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Zhang T, Li D, East AE, Kettner AJ, Best J, Ni J, Lu X. Shifted sediment-transport regimes by climate change and amplified hydrological variability in cryosphere-fed rivers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi5019. [PMID: 37939190 PMCID: PMC10631733 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change affects cryosphere-fed rivers and alters seasonal sediment dynamics, affecting cyclical fluvial material supply and year-round water-food-energy provisions to downstream communities. Here, we demonstrate seasonal sediment-transport regime shifts from the 1960s to 2000s in four cryosphere-fed rivers characterized by glacial, nival, pluvial, and mixed regimes, respectively. Spring sees a shift toward pluvial-dominated sediment transport due to less snowmelt and more erosive rainfall. Summer is characterized by intensified glacier meltwater pulses and pluvial events that exceptionally increase sediment fluxes. Our study highlights that the increases in hydroclimatic extremes and cryosphere degradation lead to amplified variability in fluvial fluxes and higher summer sediment peaks, which can threaten downstream river infrastructure safety and ecosystems and worsen glacial/pluvial floods. We further offer a monthly-scale sediment-availability-transport model that can reproduce such regime shifts and thus help facilitate sustainable reservoir operation and river management in wider cryospheric regions under future climate and hydrological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dongfeng Li
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amy E. East
- U.S. Geological Survey Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Albert J. Kettner
- CSDMS, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Jim Best
- Departments of Geology, Geography and GIS and Mechanical Science and Engineering, and Ven Te Chow Hydrosystems Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jinren Ni
- Key Laboratory for Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xixi Lu
- Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Chertoprud ES, Novichkova AA, Tsyganov AN, Vorobjeva LV, Esaulov AS, Krylenko SV, Mazei YA. Species Diversity and Driving Factors of Benthic and Zooplanktonic Assemblages at Different Stages of Thermokarst Lake Development: A Case Study in the Lena River Delta (Middle Siberia). DIVERSITY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/d15040511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change might result in permafrost thaw and the formation of thermokarst landscapes that release long-term carbon stocks as greenhouse into the atmosphere, thereby initiating a positive climate feedback. These processes are mediated by biological activity, including by microbes, vascular plants and animals, whereas the role of invertebrates in thermokarst ecosystems remains poorly understood. We investigated the diversity and assemblage structures of zooplankton (mainly Copepoda, Cladocera), microbenthos (testate amoebae) and meio- (Copepoda and Cladocera) and macrozoobenthos (mollusks, crustaceans, insects and annelids) from a range of water bodies representing different stages of thermokarst lake formation in the southern part of the Lena River Delta (Central Siberia). Altogether, 206 species of testate amoeba, mollusk, crustacean, insect and annelid taxa were identified. A total of 60 species of macrozoobenthos (mainly insects) and 62 species of testate amoebae were detected in the water bodies of the Lena River Delta for the first time. The species richness of zooplankton and meio- and macrozoobenthos was greater in the large thermokarst lakes than in the polygonal ponds due to the freezing of the latter in the winter. In contrast, the species richness of protists was higher in the polygonal ponds, which was related to the habitat preferences of testate amoebae. Fish grazing strongly affected the macrobenthos assemblages but not the smaller-sized organisms. Water acidity and temperature were the main environmental drivers of the assemblage structure of testate amoeba and microcrustacean. The species structure of the macroinvertebrate assemblages was significantly explained by water acidity, permafrost depth and size of the water area. It means that small size organisms with their short generation times are sensitive to more dynamic factors such as temperature and may serve as indicators of ecosystem changes due to global climate warming. In contrast, large size organisms are affected by driven factors that appear during thermokarst lakes formation and permafrost degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S. Chertoprud
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Leninsky Pr., 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Novichkova
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey N. Tsyganov
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Leninsky Pr., 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lada V. Vorobjeva
- Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 17 V. Krasnoselskaya, 107140 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton S. Esaulov
- Department of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Diseases, Penza State University, 40 Krasnaya Street, 440026 Penza, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518100, China
| | - Sergey V. Krylenko
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri A. Mazei
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology & Evolution, Leninsky Pr., 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- Department of General Ecology and Hydrobiology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518100, China
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Ren Z, Luo W, Zhang C. Rare bacterial biosphere is more environmental controlled and deterministically governed than abundant one in sediment of thermokarst lakes across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:944646. [PMID: 35958159 PMCID: PMC9358708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.944646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermokarst lakes are widely distributed in cold regions as a result of ice-rich permafrost thaw. Disentangling the biogeography of abundant and rare microbes is essential to understanding the environmental influences, assembly mechanisms, and responses to climate change of bacterial communities in thermokarst lakes. In light of this, we assessed the abundant and rare bacterial subcommunities in sediments from thermokarst lakes across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness was more strongly associated with location and climate factors for abundant subcommunities, while more strongly associated with physicochemical variables for rare subcommunities. The relative abundance of abundant and rare taxa showed opposite patterns with abundant taxa having greater relative abundance at higher latitude and pH, but at lower mean annual precipitation and nutrients. Both the abundant and rare subcommunities had a clear distribution pattern along the gradient of latitude and mean annual precipitation. Abundant subcommunities were dominantly shaped by dispersal limitation processes (80.9%), while rare subcommunities were shaped almost equally by deterministic (47.3%) and stochastic (52.7%) processes. The balance between stochastic and deterministic processes was strongly environmentally adjusted for rare subcommunities, while not associated with environmental changes for abundant subcommunities. The results shed light on biogeography patterns and structuring mechanisms of bacterial communities in thermokarst lakes, improving our ability to predict the influences of future climate change on these lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Ren
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ze Ren
| | - Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shanghai, China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Wei Luo
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
- School of Engineering Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
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