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Lopes S, Tavares V, Mascarenhas P, Lopes M, Cardote C, Godinho C, Oliveira C, Santos CA, Oom M, Grillo-Evangelista J, Fonseca J. Oral Health Status of Adult Dysphagic Patients That Undergo Endoscopic Gastrostomy for Long Term Enteral Feeding. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084827. [PMID: 35457695 PMCID: PMC9028949 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) is required to maintain a feeding route when neurological or cancer dysphagia impact oral intake. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health and oral changes of PEG-patients without oral feeding for three months. Methods: Prospective observational study, with a PEG-patients convenience sample. Data were obtained before PEG (T0) and 3 months after gastrostomy (T1). Initial oral hygiene habits were collected through a questionnaire. Intra-oral evaluation was performed using: Plaque Index (IP), Gingival Index (IG), Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth Index (DMF), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and Attachment Loss (AL). T0 and T1 were compared to evaluate oral health evolution. Results: Thirty-nine patients aged 65.3 ± 17.4 years were included. Initial (T0) oral health was worse than expectable. Between assessments period, oral indexes suffered a general deterioration with statistical relevance to the DMF. The frequency of deep periodontal pockets and attachment loss remained stable. Conclusions: PEG-patients presented poor oral health and insufficient oral hygiene habits, even before gastrostomy. After three months of PEG feeding, oral health suffered a general deterioration. This outcome was probably associated with the absence of oral feeding activity, which is beneficial to oral homeostasis, and further reduced oral hygiene. Improved oral daily care and dental appointments should become part of the PEG-patients follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lopes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - Vitor Tavares
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Grupo de Patologia Médica, Nutrição e Exercício Clínico (PaMNEC) do Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (P.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Marta Lopes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - Carolina Cardote
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - Catarina Godinho
- Grupo de Patologia Médica, Nutrição e Exercício Clínico (PaMNEC) do Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (P.M.); (C.G.)
| | - Cátia Oliveira
- Artificial Feeding Team (GENE), Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal; (C.O.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Carla Adriana Santos
- Artificial Feeding Team (GENE), Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal; (C.O.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Madalena Oom
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - José Grillo-Evangelista
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (S.L.); (V.T.); (M.L.); (C.C.); (M.O.); (J.G.-E.)
| | - Jorge Fonseca
- Grupo de Patologia Médica, Nutrição e Exercício Clínico (PaMNEC) do Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; (P.M.); (C.G.)
- Artificial Feeding Team (GENE), Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta, 2805-267 Almada, Portugal; (C.O.); (C.A.S.)
- Correspondence:
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