels on knee kinematics. The effects of increasing load levels on knee kinematics were smooth with decreased or increased trends. We found that knees significantly exhibited increased lateral tibial translation (up to 1.2 mm), knee flexion angle (up to 1.4°), internal tibial rotation (up to 1.3°), and tibial proximal translation (up to 1.0 mm) when they went from an unloaded state to 60%BW load carriage during the stance phase (p < 0.05). Significant small knee adduction/abduction angle and posterior tibial translation alterations (<1°/mm) were also identified (p < 0.05). Load carriage can cause significant 6DOF knee kinematic alterations. The results showed that knee kinematic environments are challenging during increased load. Our results contain kinematic information that could be helpful for knee-protection-related activities, such as target muscle training to reduce abnormal knee kinematics and knee brace design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Hospital of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxiang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People’s Hospital of Jiujiang, Affiliated Jiujiang Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Guoqing Zhong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingchuang Kong
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Hospital of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huahao Lai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Hospital of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolong Zeng, ; Wenhan Huang, ; Yu Zhang,
| | - Wenhan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Hospital of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolong Zeng, ; Wenhan Huang, ; Yu Zhang,
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Orthopedic Technology and Implant Materials, Key Laboratory of Trauma & Tissue Repair of Tropical Area of PLA, Hospital of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaolong Zeng, ; Wenhan Huang, ; Yu Zhang,
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Krammer SM, Drew MD, Brown TN. Effects of prolonged load carriage on angular jerk of frontal and sagittal knee motion. Gait Posture 2021; 84:221-226. [PMID: 33373876 PMCID: PMC7902472 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During training, service members routinely walk with heavy body borne loads for long periods of time. These loads alter knee biomechanics and may produce jerky knee motions that reportedly increase joint loading and risk of musculoskeletal injury. Yet, it is unknown if service members use jerky knee motions during prolong walking with body borne load. RESEARCH QUESTION To quantify the effects of body borne load and duration of walking on the jerkiness of sagittal and frontal plane knee motion. METHODS Eighteen participants had angular jerk of knee motion quantified while they walked (1.3 m/s) for 60-min with three body borne loads (0, 15, and 30 kg). Peak and cost of angular jerk for sagittal and frontal plane knee motion was quantified and submitted to a repeated measures linear model to test the main effects and interaction of load (0, 15, and 30 kg) and time (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min). RESULTS Body borne load increased peak and cost of angular jerk for sagittal plane knee motion up to 35 % and 110 %, respectively, and frontal plane knee motion up to 20 % and 51 %, respectively (all p<0.001), while jerk cost of frontal plane knee motion (p=0.001) increased 31 % after walking 45 min. SIGNIFICANCE Body borne load produced large (between 20 % and 110 %), incremental increases in angular jerk for both sagittal and frontal plane knee motion; whereas, duration of walking led to a 31 % increase in jerkiness of frontal plane knee motion. Service members who often walking for long periods of time with heavy body borne loads may have greater risk of developing musculoskeletal injury and disease due to large increases in jerky knee motions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Micah D. Drew
- Dept. of Kinesiology, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Tyler N. Brown
- Dept. of Kinesiology, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
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