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Li X, Ding J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Jiang X, Chen R, Cheng Y, Sun Y, Wan J, Zhang Y, Cao J, Han S. MicroRNAs in opisthorchiids and their definitive hosts: Current Status and Perspectives. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2024; 260:111636. [PMID: 38880486 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2024.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini, and Clonorchis sinensis (family Opisthorchiidae) are parasitic flatworms that pose serious threats to humans in certain countries and cause opisthorchiasis/clonorchiasis. Opisthorchiid flukes parasitize the biliary tract of the host, causing cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis and cholangiocarcinoma. In this review, we primarily focus on recent microRNAs (miRNAs) studies of opisthorchiid flukes and their definitive hosts. Many miRNAs are conserved and expressed in a developmentally stage specific manner in the three opisthorchiid flukes, which play important roles in the growth and development of Opisthorchiidae spp., as well as host-pathogen interactions. Some miRNAs might be potential biomarkers related to carcinogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma. Therefore, this review provides the basis for further investigating the roles of miRNAs in opisthorchiid flukes and their definitive hosts, as well as promoting the development of novel approaches to prevent and treat opisthorchiasis/clonorchiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Ding
- West Coast New Area Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of orthopaedics, Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yifan Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jie Wan
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Su Han
- Laboratory of Pathogen Infection and Immunity, Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Kafle A, Suttiprapa S. Current State of Knowledge on Blood and Tissue-Based Biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced Cholangiocarcinoma: A Review of Prognostic, Predictive, and Diagnostic Markers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:25-41. [PMID: 38285765 PMCID: PMC10911713 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a prevalent cancer in Southeast Asia, with Opisthorchis viverrini (O.viverrini) infection being the primary risk factor. Most CCA cases in this region are diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to unfavorable prognoses. The development of stage-specific biomarkers for Opisthorchis viverrini-induced cholangiocarcinoma (Ov-CCA) holds crucial significance, as it facilitates early detection and timely administration of curative interventions, effectively mitigating the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with this disease in the Great Mekong region. Biomarkers are a promising approach for early detection, prognosis, and targeted treatment of CCA. Disease-specific biomarkers facilitate early detection and enable monitoring of therapy effectiveness, allowing for any necessary corrections. This review provides an overview of the potential O. viverrini-specific molecular biomarkers and important markers for diagnosing and monitoring Ov-CCA, discussing their prognostic, predictive, and diagnostic value. Despite the limited research in this domain, several potential biomarkers have been identified, encompassing both worm-induced and host-induced factors. This review offers a thorough examination of historical and contemporary progress in identifying biomarkers through multiomics techniques, along with their potential implications for early detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kafle
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutas Suttiprapa
- Tropical Medicine Graduate Program, Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Wen LJ, Yin JG, Wang YX, Liu K, Zhao JX. csi-miR-96-5p delivered by Clonorchis sinensis extracellular vesicles promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and migration via the ferroptosis-related PTEN/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:465. [PMID: 38124152 PMCID: PMC10734124 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonorchis sinensis (CS) is classified as a group 1 carcinogen and can cause intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). CS extracellular vesicles (CsEVs) play important roles in mediating communication between parasitic helminths and humans. Ferroptosis is a novel cell death mechanism that is mainly induced by lipid peroxidation and iron overload. However, the role of CsEVs in the regulation of ferroptosis in ICC remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of CS-secreted miR-96-5p (csi-miR-96-5p) delivered by CsEVs in ICC progression and ferroptosis. METHODS Tissue samples were collected from ICC patients with CS infection (CS-ICC) or without CS infection (NC-ICC). The levels of csi-miR-96-5p and PTEN gene were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting, and survival analysis was performed. CsEVs were isolated and identified by ultracentrifugation and transmission electron microscopy. Lentiviruses were used to establish stable cell lines with csi-miR-96-5p mimic expression, PTEN overexpression (PTEN-EXO) and PTEN CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout (PTEN-KO) and their respective negative controls. Cell proliferation was assessed by performing Cell Counting Kit-8 assays in vitro and in a tumor xenograft model in vivo, and cell migration was assessed by performing Transwell assays. Erastin is used to induce ferroptosis. Ferroptosis levels were evaluated using biomarkers. RESULTS High csi-miR-96-5p and low PTEN expression was observed in CS-ICC tissues and was associated with poor overall survival. csi-miR-96-5p was highly enriched in CsEVs and was taken up by ICC cells. csi-miR-96-5p mimics or PTEN-KO significantly promoted the growth and migration of ICC cells in vitro and in vivo, whereas PTEN-EXO exerted the opposite effect. Mechanistically, csi-miR-96-5p mimics or PTEN-KO inhibited erastin-induced ferroptosis, including reducing the accumulation of Fe2+, lipid reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde, increasing the GSH/GSSG ratio and levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4, whereas PTEN-EXOs exerted the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS csi-miR-96-5p delivered by CsEVs reduced ferroptosis by regulating the expression of the PTEN/SLC7A11/GPX4 axis, thereby promoting ICC proliferation and migration. For the first time to our knowledge, we found that CS miRNAs could promote tumor development through ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jia Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ji-Gang Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Xin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Ji-Xue Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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Baria K, De Toni EN, Yu B, Jiang Z, Kabadi SM, Malvezzi M. Worldwide Incidence and Mortality of Biliary Tract Cancer. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 1:618-626. [PMID: 39132071 PMCID: PMC11307584 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background and Aims Biliary tract cancer (BTC) consists of a group of hepatic and perihepatic tumors that are in close proximity but are anatomically different, including gallbladder cancer (GBC), cholangiocarcinoma (extrahepatic and intrahepatic [ICC]), and ampulla of Vater cancer (AVC). Most epidemiologic research has focused on 1 or more anatomic subtypes, or does not differentiate BTC from hepatocellular carcinoma or other primary liver cancers. Here, we provide a descriptive update on global incidence and mortality rates for BTC, overall and by anatomic subtypes. Methods Age-standardized rates (per 100,000 person-years) were derived from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, Volume XI (2008-2012; 22 countries), and the World Health Organization Mortality Database (2006-2016; 38 countries). Results BTC incidence varied by country, with the highest in Chile (14.35) and the lowest in Vietnam (1.25). Mortality rates for BTC were highest for the Republic of Korea (11.64) and lowest for the Republic of Moldova (1.65). BTC mortality rates increased over time in 24 of 34 countries. Patients aged ≥75 years had 5-10 times higher mortality rates than the overall BTC rate in all countries. In most countries, incidence rates were highest for GBC, and mortality rates highest for ICC, while both were lowest for AVC. Females had and died from GBC more frequently than males. For ICC, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and AVC, males trended toward higher incidence and mortality rates. Conclusion The increasing incidence and mortality trends reported here indicate a need for improved prevention and treatment for all BTC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Baria
- Global Medical Affairs, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Enrico N. De Toni
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Binbing Yu
- Oncology Biometrics, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Zhuoxin Jiang
- Epidemiology and Real-World Evidence, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Shaum M. Kabadi
- Epidemiology and Real-World Evidence, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Prueksapanich P, Piyachaturawat P, Aumpansub P, Ridtitid W, Chaiteerakij R, Rerknimitr R. Liver Fluke-Associated Biliary Tract Cancer. Gut Liver 2018; 12:236-245. [PMID: 28783896 PMCID: PMC5945254 DOI: 10.5009/gnl17102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer arising from epithelial cells of the bile duct. Most patients with CCA have an unresectable tumor at the time of diagnosis. In Western countries, the risk of CCA increases in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis, whereas liver fluke infection appears to be the major risk factor for CCA in Asian countries. A diagnosis of liver fluke infection often relies on stool samples, including microscopic examination, polymerase chain reaction-based assays, and fluke antigen detection. Tests of serum, saliva and urine samples are also potentially diagnostic. The presence of liver fluke along with exogenous carcinogens magnifies the risk of CCA in people living in endemic areas. The “liver fluke-cholangiocarcinoma” carcinogenesis pathways consist of mechanical damage to the bile duct epithelium, immunopathologic and cellular reactions to the liver fluke’s antigens and excretory/secretory products, liver fluke-induced changes in the biliary tract microbiome and the effects of repeated treatment for liver fluke. A vaccine and novel biomarkers are needed for the primary and secondary prevention of CCA in endemic areas. Importantly, climate change exerts an effect on vector-borne parasitic diseases, and awareness of liver fluke should be enhanced in potentially migrated habitat areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyapan Prueksapanich
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panida Piyachaturawat
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapimphan Aumpansub
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wiriyaporn Ridtitid
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
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Young ND, Gasser RB. Opisthorchis viverrini Draft Genome - Biomedical Implications and Future Avenues. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 101:125-148. [PMID: 29907252 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Opisthorchiasis is a neglected tropical disease of major proportion, caused by the carcinogenic, Asian liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. This hepatobiliary disease is known to be associated with malignant cancer (cholangiocarcinoma, CCA) and affects millions of people in Southeast Asia. No vaccine is available, and only one drug (praziquantel) is routinely employed against the parasite. Despite technological advances, little is known about the molecular biology of the fluke itself and the disease complex that it causes in humans. The advent of high-throughput nucleic acid sequencing and bioinformatic technologies is enabling researchers to gain global insights into the molecular pathways and processes in parasites. The principal aims of this chapter are to (1) review molecular research of O. viverrini and opisthorchiasis; (2) provide an account of recent advances in the sequencing and characterization of the genome and transcriptomes of O. viverrini; (3) describe the complex life of this worm in the biliary system of the definitive (human) host and how the fluke interacts with this host and causes disease at the molecular level; (4) discuss the implications of systems biological research and (5) consider how progress in genomics and informatics might enable explorations of O. viverrini and related worms and the discovery of new interventions against opisthorchiasis and CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil D Young
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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