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Du Z, Wang T, Ming W, Luo W, Xu H, Lin R, Wen A. Characterization of Myostain (MSTN) and Myogenic Differentiation Antigen (MyoD) and the Effect of Dexamethasone on Their Expression in Large-Scale Loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2020; 32:157-167. [PMID: 33090554 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) and myogenic differentiation antigen (MyoD) play an essential role in specification and differentiation of skeletal muscle. However, the role of stress in the regulation of MyoD and MSTN has not been fully revealed and more evidence should be provided. Here, we reported the cloning and expressional analyses of MSTN and MyoD in Large-scale Loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus (hereafter PdMSTN and PdMyoD). Injecting individuals with 0, 60, 600, and 1,200 μg/kg dexamethasone (DXM) for five consecutive days resulted in a dose-dependent change of PdMSTN and PdMyoD expression. The expression of PdMSTN was upregulated with increasing DXM concentrations, while PdMyoD expression was downregulated. The changes in the expression of these genes at different time points for 10 consecutive days were studied after individuals were treated with 600 μg/kg DXM. Compared with the control group, PdMSTN expression decreased and PdMyoD expression increased before 12 h, and both PdMSTN and PdMyoD expression levels increased at 24 h, which was significantly higher than those in control group. At a prolonged treatment of 5-10 d, expression levels of PdMSTN and PdMyoD had significantly reduced. The results indicate that both PdMyoD and PdMSTN are involved in DXM-induced stress in Large-scale Loach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongjun Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Tianzhu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei Ming
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Wei Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huaming Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Rongnan Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
| | - Anxiang Wen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, China
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Wu L, Li Y, Xu Y, Wang L, Ma X, Dong C, Zhao X, Tian X, Li X, Kong X. The roles of two myostatins and immune effects after inhibition in Qi river crucian carp (Carassius auratus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:710-719. [PMID: 31707005 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin, through type I receptor (kinase 4, 5, ALK4/5), functions to participate in the immune system and negatively regulate muscle growth in mammals. However, the role of myostatin (mstn) in the immune system of teleosts is largely unknown. In a previous study, we cloned the mstn1 cDNA encoding myostatin in Qi river crucian carp (Carassius auratus). In the present study, we have cloned mstn2 cDNA, which was characterized and analyzed together with mstn1. Tissue distribution analysis showed that both mstn genes are expressed in numerous tissues, with mstn1 dominantly expressed in the muscle and brain, whereas mstn2 is mainly expressed in the brain. During embryogenesis, mstn1 and mstn2 exhibit different expression patterns. Both mstn1 and mstn2 expression increased stepwise in the brain at different developmental stages. Furthermore, both genes are differentially regulated during different periods of fasting/re-feeding. Following the exposure of C. auratus to polyI:C, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Aeromonas hydrophila, both genes were upregulated in different tissues, which indicated that they might be involved in the immune response against pathogenic invasion. Blocking the Mstn signal pathway with SB-431542 (a chemical inhibitor of ALK4/5) resulted in significantly increased body length and weight. However, the mortality of SB-431542-treated fish was higher after A. hydrophila challenge. Moreover, decreased expression of lysozymes (lyz), complement component 3 (c3), β-defensin 3 (defb3), and interferon γ (ifnγ) were exhibited in treated fish, compared with the controls. Furthermore, the expression of nf-κb1, three pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il6, and tnfα), and inflammatory cytokines (il8 and il10) were significantly increased in both the SB-431542-treated group and the control after A. hydrophila infection, suggesting that the NF-κB pathway was not suppressed in the SB-431542-treated fish. Taken together, our data suggest that both mstn1 and mstn2 play important roles in early body development, muscle growth, and the immune system by acting downstream of the NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Yongjing Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Chuanju Dong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xue Tian
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
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Molecular characterization, expression analysis of myostatin gene and its negative regulation by miR-29b-3p in Chinese concave-eared frogs (Odorrana tormota). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 240:110369. [PMID: 31676334 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The molecular characteristics, expression patterns and functions of the amphibian myostatin (MSTN) gene are unknown. Here, we isolated a full-length Odorrana tormota MSTN cDNA sequence of 1701 bp (Ot-MSTN), containing a putative N-terminal signal peptide, a TGF-β propeptide domain and an active peptide. Ot-MSTN was expressed in 9 selected tissues examined, and the highest level of expression was in thigh muscle, followed by brain and female gonadal tissue. The expression of Ot-MSTN in multiple O. tormota tissues supported that the activities of MSTN may be not limited to skeletal muscle. Ot-MSTN expression was decreased from stage 31 to stage 40, while the growth rate was increased. The expression of Ot-MSTN in adult male frogs increased with age, indicating that adult male frogs may inhibit the continued hypertrophy of thigh muscle fibers and decrease the growth rate of thigh muscle to ensure muscles do not grow too large. Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-29b-3p directly targeted the 3'-UTR of Ot-MSTN. miR-29b-3p expression in the thigh muscle of 2 yrs. females who grew faster was significantly lower than that of the slow-growing 2 yrs. male individuals, which showed an opposite trend with Ot-MSTN expression. In addition,miR-29b-3p expression reversed trends of Ot-MSTN expression at different developmental stages in thigh muscle. Therefore, these data indicate that miR-29-3p may negatively regulate the expression of MSTN and regulate thigh muscle growth and development in O. tormota.
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Fan S, Xu Y, Liu B, He W, Zhang B, Su J, Yu D. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the myostatin gene and its association with growth traits in Noble scallop ( Chlamys nobilis ). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 212:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zheng GD, Sun CF, Pu JW, Chen J, Jiang XY, Zou SM. Two myostatin genes exhibit divergent and conserved functions in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 214:68-76. [PMID: 25819013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is an important negative regulator of myogenesis, which inhibits myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of two mstn genes in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Grass carp mstn-1 and mstn-2 cDNAs are highly divergent, sharing a relatively low amino acid sequence identity of 66%. In adult fish, both orthologs are expressed in numerous tissues and they are differentially regulated during a fasting/refeeding treatments. During embryogenesis, the mRNA levels of both mstn-1 and -2 were upregulated significantly at the beginning of somitogenesis, and maintained at high levels until hatching. Using in situ hybridization, grass carp mstn-1 mRNA was found to ubiquitously express at 12hpf, with strong signals in the notochord, and in the eyes, brain and tailbud at 24hpf, and in brain and notochord at 36hpf. In comparison, the mstn-2 mRNA can be detected in the eyes, brain and notochord at 24hpf, and in the notochord and hindbrain at 36hpf. Further overexpression of mstn-1 mRNA caused a strongly ventralized phenotype by inhibiting dorsal tissue development, while injection of mstn-2 mRNA resulted in obvious embryonic abnormalities in grass carp. These results provide some new insights into the functional conservation and divergence of mstn genes in teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Cheng-Fei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jian-Wei Pu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xia-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
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