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Wang Y, Zhu X, Gu Y, Liu Z, Mao Y, Liu X, Bai Z, Wang G, Li J. Study on the Role of Mitophagy Receptor PHB2 in Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of Hyriopsis cumingii. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 25:790-799. [PMID: 37594541 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
In bivalves, the heterogeneity of mitochondrial DNA and its unique mode of transmission have been the focus of attention, which is called doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI). Prohibitin-2 (phb2) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that is a key mitophagy receptor for parental mitochondrial removal. Hyriopsis cumingii is a freshwater bivalve in China, the full-length cDNA of H. cumingii phb2 (named Hcphb2) is 2917 bp and encodes a total of 300 amino acids, a highly conserved sequence. Hcphb2 was highly expressed in the ovary. In the gonadal tissues of 5- to 8-month-old female mussels, the expression level of Hcphb2 continued to significantly increase. After Hcphb2 siRNA interference in 6-month-old female mussels, the expression of M-COII, a marker gene on M-type mitochondria, showed a considerable increase (p < 0.05). In contrast, the expression of autophagosome formation and maturation-related genes, atg4b, atg5, atg12, and atg16l, in the ATG family genes was significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Subcellular localization showed that Hcphb2 appeared in spermatogonia, spermatocyte, spermatid, and sperm, and its location changes synchronize with the behavior of M-type mitochondria location changes in DUI species. And it was found that miR-184 negatively regulated Hcphb2. The above results suggest that the mitochondrial autophagy receptor gene Hcphb2 may be associated with the degradation of M-type mitochondria in the freshwater mussel. This process requires multiple genes to participate, of which Hcphb2 and autophagy genes are only some of those that may play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Xiaoyue Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zongyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yingrui Mao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, 314000, China
- Taizhou Innovation Center, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Zhiyi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai, 201306, China
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Wang J, Gao X, Du C, Tang D, Hou C, Zhu J. The Effect of Prohibitins on Mitochondrial Function during Octopus tankahkeei Spermiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10030. [PMID: 37373178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential for spermiogenesis. Prohibitins (PHBs; prohibitin 1, PHB1 or PHB, and prohibitin 2, PHB2) are evolutionarily conserved and ubiquitously expressed mitochondrial proteins that act as scaffolds in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In this study, we analyzed the molecular structure and dynamic expression characteristics of Ot-PHBs, observed the colocalization of Ot-PHB1 with mitochondria and polyubiquitin, and studied the effect of phb1 knockdown on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis-related gene expression in spermatids. Our aim was to explore the effect of Ot-PHBs on mitochondrial function during the spermiogenesis of Octopus tankahkeei (O. tankahkeei), an economically important species in China. The predicted Ot-PHB1/PHB2 proteins contained an N-terminal transmembrane, a stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK/C (SPFH) domain (also known as the prohibitin domain), and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. Ot-phb1/phb2 mRNA were widely expressed in the different tissues, with elevated expression in the testis. Further, Ot-PHB1 and Ot-PHB2 were highly colocalized, suggesting that they may function primarily as an Ot-PHB compiex in O. tankahkeei. Ot-PHB1 proteins were mainly expressed and localized in mitochondria during spermiogenesis, implying that their function may be localized to the mitochondria. In addition, Ot-PHB1 was colocalized with polyubiquitin during spermiogenesis, suggesting that it may be a polyubiquitin substrate that regulates mitochondrial ubiquitination during spermiogenesis to ensure mitochondrial quality. To further investigate the effect of Ot-PHBs on mitochondrial function, we knocked down Ot-phb1 and observed a decrease in mtDNA content, along with increases in ROS levels and the expressions of mitochondria-induced apoptosis-related genes bax, bcl2, and caspase-3 mRNA. These findings indicate that PHBs might influence mitochondrial function by maintaining mtDNA content and stabilizing ROS levels; in addition, PHBs might affect spermatocyte survival by regulating mitochondria-induced apoptosis during spermiogenesis in O. tankahkeei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Daojun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo 315211, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Sheng Y, Wan H, Zhang Z, Li S, Wang Y. A new insight into potential roles of Spfoxl-2 in the testicular development of Scylla paramamosain by RNAi and transcriptome analysis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 280:111410. [PMID: 36842753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we found that the Spfoxl-2 transcript was highly expressed in gonads and explored its potential target genes in the ovary of Scylla paramamosain. In the current study, we primally analyzed its potential target genes in the testis through RNAi and RNA-Seq technology and compared with that in the ovary. The results showed that a total of 7892 unigenes were differentially expressed after Spfoxl-2 silencing in the testis, including plenty of conserved genes involved in testicular development, such as Dmrt family genes, Sox family genes, Caspase family genes, Cdk family genes, Kinesin family genes, Fox family genes and other genes. Further analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in crucial pathways involved in spermatogenesis, such as DNA replication, Cell cycle, Spliceosome, Homologous recombination, Meiosis and Apoptosis. The comparison results of potential target genes in the ovary and testis reveal 135 common potential target genes, including some genes involved in the immune response. According to our knowledge, the present work was the first to disclose the functions of foxl-2 in the testis of crustacean species using transcriptome analysis. It not only identifies key genes and pathways involved in the testicular development of S. paramamosain, but also reveals a new molecular-level understanding of the function of foxl-2 in testicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhen Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Haifu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515003, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; Fujian Engineering Research Center of Aquatic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Characterization of Mitochondrial Prohibitin in Opsariichthys bidens and Its Potential Functions in Spermatogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137295. [PMID: 35806298 PMCID: PMC9266877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is the intricate and coordinated process by which spermatogonia develop into haploid differentiated spermatozoa. Mitochondria are essential for spermatogenesis, and prohibitin (PHB) is closely associated with mitochondrial structure and function during spermatogenesis. Although PHB has been implicated in spermatogenesis in some taxa, its roles in Opsariichthys bidens have not been determined. In this study, the expression patterns and potential functions of PHB in spermatogenesis in O. bidens were characterized using histological microscopic observations, PCR cloning, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), Western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF). The full-length cDNA of Ob-phb was 1500 bp encoding 271 amino acids. A sequence alignment demonstrated that the PHB protein is conserved among different animals. qPCR revealed that phb mRNA is widely distributed in O. bidens and highly expressed in the testes at stages IV and V. WB revealed that Ob-PHB is located in the mitochondria of testes. IF revealed the colocalization of PHB signals and mitochondria. Signals were detected around nuclei in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, gradually moving to the tail region during spermiogenesis, and finally aggregating in the midpiece. These results indicate that Ob-PHB was expressed in the mitochondria during spermatogenesis. In addition, this study proposed Ob-PHB may participate in the degradation of mitochondria and cell differentiation during spermatogenesis.
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Expression and functional analysis of cytoplasmic dynein during spermatogenesis in Portunus trituberculatus. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:191-203. [PMID: 34477967 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of acrosome formation in the crab sperm is a hot topic in crustacean reproduction research. Dynein is a motor protein that performs microtubule-dependent retrograde transport and plays an essential role in spermatogenesis. However, whether cytoplasmic dynein participates in acrosome formation in the crab sperm remains poorly understood. In this study, we cloned the cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain gene (Pt-DIC) from Portunus trituberculatus testis. Pt-DIC is composed of a p150glued-binding domain, a dynein light chain (DLC)-binding domain, and a dynein heavy chain (DHC)-binding domain. The Pt-DIC gene is widely expressed in different tissues, showing the highest expression in the testis, and it is expressed in different stages of spermatid development, indicating important functions in spermatogenesis. We further observed the colocalization of Pt-DIC and Pt-DHC, Pt-DHC and tubulin, and Pt-DHC and GM130, and the results indicated that cytoplasmic dynein may participate in nuclear shaping and acrosome formation via vesicle transport. In addition, we examined the colocalization of Pt-DHC and a mitochondrion (MT) tracker and that of Pt-DHC and prohibitin (PHB). The results indicated that cytoplasmic dynein participated in mitochondrial transport and mitochondrial degradation. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that cytoplasmic dynein participates in acrosome formation, nuclear shaping, and mitochondrial transport during spermiogenesis in P. trituberculatus. This study will provide valuable guidance for the artificial fertilization and reproduction of P. trituberculatus.
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Gao X, Du C, Zheng X, Hou C, Wang Y, Xu S, Yang Y, Zhu J, Jin S. Characterisation, expression and possible functions of prohibitin during spermatogenesis in the silver pomfret Pampus argenteus. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:1084-1098. [PMID: 32741428 DOI: 10.1071/rd19381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an important role in spermatogenesis, and some mitochondrial proteins are specifically related to this process. In this study we investigated the cytological characteristics of spermatogenic cells, including mitochondrial dynamics, during spermatogenesis in Pampus argenteus. In addition, we characterised the mitochondria-related protein prohibitin (PHB), which has been reported to play roles in mitochondrial dynamics and animal fertility. The full-length cDNA of the P. argenteus phb gene (Pa-phb) is 1687bp, including a 102-bp 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 772-bp 3'-UTR and an 813-bp open reading frame encoding 271 amino acids. The predicted P. argenteus PHB protein (Pa-PHB) contains three functional domains (a transmembrane domain, an SPFH domain (the conserved region of stomatins, prohibitins, flotillins and HflK/C) and a coiled-coil domain) and exhibits high similarity with its homologue in other animals. The Pa-phb gene was widely expressed in all tissues examined, especially the liver and heart. We primarily focused on Pa-phb expression during spermatogenesis after observing the cytological features of male germ cells, and found that Pa-phb transcripts were detected throughout the course of development of male germ cells. Notably, we observed colocalised signals of Pa-PHB and mitochondria, which were distributed in the cytoplasm around the nucleus in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and early spermatids, tended to move to one side of the cell in middle spermatids and, finally, were colocalised in the sperm midpiece. These observations indicate that Pa-PHB is primarily localised in mitochondria during spermatogenesis, indicating that it has a role in mitochondria. Based on the results of this and previous studies regarding the essential roles of PHB in mitochondria and spermatogenesis in animals, we propose a functional model for PHB during spermatogenesis, including possible roles in the proliferation of spermatogonia and in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology and function in spermatogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Chen Du
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Congcong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Shanliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
| | - Junquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China; and Corresponding author.
| | - Shan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology by the Ministry of Education, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, PR China
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de Melo KP, Camargo M. Mechanisms for sperm mitochondrial removal in embryos. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118916. [PMID: 33276010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different animal species have different characteristics regarding the transmission of mitochondrial DNA. While some species have biparental mitochondrial inheritance, others have developed pathways to remove paternal mtDNA. These pathways guarantee the uniparental mitochondrial inheritance, so far well known in mammals, avoiding heteroplasmy, which may have the potential to cause certain mitochondrial diseases in the offspring. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review aims to address the main mechanisms that involve mitochondrial degradation in different animal species, as well as to describe what is present in the literature on the mechanisms involved in mitochondrial inheritance. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Two theories are proposed to explain the uniparental inheritance of mtDNA: (i) active degradation, where mechanisms for paternal mitochondrial DNA elimination involve mitochondrial degradation pathway by autophagy and, in some species, may also involve the endocytic degradation pathway; and (ii) passive dilution, where the paternal mitochondria are diluted in the cells of the embryo according to cell division, until becoming undetectable. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This work brings a wide review of the already published evidence on mitochondrial inheritance in the animal kingdom and the possible mechanisms to mtDNA transmission already described in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Pacheco de Melo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Camargo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Human Reproduction Section, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Vigodner M, Lucas B, Kemeny S, Schwartz T, Levy R. Identification of sumoylated targets in proliferating mouse spermatogonia and human testicular seminomas. Asian J Androl 2020; 22:569-577. [PMID: 32217837 PMCID: PMC7705977 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_11_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is regulated by a complex network of posttranslation modifications. Sumoylation (a modification by small ubiquitin-like modifiers, or SUMO proteins) was identified as an important cellular event in different cell types. SUMO proteins are highly expressed in the testis, and their role during spermatogenesis has begun to be elucidated. Given the important role of sumoylation in the regulation of mitosis and cancer progression in other tissues, the aim of the current study was to identify the targets of SUMO in proliferating mouse spermatogonia and human seminoma tissues and to initially examine the level of sumoylation in relation to the proliferative activity of the tissues. Using freshly purified spermatogonia and C18-4 spermatogonia cell line, mass spectrometry analysis identified several SUMO targets implicated into the proliferation of spermatogonia (such as heat shock protein 60 [HSP60] and prohibitin). Tissue array and western blot approaches showed that SUMO expression is a prominent feature of human seminomas and that the proliferative activity of the tumor tissues was positively correlated with the level of SUMO expression. Downregulation of sumoylation with si-RNA was not sufficient to significantly affect the proliferation of C18-4 spermatogonia; however, SUMO overexpression increased the proliferation rate of the cells. These data suggest that cells are more sensitive to an elevated level of SUMO, and that this situation may lead to an upregulated cellular proliferation and, possibly, cancer. Mass spectrometry analysis identified around a hundred SUMO targets in seminoma samples. Notably, many of the identified proteins (such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen [PCNA], DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha [Top2A], prohibitin, 14-3-3 protein, and others) were implicated in oncogenic transformation and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Vigodner
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Benjamin Lucas
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Stav Kemeny
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tamar Schwartz
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Rebecca Levy
- Department of Biology, Stern College, Yeshiva University, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Liu R, Cheng WJ, Ye F, Zhang YD, Zhong QP, Dong HF, Tang HB, Jiang H. Comparative Transcriptome Analyses of Schistosoma japonicum Derived From SCID Mice and BALB/c Mice: Clues to the Abnormality in Parasite Growth and Development. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:274. [PMID: 32218772 PMCID: PMC7078119 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis, caused by the parasitic flatworms called schistosomes, remains one of the most prevailing parasitic diseases in the world. The prodigious oviposition of female worms after maturity is the main driver of pathology due to infection, yet our understanding about the regulation of development and reproduction of schistosomes is limited. Here, we comparatively profiled the transcriptome of Schistosoma japonicum recovered from SCID and BALB/c mice, which were collected 35 days post-infection, when prominent morphological abnormalities could be observed in schistosomes from SCID mice, by performing RNA-seq analysis. Of the 11,183 identified genes, 62 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 39 upregulated and 23 downregulated messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were found in male worms from SCID mice (S_M) vs. male worms from BALB/c mice (B_M), and 240 DEGs with 152 upregulated and 88 downregulated mRNAs were found in female worms from SCID mice (S_F) vs. female worms from BALB/c mice (B_F). We also tested nine DEGs with a relatively higher expression abundance in the gonads of the worms (ovary, vitellaria, or testis), suggesting their potential biological significance in the development and reproduction of the parasites. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that GO terms such as “microtubule-based process,” “multicellular organismal development,” and “Rho protein signal transduction” were significantly enriched in the DEGs in S_F vs. B_F, whereas GO terms such as “oxidation–reduction process,” “response to stress,” and “response to DNA damage stimulus” were significantly enriched in the DEGs in S_M vs. B_M. These results revealed that the differential expression of some important genes might contribute to the morphological abnormalities of worms in SCID mice. Furthermore, we selected one DEG, the mitochondrial prohibitin complex protein 1 (Phb1), to perform double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) in vivo targeting the worms in BALB/c mice, and we found that it was essential for the growth and reproductive development of both male and female S. japonicum worms. Taken together, these results provided a wealth of information on the differential gene expression profiles of schistosomes from SCID mice when compared with those from BALB/c mice, which were potentially involved in regulating the growth and development of schistosomes. These findings contributed to an understanding of parasite biology and provided a rich resource for the exploitation of antischistosomal intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Jun Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao-Dan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin-Ping Zhong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Fen Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Bin Tang
- Laboratory Animal Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Gu WB, Liu ZP, Zhou YL, Li B, Wang LZ, Dong WR, Chen YY, Shu MA. The nuclear factor interleukin 3-regulated (NFIL3) transcription factor involved in innate immunity by activating NF-κB pathway in mud crab Scylla paramamosain. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 101:103452. [PMID: 31319087 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
NFIL3 is a transcriptional activator of the IL-3 promoter in T cells. In vertebrates, it has been characterized as an essential regulator of several cellular processes such as immunity response, apoptosis and NK cells maturation. However, the identification and functional characterization of NFIL3 still remains unclear in arthropods. In this study, the NFIL3 homologue was firstly cloned and characterized in mud crab Scylla paramamosain. The full-length of SpNFIL3 was 2, 041 bp in length with an open reading frame of 1, 509 bp, containing a conserved basic region of leucin zipper domain. The qRT-PCR analysis indicated that SpNFIL3 was significantly highly expressed in hepatopancreas and in hemocytes. Moreover, the SpNFIL3 transcription could be up-regulated after the challenge of Vibrio alginolyticus or virus-analog Poly (I:C). The dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that SpNFIL3 could activate NF-κB pathway. The immunofluorescence assay indicated SpNFIL3 was located in nucleus. After NFIL3 was interfered in vivo and in vitro, the expressions of two NF-κB members (SpRelish and SpDorsal), six antimicrobial peptide genes (SpCrustin and SpALF2-6) and pro-inflammatory cytokine SpIL-16 were suppressed, and the bacteria clearance capacity of crabs was also markedly impaired in NFIL3 silenced crabs. These results indicated that SpNFIL3 played crucial role in the innate immunity of S. paramamosain and it also brought new insight into the origin and evolution of NFIL3 in arthropods and even in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze-Peng Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Zhi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Ren Dong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yin Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Qiu X, Yang H, Ren Z, Han S, Mu C, Li R, Ye Y, Song W, Shi C, Liu L, Wang H, Wang C. Characterization of PHB in the gonadal development of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 240:110338. [PMID: 31629811 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) is an evolutionarily conserved multifunctional protein with ubiquitous expression. In this study, we cloned the PHB gene from the testis of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus (PtPHB) and analyzed the deduced amino acid sequence. The expression level of phb mRNA in larvae was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The expression level of phb mRNA and PHB protein in different tissues were analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses of the PHB protein were conducted with the testis and ovaries from P. trituberculatus specimens at different developmental stages. PHB was localized with mitochondria and ubiquitin in the testis and ovaries. The PtPHB gene was found to contain an open reading frame of 825 bp, encoding a predicted peptide with 275 amino acids, sharing between 65.9% and 96.7% similarity with that of other species. The qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that the phb gene and PHB protein both expressed less in the testis and ovary than in other tissues, and the phb gene presented the lowest expression in the Z1 stage. Furthermore, the phb gene and PHB protein expression were different in the testis and ovaries at different developmental stages. PHB was mainly found to be co-localized with mitochondria and ubiquitin in cytoplasm and acrosome complex during spermatogenesis and in follicular cells during oogenesis. Interestingly, PHB-mitochondria signals and ubiquitin signal were also found in oocytes. These results indicated that PHB might play important roles during spermatogenesis and oogenesis by regulating mitochondrial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueni Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhiming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Shengming Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yangfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Weiwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
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12
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Hernando-Rodríguez B, Artal-Sanz M. Mitochondrial Quality Control Mechanisms and the PHB (Prohibitin) Complex. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120238. [PMID: 30501123 PMCID: PMC6315423 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial functions are essential for life, critical for development, maintenance of stem cells, adaptation to physiological changes, responses to stress, and aging. The complexity of mitochondrial biogenesis requires coordinated nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression, owing to the need of stoichiometrically assemble the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system for ATP production. It requires, in addition, the import of a large number of proteins from the cytosol to keep optimal mitochondrial function and metabolism. Moreover, mitochondria require lipid supply for membrane biogenesis, while it is itself essential for the synthesis of membrane lipids. To achieve mitochondrial homeostasis, multiple mechanisms of quality control have evolved to ensure that mitochondrial function meets cell, tissue, and organismal demands. Herein, we give an overview of mitochondrial mechanisms that are activated in response to stress, including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). We then discuss the role of these stress responses in aging, with particular focus on Caenorhabditis elegans. Finally, we review observations that point to the mitochondrial prohibitin (PHB) complex as a key player in mitochondrial homeostasis, being essential for mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation, and responding to mitochondrial stress. Understanding how mitochondria responds to stress and how such responses are regulated is pivotal to combat aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Hernando-Rodríguez
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
| | - Marta Artal-Sanz
- Andalusian Center for Developmental Biology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
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13
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Xu YR, Wang GY, Zhou YC, Yang WX. The characterization and potential roles of bone morphogenetic protein 7 during spermatogenesis in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Gene 2018; 673:119-129. [PMID: 29890312 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which belong to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, have been implicated in various biological and physiological processes, especially in the gonad development. However, scarce studies were focused on the roles of BMPs in the reproductive system of crustaceans. In this study, the whole gene encoding BMP7 protein was cloned and characterized firstly in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. The bioinformatics analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence showed that Es-BMP7 was composed of prodomain/latency-associated peptide and the TGF-β characteristic domain. The sequence conservation and phylogenetic analysis were also conducted. Quantitative real-time PCR was conducted indifferent tissues. The highest expression in testis indicated the potential role of BMP7 to male gonad development. Western blot results showed the different translational levels of BMP7 in different tissues. In-situ hybridization revealed that the expression of es-bmp7 signals presented in a bimodal manner: highest in spermatogonia, decreased in spermatocytes and stage I spermatids, disappeared in stage II spermatids, and showed up again in stage III spermatids and mature sperm. To further verify the potential roles during spermatogenesis, immunofluorescence was conducted and results showed the similar expression tendency with in situ hybridization. The protein signal was highest in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia, continued to decline in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes and the following stages, and weak signal was found in the mature sperm. Taken together, our results revealed that Es-BMP7 might play a part in testis development in Eriocheir sinensis, presumably by maintaining the self-renewal of spermatogonia and promoting the germ cell differentiation/meiotic mitosis, or facilitating the successful fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Xu
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gao-Yuan Wang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zhou
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wan-Xi Yang
- The Sperm Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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14
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The expression pattern and potential functions of PHB in the spermiogenesis of Phascolosoma esculenta. Gene 2018; 652:25-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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