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Fazilaty H, Rago L, Kass Youssef K, Ocaña OH, Garcia-Asencio F, Arcas A, Galceran J, Nieto MA. A gene regulatory network to control EMT programs in development and disease. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5115. [PMID: 31712603 PMCID: PMC6848104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) regulates cell plasticity during embryonic development and in disease. It is dynamically orchestrated by transcription factors (EMT-TFs), including Snail, Zeb, Twist and Prrx, all activated by TGF-β among other signals. Here we find that Snail1 and Prrx1, which respectively associate with gain or loss of stem-like properties and with bad or good prognosis in cancer patients, are expressed in complementary patterns during vertebrate development and in cancer. We show that this complementarity is established through a feedback loop in which Snail1 directly represses Prrx1, and Prrx1, through direct activation of the miR-15 family, attenuates the expression of Snail1. We also describe how this gene regulatory network can establish a hierarchical temporal expression of Snail1 and Prrx1 during EMT and validate its existence in vitro and in vivo, providing a mechanism to switch and select different EMT programs with important implications in development and disease. EMT is a developmental process that is aberrantly activated in metastasizing cancer cells, but how multiple transcription factors regulate EMT is unclear. Here, the authors uncover a gene regulatory network between Prrx1 and Snail1 that selects EMT mode in developing vertebrates and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Fazilaty
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain.,Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luciano Rago
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain.,Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Khalil Kass Youssef
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - Oscar H Ocaña
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - Francisco Garcia-Asencio
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - Aida Arcas
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain.,Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Galceran
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain
| | - M Angela Nieto
- Instituto de Neurociencias (CSIC-UMH), Avda. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d', Alacant, 03550, Spain.
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Acloque H, Ocaña OH, Abad D, Stern CD, Nieto MA. Snail2 and Zeb2 repress P-cadherin to define embryonic territories in the chick embryo. Development 2017; 144:649-656. [PMID: 28087626 DOI: 10.1242/dev.142562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Snail and Zeb transcription factors induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in embryonic and adult tissues by direct repression of E-cadherin transcription. The repression of E-cadherin transcription by the EMT inducers Snail1 and Zeb2 plays a fundamental role in defining embryonic territories in the mouse, as E-cadherin needs to be downregulated in the primitive streak and in the epiblast, concomitant with the formation of mesendodermal precursors and the neural plate, respectively. Here, we show that in the chick embryo, E-cadherin is weakly expressed in the epiblast at pre-primitive streak stages where it is substituted for by P-cadherin We also show that Snail2 and Zeb2 repress P-cadherin transcription in the primitive streak and the neural plate, respectively. This indicates that E- and P-cadherin expression patterns evolved differently between chick and mouse. As such, the Snail1/E-cadherin axis described in the early mouse embryo corresponds to Snail2/P-cadherin in the chick, but both Snail factors and Zeb2 fulfil a similar role in chick and mouse in directly repressing ectodermal cadherin genes to contribute to the delamination of mesendodermal precursors at gastrulation and the proper specification of the neural ectoderm during neural induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Acloque
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante 03550, Spain .,GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan 31326, France
| | - Oscar H Ocaña
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Diana Abad
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante 03550, Spain
| | - Claudio D Stern
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - M Angela Nieto
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, CSIC-UMH, Avenida Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante 03550, Spain
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