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Hu YY, Song W, Liu ZG, Ye XG, Zhang HW, Li X, Luo JX, Wang PY, Wang J, Lin XF, Zhu HL, Liao WP, Li B, Chen XQ. ARHGAP4 variants are associated with X-linked early-onset temporal lobe epilepsy. World J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12519-024-00830-1. [PMID: 39060771 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-024-00830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Chang-gang-dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
- Epilepsy Center and Neurology Department of Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Song
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Chang-gang-dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Department of pediatrics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Xing-Guang Ye
- Department of pediatrics, Foshan Women and Children Hospital, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Jun-Xia Luo
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Peng-Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Chang-gang-dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Chang-gang-dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Lin
- Huai'an Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Hong-Li Zhu
- Huai'an Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Huai'an, 223001, China
| | - Wei-Ping Liao
- Department of Neurology, Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Neuroscience and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Chang-gang-dong Road, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Neuroscience of Guangzhou Medical University and Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Chang-gang-dong Road 250, Guangzhou, 510260, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xu-Qin Chen
- Epilepsy Center and Neurology Department of Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
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Xiao X, Lv X, Lin T, Li J, Wang R, Tian S, Liu X, Liu S, Jiang H, Yue D, Wang Y. Rho GTPase-activating protein 4 is upregulated in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration. Cancer Biomark 2024; 40:205-223. [PMID: 38905034 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. Rho GTPase-activating protein 4 (ARHGAP4) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the role of ARHGAP4 in the progression of KIRC and its diagnostic and prognostic value. METHODS Multiple analytical methods and in vitro cell assays were used to explore the expression of ARHGAP4 and its value in the progression, diagnosis and prognosis of KIRC. The biological function of ARHGAP4 was studied by GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, and then the relationship between ARHGAP4 and immune infiltration was analyzed. RESULTS The expression of ARHGAP4 was significantly up-regulated in KIRC. We found that the high expression of ARHGAP4 was related to the progression of KIRC and suggested a poor prognosis. Compared with normal tissues, ARHGAP4 had a better diagnostic value in KIRC. The biological function of ARHGAP4 was related to immunity, and its expression was also closely related to tumor immune infiltration and immune checkpoints. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that ARHGAP4 may be a biomarker, which is related to the progression, diagnosis and prognosis of KIRC. Its biological functions are related to tumor immune infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Xiao
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofei Lv
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Lin
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianqiao Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoping Tian
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiming Liu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huamao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Dan Yue
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Li R, Yu H, Wang X, Wang W, Yan L, Guo F, Tian C, Yuan X, Zhao M, Zheng J, Gu M, Jia X, Gong D. Progressive hemifacial atrophy in a Chinese patient: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31872. [PMID: 36401472 PMCID: PMC9678538 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA) is a rare and progressive condition of unknown etiology that is characterized by chronic progressive atrophy of the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, and bone on 1 side of the face. However, its precise pathogenesis remains poorly understood. CASE PRESENTATION Here, we report a case of PHA, which manifested as left-sided facial atrophy. Whole-exome sequencing of peripheral blood samples from the patient and his parents, together with bioinformatics analyses, led to the identification of mutations in ARHGAP4 and CFAP47. CONCLUSION This report is the first to describe ARHGAP4 and CFAP47 mutations in a patient with PHA. These mutations may be related to the occurrence of hemifacial atrophy, although further studies are needed to clarify the role of ARHGAP4 and CFAP47 in the context of PHA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xizi Wang
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Weifei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lili Yan
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Fangjie Guo
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Conghui Tian
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiaoling Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Juan Zheng
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Mingliang Gu
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Key Laboratory of Genome Science and Information, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Jia
- Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Dianrong Gong
- Department of Neurology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
- *Correspondence: Dianrong Gong, Department of Joint Laboratory for Translational Medicine Research, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China (e-mail: )
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Khanal P, Hotulainen P. Dendritic Spine Initiation in Brain Development, Learning and Diseases and Impact of BAR-Domain Proteins. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092392. [PMID: 34572042 PMCID: PMC8468246 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small, bulbous protrusions along neuronal dendrites where most of the excitatory synapses are located. Dendritic spine density in normal human brain increases rapidly before and after birth achieving the highest density around 2-8 years. Density decreases during adolescence, reaching a stable level in adulthood. The changes in dendritic spines are considered structural correlates for synaptic plasticity as well as the basis of experience-dependent remodeling of neuronal circuits. Alterations in spine density correspond to aberrant brain function observed in various neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Dendritic spine initiation affects spine density. In this review, we discuss the importance of spine initiation in brain development, learning, and potential complications resulting from altered spine initiation in neurological diseases. Current literature shows that two Bin Amphiphysin Rvs (BAR) domain-containing proteins, MIM/Mtss1 and SrGAP3, are involved in spine initiation. We review existing literature and open databases to discuss whether other BAR-domain proteins could also take part in spine initiation. Finally, we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms on how BAR-domain proteins could regulate spine initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Khanal
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- HiLIFE-Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirta Hotulainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Tukholmankatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland;
- Correspondence:
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Identification of Novel Candidate Genes and Variants for Hearing Loss and Temporal Bone Anomalies. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040566. [PMID: 33924653 PMCID: PMC8069784 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hearing loss remains an important global health problem that is potentially addressed through early identification of a genetic etiology, which helps to predict outcomes of hearing rehabilitation such as cochlear implantation and also to mitigate the long-term effects of comorbidities. The identification of variants for hearing loss and detailed descriptions of clinical phenotypes in patients from various populations are needed to improve the utility of clinical genetic screening for hearing loss. Methods: Clinical and exome data from 15 children with hearing loss were reviewed. Standard tools for annotating variants were used and rare, putatively deleterious variants were selected from the exome data. Results: In 15 children, 21 rare damaging variants in 17 genes were identified, including: 14 known hearing loss or neurodevelopmental genes, 11 of which had novel variants; and three candidate genes IST1, CBLN3 and GDPD5, two of which were identified in children with both hearing loss and enlarged vestibular aqueducts. Patients with variants within IST1 and MYO18B had poorer outcomes after cochlear implantation. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of identifying novel variants and genes in ethnic groups that are understudied for hearing loss.
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Kellaris G, Khan K, Baig SM, Tsai IC, Zamora FM, Ruggieri P, Natowicz MR, Katsanis N. A hypomorphic inherited pathogenic variant in DDX3X causes male intellectual disability with additional neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features. Hum Genomics 2018; 12:11. [PMID: 29490693 PMCID: PMC5831694 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-018-0141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intellectual disability (ID) is a common condition with a population prevalence frequency of 1–3% and an enrichment for males, driven in part by the contribution of mutant alleles on the X-chromosome. Among the more than 500 genes associated with ID, DDX3X represents an outlier in sex specificity. Nearly all reported pathogenic variants of DDX3X are de novo, affect mostly females, and appear to be loss of function variants, consistent with the hypothesis that haploinsufficiency at this locus on the X-chromosome is likely to be lethal in males. Results We evaluated two male siblings with syndromic features characterized by mild-to-moderate ID and progressive spasticity. Quad-based whole-exome sequencing revealed a maternally inherited missense variant encoding p.R79K in DDX3X in both siblings and no other apparent pathogenic variants. We assessed its possible relevance to their phenotype using an established functional assay for DDX3X activity in zebrafish embryos and found that this allele causes a partial loss of DDX3X function and thus represents a hypomorphic variant. Conclusions Our genetic and functional data suggest that partial loss of function of DDX3X can cause syndromic ID. The p.R79K allele affects a region of the protein outside the critical RNA helicase domain, offering a credible explanation for the observed retention of partial function, viability in hemizygous males, and lack of pathology in females. These findings expand the gender spectrum of pathology of this locus and suggest that analysis for DDX3X variants should be considered relevant for both males and females. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40246-018-0141-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kellaris
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Athens Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Kamal Khan
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.,Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahid M Baig
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - I-Chun Tsai
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | | | - Paul Ruggieri
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Marvin R Natowicz
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Genomic Medicine Institutes, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA. .,Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Aspenström P. BAR Domain Proteins Regulate Rho GTPase Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1111:33-53. [PMID: 30151649 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvs (BAR) domain is a membrane lipid binding domain present in a wide variety of proteins, often proteins with a role in Rho-regulated signaling pathways. BAR domains do not only confer binding to lipid bilayers, they also possess a membrane sculpturing ability and thereby directly control the topology of biomembranes. BAR domain-containing proteins participate in a plethora of physiological processes but the common denominator is their capacity to link membrane dynamics to actin dynamics and thereby integrate processes such as endocytosis, exocytosis, vesicle trafficking, cell morphogenesis and cell migration. The Rho family of small GTPases constitutes an important bridging theme for many BAR domain-containing proteins. This review article will focus predominantly on the role of BAR proteins as regulators or effectors of Rho GTPases and it will only briefly discuss the structural and biophysical function of the BAR domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pontus Aspenström
- Department of Microbiology, and Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Bertling E, Hotulainen P. New waves in dendritic spine actin cytoskeleton: From branches and bundles to rings, from actin binding proteins to post-translational modifications. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 84:77-84. [PMID: 28479292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that form the postsynaptic part of most excitatory synapses. Changes in the number or strength of synapses are physiological mechanisms behind learning. The growth and maturation of dendritic spines and the activity-induced changes to their morphology are all based on changes to the actin cytoskeleton. In this review, we will discuss the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic spine formation and maturation, as well as in synaptic strengthening. Concerning spine formation, we will focus on spine initiation, which has received less attention in the literature. We will also examine the recently revealed regulation of the actin cytoskeleton through post-translational modifications of actin monomers, in addition to the conventional regulation of actin via actin-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni Bertling
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirta Hotulainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland.
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