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Song XT, Zhang JN, Zhao DW, Zhai YF, Lu Q, Qi MY, Lu MH, Deng SL, Han HB, Yang XQ, Yao YC. Molecular cloning, expression, and functional features of IGF1 splice variants in sheep. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:980-994. [PMID: 34319906 PMCID: PMC8428077 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), also known as somatomedin C, is essential for the regulation of animal growth and development. In many species, the IGF1 gene can be alternatively spliced into multiple transcripts, encoding different pre-pro-IGF1 proteins. However, the exact alternative splicing patterns of IGF1 and the sequence information of different splice variants in sheep are still unclear. In this study, four splice variants (class 1-Ea, class 1-Eb, class 2-Ea, and class 2-Eb) were obtained, but no IGF1 Ec, similar to that found in other species, was discovered. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the four splice variants shared the same mature peptide (70 amino acids) and possessed distinct signal peptides and E peptides. Tissue expression analysis indicated that the four splice variants were broadly expressed in all tested tissues and were most abundantly expressed in the liver. In most tissues and stages, the expression of class 1-Ea was highest, and the expression of other splice variants was low. Overall, levels of the four IGF1 splice variants at the fetal and lamb stages were higher than those at the adult stage. Overexpression of the four splice variants significantly increased fibroblast proliferation and inhibited apoptosis (P < 0.05). In contrast, silencing IGF1 Ea or IGF1 Eb with siRNA significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis (P < 0.05). Among the four splice variants, class 1-Ea had a more evident effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis. In summary, the four ovine IGF1 splice variants have different structures and expression patterns and might have different biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Ting Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Duo-Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Fei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mei-Yu Qi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Hai Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Heilongjiang State Farms Science Technology Vocational College, Harbin, China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Bing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y-C Yao or X-Q Yang: or
| | - Yu-Chang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Y-C Yao or X-Q Yang: or
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Annibalini G, Bielli P, De Santi M, Agostini D, Guescini M, Sisti D, Contarelli S, Brandi G, Villarini A, Stocchi V, Sette C, Barbieri E. MIR retroposon exonization promotes evolutionary variability and generates species-specific expression of IGF-1 splice variants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2016; 1859:757-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Oberbauer AM. Developmental programming: the role of growth hormone. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:8. [PMID: 25774292 PMCID: PMC4358872 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental programming of the fetus has consequences for physiologic responses in the offspring as an adult and, more recently, is implicated in the expression of altered phenotypes of future generations. Some phenotypes, such as fertility, bone strength, and adiposity are highly relevant to food animal production and in utero factors that impinge on those traits are vital to understand. A key systemic regulatory hormone is growth hormone (GH), which has a developmental role in virtually all tissues and organs. This review catalogs the impact of GH on tissue programming and how perturbations early in development influence GH function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita M Oberbauer
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA
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Rehm A, Gätjen M, Gerlach K, Scholz F, Mensen A, Gloger M, Heinig K, Lamprecht B, Mathas S, Bégay V, Leutz A, Lipp M, Dörken B, Höpken UE. Dendritic cell-mediated survival signals in Eμ-Myc B-cell lymphoma depend on the transcription factor C/EBPβ. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5057. [PMID: 25266931 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The capacity of dendritic cells (DCs) to regulate tumour-specific adaptive immune responses depends on their proper differentiation and homing status. Whereas DC-associated tumour-promoting functions are linked to T-cell tolerance and formation of an inflammatory milieu, DC-mediated direct effects on tumour growth have remained unexplored. Here we show that deletion of DCs substantially delays progression of Myc-driven lymphomas. Lymphoma-exposed DCs upregulate immunomodulatory cytokines, growth factors and the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ). Moreover, Eμ-Myc lymphomas induce the preferential translation of the LAP/LAP* isoforms of C/EBPβ. C/EBPβ(-/-) DCs are unresponsive to lymphoma-associated cytokine changes and in contrast to wild-type DCs, they are unable to mediate enhanced Eμ-Myc lymphoma cell survival. Antigen-specific T-cell proliferation in lymphoma-bearing mice is impaired; however, this immune suppression is reverted by the DC-restricted deletion of C/EBPβ. Thus, we show that C/EBPβ-controlled DC functions are critical steps for the creation of a lymphoma growth-promoting and -immunosuppressive niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Rehm
- 1] Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany [2] Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Gätjen
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Gerlach
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Scholz
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela Mensen
- 1] Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany [2]
| | - Marleen Gloger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kristina Heinig
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Lamprecht
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Mathas
- 1] Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany [2] Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Valérie Bégay
- Department of Cell Differentiation and Tumorigenesis, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Achim Leutz
- Department of Cell Differentiation and Tumorigenesis, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lipp
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Dörken
- 1] Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany [2] Department of Hematology and Oncology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta E Höpken
- Department of Tumor Genetics and Immunogenetics, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, MDC, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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