1
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Luo D, Yu C, Yu J, Su C, Li S, Liang P. p53-mediated G1 arrest requires the induction of both p21 and Killin in human colon cancer cells. Cell Cycle 2021; 21:140-151. [PMID: 34878965 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2014249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The main biological function of the tumor suppressor p53 is to control cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Among the p53 target genes, p21 has been identified as a key player in p53-mediated G1 arrest, while Killin, via its high DNA binding affinity, has been implicated in S and G2/M arrest. However, whether Killin is involved in G1 arrest remains unclear. This research aimed to explore the role of Killin in p53-mediated G1 arrest. Knockout of killin in human colorectal cells led to a dramatic decrease in p53-mediated G1 arrest upon DNA damage. Moreover, double knockout of killin and p21 completely abolished G1 arrest, similar to that of p53 knockout cells. We further showed that Killin could upregulate p21 protein expression independent of p53 via ubiquitination pathways. Immunoprecipitation studies indicated that Killin may directly bind to proteasome subunits, thereby disrupting proteasomal degradation of p21. Together, these results demonstrate that Killin is involved in multiple cell cycle checkpoint controls, including p53-mediated G1 arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chune Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Su
- Laboratory of Tumor Targeted and Immune Therapy, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Liang
- Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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2
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Wu P, Li X, Yang M, Huang Z, Mo H, Li T, Zhang Y, Li H. High-throughput, one-step screening, cloning and expression based on the lethality of DpnI in Escherichia coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 504:177-183. [PMID: 30172375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The manipulation of recombinant DNA has been an integral step in molecular biology to date. A number of strategies have been developed over the years, as traditional cloning methods are time consuming, have high backgrounds and low efficiency and are often limited by the number of suitable restriction sites available. Here, we constructed a series of new positive-selection-based cloning vectors that overcome most of the above mentioned drawbacks and can be applied in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. This strategy is based on the extreme toxicity of DpnI in wild-type E. coli and the inactivation of this lethality by the introduction of target gene within multiple cloning sites. There are no rapid approaches for identifying soluble proteins for high-throughput screening. In this study, we combined this highly efficient cloning strategy with rapid identification of soluble proteins to construct vectors with multiple fusion tags, such as MBP, GST, CBD, NusA, and Sumo, to generate enzymes with potential diagnostic, industrial or therapeutic applications. Thus, this versatile positive-selection-based technology is appropriate for routine cloning, DNA library construction, and high-throughput screening for the expression of proteins of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Maocheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengzhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongya Mo
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715, Chongqing, China.
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3
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Liu X, Li T, Hart DJ, Gao S, Wang H, Gao H, Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, An Y. A universal mini-vector and an annealing of PCR products (APP)-based cloning strategy for convenient molecular biological manipulations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:978-982. [PMID: 29448102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the most widely used strategies for molecular cloning are sticky-end ligation-based cloning, TA cloning, blunt-end ligation-based cloning and ligase-independent cloning. In this study we have developed a novel mini-vector pANY1 which can simultaneously meet the requirements of all these cloning strategies. In addition, the selection of appropriate restriction digestion sites is difficult in some cases because of the presence of internal sites. In this study, an annealing of PCR products (APP)-based sticky-end cloning strategy was introduced to avoid this issue. Additionally, false positives occur during molecular cloning, which increases the workload of isolating positive clones. The plasmid pANY1 contains a ccdB cassette between multiple cloning sites, which efficiently avoids these false positives. Therefore, this mini-vector should serve as a useful tool with wide applications in biosciences, agriculture, food technologies, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Liu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tuoping Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Darren J Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38044, France
| | - Song Gao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China; College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Herui Gao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shumin Xu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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4
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Ramos AE, Muñoz M, Moreno-Pérez DA, Patarroyo MA. pELMO, an optimised in-house cloning vector. AMB Express 2017; 7:26. [PMID: 28116699 PMCID: PMC5265227 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA cloning is an essential tool regarding DNA recombinant technology as it allows the replication of foreign DNA fragments within a cell. pELMO was here constructed as an in-house cloning vector for rapid and low-cost PCR product propagation; it is an optimally designed vector containing the ccdB killer gene from the pDONR 221 plasmid, cloned into the pUC18 vector’s multiple cloning site (Thermo Scientific). The ccdB killer gene has a cleavage site (CCC/GGG) for the SmaI restriction enzyme which is used for vector linearisation and cloning blunt-ended products. pELMO transformation efficiency was evaluated with different sized inserts and its cloning efficiency was compared to that of the pGEM-T Easy commercial vector. The highest pELMO transformation efficiency was observed for ~500 bp DNA fragments; pELMO vector had higher cloning efficiency for all insert sizes tested. In-house and commercial vector cloned insert reads after sequencing were similar thus highlighting that sequencing primers were designed and localised appropriately. pELMO is thus proposed as a practical alternative for in-house cloning of PCR products in molecular biology laboratories.
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5
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Yao S, Hart DJ, An Y. Recent advances in universal TA cloning methods for use in function studies. Protein Eng Des Sel 2016; 29:551-556. [PMID: 27578885 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzw047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the simplest and most efficient cloning methods, T-vector-based TA cloning has been widely used for cloning of single genes and construction of DNA libraries. This approach is especially suitable for high-throughput cloning of diverse DNA fragments since inserts can be cloned without knowledge of their sequence; it is therefore an ideal tool for high-throughput analysis of protein structure and function. Although most of the currently available T-vectors can only be used for cloning purposes, some novel variants with improved functions have be developed. This review focuses on recent developments of universal TA cloning methods and T-vectors constructed for function studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yao
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Darren J Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA, CNRS, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble38044, France
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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6
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Zhou H, Liu X, Yu R, Long T, Zhao R, Liu H, Xu Y, Liang JG, Liang P. Alternative splicing directs two IL-20R2 isoforms and is responsible for the incomplete gene knockout via the exon I ablation. Genes Immun 2016; 17:220-7. [PMID: 27009487 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2016.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Two heterodimeric receptors consisting of interleukin (IL)-20R2 are shared by three of the IL-20 family of cytokines, IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24. Along with IL-22, these cytokines are downstream effectors of IL-23 and have been implicated in keratinocyte functions and the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Surprisingly, whereas knocking out either the IL-23 or IL-22 gene abolished imiquimod-induced psoriatic phenotypes in mice, similar attempt for IL-20R2 had little effect. Here, we report that the apparent disparity may result from a new IL-20R2 isoform encoded by an alternatively spliced transcript which survived the previous attempt for IL-20R2 gene knockout via the exon I deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Yu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - T Long
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J G Liang
- Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
| | - P Liang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory for Gene and Cell Therapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- GenHunter Corporation, Nashville, TN, USA
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7
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Luo D, Wen C, Zhao R, Liu X, Liu X, Cui J, Liang JG, Liang P. High Level Expression and Purification of Recombinant Proteins from Escherichia coli with AK-TAG. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156106. [PMID: 27214237 PMCID: PMC4877045 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylate kinase (AK) from Escherichia coli was used as both solubility and affinity tag for recombinant protein production. When fused to the N-terminus of a target protein, an AK fusion protein could be expressed in soluble form and purified to near homogeneity in a single step from Blue-Sepherose via affinity elution with micromolar concentration of P1, P5- di (adenosine—5’) pentaphosphate (Ap5A), a transition-state substrate analog of AK. Unlike any other affinity tags, the level of a recombinant protein expression in soluble form and its yield of recovery during each purification step could be readily assessed by AK enzyme activity in near real time. Coupled to a His-Tag installed at the N-terminus and a thrombin cleavage site at the C terminus of AK, the streamlined method, here we dubbed AK-TAG, could also allow convenient expression and retrieval of a cleaved recombinant protein in high yield and purity via dual affinity purification steps. Thus AK-TAG is a new addition to the arsenal of existing affinity tags for recombinant protein expression and purification, and is particularly useful where soluble expression and high degree of purification are at stake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Wen
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongchuan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Peng Liang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Chengdu, China
- GenHunter Corporation, Grassmere Park, Nashville, United States of America
- * E-mail: ;
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8
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Use of adenylate kinase as a solubility tag for high level expression of T4 DNA ligase in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2015; 109:79-84. [PMID: 25700573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of T4 DNA ligase in 1960s was pivotal in the spread of molecular biotechnology. The enzyme has become ubiquitous for recombinant DNA routinely practiced in biomedical research around the globe. Great efforts have been made to express and purify T4 DNA ligase to meet the world demand, yet over-expression of soluble T4 DNA ligase in E. coli has been difficult. Here we explore the use of adenylate kinase to enhance T4 DNA ligase expression and its downstream purification. E.coli adenylate kinase, which can be expressed in active form at high level, was fused to the N-terminus of T4 DNA ligase. The resulting His-tagged AK-T4 DNA ligase fusion protein was greatly over-expressed in E. coli, and readily purified to near homogeneity via two purification steps consisting of Blue Sepharose and Ni-NTA chromatography. The purified AK-T4 DNA ligase not only is fully active for DNA ligation, but also can use ADP in addition to ATP as energy source since adenylate kinase converts ADP to ATP and AMP. Thus adenylate kinase may be used as a solubility tag to facilitate recombinant protein expression as well as their downstream purification.
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9
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Liang XY, Liang ZC, Zhang Z, Zhou JJ, Liu SY, Tian SL. Construction of a directional T vector for cloning PCR products and expression in Escherichia coli. Plasmid 2015; 79:15-21. [PMID: 25681561 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In order to clone PCR products and express them effectively in Escherichia coli, a directional cloning system was constructed by generating a T vector based on pQE-30Xa. The vector was prepared by inserting an XcmI cassette containing an endonuclease XcmI site, a kanamycin selective marker, a multiple-cloning-site (MCS) region and an opposite endonuclease XcmI site into the vector pQE-30Xa. The T vector pQE-T with single overhanging dT residues at both 3' ends was obtained by digesting with the restriction enzyme XcmI. For directional cloning, a BamHI site was introduced to the ends of the PCR products. A BamHI site was also located on the multiple cloning site of pQE-T. The PCR products were ligated with pQE-T. The directionally inserted recombinants were distinguished by using BamHI to digest the recombinants because there are two BamHI sites located on the both sides of PCR fragment. In order to identify the T-vector functions, the 14-3-3-ZsGreen and hRBP genes were amplified and a BamHI site was added to the ends of the genes to confirm this vector by ligation with pQE-T. Results showed that the 14-3-3-ZsGreen and hRBP were cloned to the vector pQE-T directly and corresponding proteins were successfully produced. It was here demonstrated that this directional vector is capable of gene cloning and is used to manipulate gene expression very easily. The methodology proposed here involves easy incorporation of the construct into other vectors in various hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yi Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Sheng-Li Tian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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