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Shao W, Feng Y, Huang J, Li T, Gao S, Yang Y, Li D, Yang Z, Yao Z. Interaction of ncRNAs and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway: Implications for osteosarcoma. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220936. [PMID: 39119480 PMCID: PMC11306965 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, and is characterized by high heterogeneity, high malignancy, easy metastasis, and poor prognosis. Recurrence, metastasis, and multidrug resistance are the main problems that limit the therapeutic effect and prognosis of OS. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is often abnormally activated in OS tissues and cells, which promotes the rapid development, metastasis, and drug sensitivity of OS. Emerging evidence has revealed new insights into tumorigenesis through the interaction between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Therefore, we reviewed the interactions between the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and ncRNAs and their implication in OS. These interactions have the potential to serve as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Shao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Tingyu Li
- Clinical Oncology Institute, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Shengguai Gao
- Clinical Oncology Institute, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Yihao Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Dongqi Li
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Zuozhang Yang
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours Research Centre of Yunnan Province, Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
- Department of Cancer Research Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), No. 519 Kunzhou Road, Xishan District, Kunming, Yunnan, 650118, China
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Shekhar R, Kumari S, Vergish S, Tripathi P. The crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers: Potential therapeutic implications. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 386:133-165. [PMID: 38782498 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as central players in the regulation of eukaryotic physiological processes. These small double stranded RNA molecules have emerged as pivotal regulators in the intricate network of cellular signaling pathways, playing significant roles in the development and progression of human cancers. The central theme in miRNA-mediated regulation of signaling pathways involves their ability to target and modulate the expression of pathway components. Aberrant expression of miRNAs can either promote or suppress key signaling events, influencing critical cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. For example, oncogenic miRNAs often promote cancer progression by targeting tumor suppressors or negative regulators of signaling pathways, thereby enhancing pathway activity. Conversely, tumor-suppressive miRNAs frequently inhibit oncogenic signaling by targeting key components within these pathways. This complex regulatory crosstalk underscores the significance of miRNAs as central players in shaping the signaling landscape of cancer cells. Furthermore, the therapeutic implications of targeting miRNAs in cancer are substantial. miRNAs can be manipulated to restore normal signaling pathway activity, offering a potential avenue for precision medicine. The development of miRNA-based therapeutics, including synthetic miRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors, has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies. These strategies aim to either enhance the activity of tumor-suppressive miRNAs or inhibit the function of oncogenic miRNAs, thereby restoring balanced signaling and impeding cancer progression. In conclusion, the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in human cancers is a dynamic and influential aspect of cancer biology. Understanding this interplay provides valuable insights into cancer development and progression. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of miRNAs as regulators of signaling pathways opens up exciting opportunities for the development of innovative cancer treatments with the potential to improve patient outcomes. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the crosstalk between miRNAs and signaling pathways in the context of cancer and highlight the potential therapeutic implications of targeting this regulatory interplay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Shekhar
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Sujata Kumari
- Department of Zoology, Magadh Mahila College, Patna University, Patna, India
| | - Satyam Vergish
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Prajna Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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Chen HH, Hao PH, Zhang FY, Zhang TN. Non-coding RNAs in metabolic reprogramming of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: Fundamental mechanism and clinical implication. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114346. [PMID: 36738505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas, comprising approximately 1% of human malignancies, show a poor response to treatment and easy recurrence. Metabolic reprogramming play an important role in tumor development in sarcomas. Accumulating evidence shows that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulating the cellular metabolism of sarcomas, which improves the understanding of the development of therapy-resistant tumors. This review addresses the regulatory roles of metabolism-related ncRNAs and their implications for sarcoma initiation and progression. Dysregulation of metabolism-related ncRNAs is common in sarcomas and is associated with poor survival. Emerging studies show that abnormal expression of metabolism-related ncRNAs affects cellular metabolism, including glucose, lipid, and mitochondrial metabolism, and leads to the development of aggressive sarcomas. This review summarizes recent advances in the roles of dysregulated metabolism-related ncRNAs in sarcoma development and stemness and describes their potential to serve as biological biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis prediction, as well as therapeutic targets for treating refractory sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Peng-Hui Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Fang-Yuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
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Feng Z, Ou Y, Hao L. The roles of glycolysis in osteosarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:950886. [PMID: 36059961 PMCID: PMC9428632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.950886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is of great significance in the progression of various cancers and is critical for cancer progression, diagnosis, and treatment. Cellular metabolic pathways mainly include glycolysis, fat metabolism, glutamine decomposition, and oxidative phosphorylation. In cancer cells, reprogramming metabolic pathways is used to meet the massive energy requirement for tumorigenesis and development. Metabolisms are also altered in malignant osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Among reprogrammed metabolisms, alterations in aerobic glycolysis are key to the massive biosynthesis and energy demands of OS cells to sustain their growth and metastasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that compared to normal cells, glycolysis in OS cells under aerobic conditions is substantially enhanced to promote malignant behaviors such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of OS. Glycolysis in OS is closely related to various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and numerous signaling pathways have been reported to be involved in the regulation of glycolysis. In recent years, a vast number of inhibitors and natural products have been discovered to inhibit OS progression by targeting glycolysis-related proteins. These potential inhibitors and natural products may be ideal candidates for the treatment of osteosarcoma following hundreds of preclinical and clinical trials. In this article, we explore key pathways, glycolysis enzymes, non-coding RNAs, inhibitors, and natural products regulating aerobic glycolysis in OS cells to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between glycolysis and the progression of OS and discover novel therapeutic approaches targeting glycolytic metabolism in OS.
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Li M, Yang Y, Zong J, Wang Z, Jiang S, Fu X, He X, Li X, Xue Q, Wang JX, Yu T. miR-564: A potential regulator of vascular smooth muscle cells and therapeutic target for aortic dissection. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 170:100-114. [PMID: 35728350 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic dissection (AD) is a lethal cardiac disorder and one of the most concerning cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Increasing evidence indicates that human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD, especially related to phenotypic transformation. And notablely, the development of AD is also accompanied by inflammation. METHODS By using quantitative real-time PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we detected the expression levels of miR-564 in vitro and in vivo. The effects of miR-564 proliferation and migration were investigated in VSMCs. The downstream targets of miR-564 were found by bioinformatics analyse, and verified in the regulation on VSMCs. An AD murine model was constructed and clinical evaluation was performed to explore the critical roles of miR-564 in vivo. At the same time, the level of inflammation was detected using quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Overexpression of miR-564 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, as well as phenotype switch, with or without platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) treatment, whereas downregulation of miR-564 led to opposite results. Mechanistically, miR-564 directly interacted with the target genes proto-oncogene (SKI) and neurogranin (NRGN) to regulate the biological functions of VSMCs. In particular, animal experiments demonstrated that miR-564 can alleviate the progression of AD mainly through mediating phenotypic swithing and inflammation which was consistent with clinical evaluation. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified miR-564 as a significant molecule that attenuates AD progression by inhibiting inflammation and VSMCs proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbao Zong
- Clinical Laboratory, Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyan Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 5 Zhiquan Road, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Fu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangqin He
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, People's Republic of China; Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, 266021, People's Republic of China.
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Dong Z, Liao Z, He Y, Wu C, Meng Z, Qin B, Xu G, Li Z, Sun T, Wen Y, Li G. Advances in the Biological Functions and Mechanisms of miRNAs in the Development of Osteosarcoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221117386. [PMID: 35950243 PMCID: PMC9379803 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221117386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors, mainly
occurring in children and adolescents, and is characterized by high morbidity
and poor prognosis. MicroRNAs, a class of noncoding RNAs consisting of 19 to 25
nucleotides, are involved in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and
apoptosis to regulate the development and progression of osteosarcoma. Studies
have found that microRNAs are closely related to the diagnosis, treatment, and
prognosis of osteosarcoma patients and have an important role in improving drug
resistance in osteosarcoma. This paper reviews the role of microRNAs in the
pathogenesis of osteosarcoma and their clinical value, aiming to provide a new
research direction for diagnosing and treating osteosarcoma and achieving a
better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhipeng Liao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yonglin He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chengye Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zixiang Meng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baolong Qin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ge Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zeyang Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tianxin Sun
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuyan Wen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, 12426Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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7
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ZHANG L, CHEN B, GUAN P, ZHANG Z. Serum level of miR-217 predicts prognostic outcome for osteosarcoma patients in China. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.47121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gu H, Duan Z. Silencing of circDPP4 suppresses cell progression of human prostate cancer and enhances docetaxel cytotoxicity through regulating miR-564/ZIC2 axis. J Gene Med 2021; 24:e3403. [PMID: 34904327 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA derived from dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (circDPP4; ID: hsa_circ_0056881) is one top increased circRNA in prostate cancer (PC), and docetaxel (DTX)-based chemotherapy is the primary therapeutic choice for PC. However, its repertoire in PC development and chemoresistance remains to be documented. METHODS Expression of circDPP4, microRNA (miR)-564 and zinc finger of the cerebellum 2 (ZIC2) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting; the direct interaction was validated by RNA pull-down assay, dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Cell progression was measured by cell counting kit-8, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, xenograft experiment, and immunohistochemistry. DTX cytotoxicity was confirmed by MTT cell viability assay. RESULTS Expression of circDPP4 is upregulated in PC tumors from 60 patients and PC cell lines, and higher circDPP4 might predict poor overall survival. Decreasing circDPP4 suppresses cell proliferation, colony formation, migration/invasion, and 50% inhibitory concentration of DTX in PC cells, and promotes apoptosis rate. Both overexpressing miR-564 and inhibiting ZIC2 could imitate those effects, while inhibiting miR-564 and restoring ZIC2 could separately counteract that. Mechanistically, circDPP4 functions as miR-564 sponge and regulates the expression of ZIC2, a target gene for miR-564. Tumor growth is retarded by silencing circDPP4, accompanied with elevated miR-564 and attenuated Ki-67 and ZIC2. CONCLUSION Blocking circDPP4 antagonizes cell progression of PC and contributes to in vitro DTX cytotoxicity via regulating miR-564/ZIC2 axis, at least. This study suggests circDPP4 as a potential biomarker and target for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongqi Duan
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Xi'an, China
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Ding H, Li L, Gu B, Ni Y, Chen S. MicroRNA-564 inhibits the progression of non-small cell lung cancer via targeting plexin A4. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:358. [PMID: 33732331 PMCID: PMC7903456 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Νon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequently diagnosed type of cancer, and the most prevalent cause of cancer-associated mortality. The present study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miR)-564 influences NSCLC progression by regulating NSCLC cell growth and migration, via targeting plexin A4. Therefore, the expression levels of miR-564 and plexin A4 were evaluated in NSCLC specimens or cells using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Furthermore, colony formation and Cell Counting Kit-8 assays were performed to determine the proliferative ability of NSCLC cells. The cell migration capacity was assessed using a Transwell assay. In addition, to examine the binding ability of miR-564 on the plexin A4 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR), a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed. A mouse xenograft model was established to evaluate the effect of miR-564 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo, whereas the expression of plexin A4 and Ki67 in NSCLC tissues was detected using immunohistochemistry. Notably, miR-564 was downregulated in both NSCLC cell lines and tissues, while its overexpression, following transfection with miR-564 mimics, attenuated the proliferation and proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. By contrast, silencing of miR-564 using a miR-564 inhibitor promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The luciferase assay revealed that miR-564 directly targeted the plexin A4 3'UTR in A549 and H460 cells. Additionally, the overexpression of plexin A4 rescued the effect of miR-564 on NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. Further in vivo studies demonstrated that miR-564 knockdown promoted NSCLC growth, while miR-564 overexpression resulted in the opposite effect in nude mice. Overall, the results of the present study revealed that miR-564 promotes the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells, both in vitro and in vivo, via targeting plexin A4. Therefore, miR-564 may be considered as a possible therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Biao Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Yaojun Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Adil MS, Khulood D, Somanath PR. Targeting Akt-associated microRNAs for cancer therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 189:114384. [PMID: 33347867 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells because of activating protooncogenes and/or inactivating tumor suppressor genes are the hallmarks of cancer. The PI3K/Akt signaling is one of the most frequently activated pathways in cancer cells responsible for the regulation of cell survival and proliferation in stress and hypoxic conditions during oncogenesis. Non-coding RNAs are a large family of RNAs that are not involved in protein-coding, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are a sub-set of non-coding RNAs with a single strand of 18-25 nucleotides. miRNAs are extensively involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and play an extensive role in the regulatory mechanisms including cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The impact of cancer on mRNA stability and translation efficiency is extensive and therefore, cancerous tissues exhibit drastic alterations in the expression of miRNAs. miRNAs can be modulated by utilizing techniques such as miRNA mimics, miRNA antagonists, or CRISPR/Cas9. In addition to their capacity as potential targets in cancer therapy, they can be used as reliable biomarkers to diagnose the disease at the earliest stage. Recent evidence indicates that microRNA-mediated gene regulation intersects with the Akt pathway, forming an Akt-microRNA regulatory network. miRNAs and Akt in this network operate together to exert their cellular tasks. In the current review, we discuss the Akt-associated miRNAs in several cancers, their molecular regulation, and how this newly emerging knowledge may contribute greatly to revolutionize cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir S Adil
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Daulat Khulood
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Payaningal R Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, United States.
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Orphal M, Gillespie A, Böhme K, Subrova J, Eisenreich A, Kreutz R. TMEM63C, a Potential Novel Target for Albuminuria Development, Is Regulated by MicroRNA-564 and Transforming Growth Factor beta in Human Renal Cells. Kidney Blood Press Res 2020; 45:850-862. [PMID: 33080601 DOI: 10.1159/000508477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transmembrane protein (TMEM) 63C is a member of the TMEM gene family and was recently linked to glomerular filtration barrier function and albuminuria. Its molecular function and expression regulation are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we set out to characterize the regulating impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-564 (miR-564) on TMEM63C expression in renal cells. Also, we examined the influence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) on TMEM63C expression and the potential impact of TMEM63C inhibition on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cells and on cell viability in human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). METHODS Expression analyses were done using real-time PCR and Western blot. Dual luciferase assay was performed to determine the miRNA-mediated expression control. Cell viability was assessed via trypan blue exclusion staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS MiR-564 reduced TMEM63C expression in HEK 293 and human podocytes (hPC). The treatment of renal cells with TGF-ß led to an increased expression of TMEM63C. Moreover, a reduced TMEM63C expression was associated with a changed ratio of EMT marker proteins such as α-smooth muscle actin versus E-cadherin in HEK 293 and decreased nephrin expression in hPC. In addition, cell viability was reduced upon inhibition of TMEM63C expression in HEK 293. This study demonstrates first mechanisms involved in TMEM63C expression regulation and a link to EMT in renal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Orphal
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Allan Gillespie
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karen Böhme
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Subrova
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Eisenreich
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Reinhold Kreutz
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Berlin, Germany,
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12
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Sun S, Fu L, Wang G, Wang J, Xu L. MicroRNA-431-5p Inhibits the Tumorigenesis of Osteosarcoma Through Targeting PANX3. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:8159-8169. [PMID: 32982413 PMCID: PMC7490058 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s260149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the regulatory role of miR-431-5p on the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma (OS) and the underlying mechanism involving pannexin 3 (PANX3). Methods qRT-PCR was applied to measure the expression of miR-431-5p in OS tissues and cells. PANX3 and miR-431-5p were overexpressed in U2OS and HOS cells. The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT and FITC/PI double staining assay, respectively. Transwell assay was performed to detect cell migration and invasion. The protein expression of cleave-caspase-3 and MMP-2/-9 was detected by Western blot. The target relationship between miR-431-5p and PANX3 was predicated by ENCORI and identified by DLR assay. The anti-tumor effect of miR-431-5p was further analyzed in a xenograft tumor model in mice. Results MiR-431-5p expression was down-regulated in OS tissues and negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Over-expression of miR-431-5p induced cell apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, up-regulated cleave-caspase-3, and down-regulated MMP-2 and -9 in OS cells. Over-expression of miR-431-5p also inhibited the growth of tumor xenografts in mice. In addition, PANX3 was a target of miR-431-5p. Over-expression of PANX3 reversed the anti-tumor effect of miR-431-5p mimics on U2OS and HOS cells. Conclusion Up-regulation of miR-431-5p suppressed the tumorigenesis of OS via targeting PANX3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengliang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The 89th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The 89th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The 89th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The 89th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Oncology, The 89th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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13
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Knockdown of circ_0003340 induces cell apoptosis, inhibits invasion and proliferation through miR-564/TPX2 in esophageal cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112142. [PMID: 32535036 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a promising biomarker of cancer occurrence and development. The different expression levels of circRNAs in various cancers also make them possible therapeutic targets. In this work, we researched the function and underlying mechanisms of circ_0003340 (circ3340) in esophageal cancer EC1 and EC9706 cells. Firstly, we found the expression levels of circ3340 are higher in ESCC and two esophageal cancer cells than in adjacent normal tissues and Het-1a cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed circ3340 has a binding site with miR-564. This was verified by luciferase assay, which revealed that miR-564 can be sponged by circ3340, and that the TPX2 3'UTR is a direct target of miR-564. Upregulation of miR-564 decreased TPX2 protein levels, as shown by Western blot. Moreover, knockdown of circ3340 or enhancement of miR-564 expression had similar effects in EC1 and EC9706 cells, i.e., inducing cell apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, and arresting cell invasion. Downregulation of circ3340 had a negative influence on EC1 and EC9706 cells by affecting the miR-564/TPX2 pathway. Additionally, animal experiments revealed that downregulation of circ3340 inhibited tumor growth in vivo, making circ3340 a potential therapeutic target for patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer.
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14
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Sun MX, An Q, Chen LM, Guo L. MIR-520f Regulated Itch Expression and Promoted Cell Proliferation in Human Melanoma Cells. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820918450. [PMID: 32425721 PMCID: PMC7218305 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820918450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that abnormal expression and dysfunction of microRNA is involved in development of cancers. However, the function of miR-520f especially in human melanoma remains elusive. In the current study, the underlying function of miR-520f in human melanoma was investigated. Our study demonstrated that the miR-520f level in human melanoma cell lines and clinical tissues was increased. Overexpression of miR-520f promoted cell proliferation by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, colony formation, anchorage-independent growth assay, and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine assays. Furthermore, we revealed that miR-520f could interact with circular RNA Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) 3′-untranslated region and suppress ITCH expression in human melanoma cells. The inhibitory effect of miR-520f-in could be partially restored by knockdown of ITCH in human melanoma cells. In summary, this study provides novel insights into miR-520f act as a crucial role in the regulation of human melanoma cell growth via regulating ITCH, which might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target of human melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xia Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun An
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second People Hospital of Dezhou, People's Republic of China
| | - La-Mei Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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15
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Viera GM, Salomao KB, de Sousa GR, Baroni M, Delsin LEA, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS. miRNA signatures in childhood sarcomas and their clinical implications. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 21:1583-1623. [PMID: 30949930 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progresses in multimodal treatments have significantly improved the outcomes for childhood cancer. Nonetheless, for about one-third of patients with Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, or osteosarcoma steady remission has remained intangible. Thus, new biomarkers to improve early diagnosis and the development of precision-targeted medicine remain imperative. Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in the basic understanding of miRNAs function and in interpreting the contribution of their dysregulation to cancer development and progression. On this basis, this review focuses on what has been learned about the pivotal roles of miRNAs in the regulation of key genes implicated in childhood sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Viera
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - K B Salomao
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - G R de Sousa
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - M Baroni
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - L E A Delsin
- Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil
| | - J A Pezuk
- Anhanguera University of Sao Paulo, UNIAN/SP, Sao Paulo, Brasil
| | - M S Brassesco
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brasil.
- Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-USP, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP 14040-901, Brazil.
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16
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Chung CZ, Balasuriya N, Manni E, Liu X, Li SSC, O’Donoghue P, Heinemann IU. Gld2 activity is regulated by phosphorylation in the N-terminal domain. RNA Biol 2019; 16:1022-1033. [PMID: 31057087 PMCID: PMC6602411 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1608754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The de-regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with multiple human diseases, yet cellular mechanisms governing miRNA abundance remain largely elusive. Human miR-122 is required for Hepatitis C proliferation, and low miR-122 abundance is associated with hepatic cancer. The adenylyltransferase Gld2 catalyses the post-transcriptional addition of a single adenine residue (A + 1) to the 3'-end of miR-122, enhancing its stability. Gld2 activity is inhibited by binding to the Hepatitis C virus core protein during HepC infection, but no other mechanisms of Gld2 regulation are known. We found that Gld2 activity is regulated by site-specific phosphorylation in its disordered N-terminal domain. We identified two phosphorylation sites (S62, S110) where phosphomimetic substitutions increased Gld2 activity and one site (S116) that markedly reduced activity. Using mass spectrometry, we confirmed that HEK 293 cells readily phosphorylate the N-terminus of Gld2. We identified protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase B (Akt1) as the kinases that site-specifically phosphorylate Gld2 at S116, abolishing Gld2-mediated nucleotide addition. The data demonstrate a novel phosphorylation-dependent mechanism to regulate Gld2 activity, revealing tumour suppressor miRNAs as a previously unknown target of Akt1-dependent signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Z. Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Nileeka Balasuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Emad Manni
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Shawn Shun-Cheng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Child Health Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Patrick O’Donoghue
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Ilka U. Heinemann
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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17
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Song Z, Yang H, Wu X, Kong C, Xu C. microRNA-564 inhibits the aggressive phenotypes of papillary thyroid cancer by directly targeting astrocyte-elevated gene-1. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4869-4881. [PMID: 31388302 PMCID: PMC6607985 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence has revealed that an increasing number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are dysregulated in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and that their dysregulation plays an important role in PTC onset and progression. Reportedly, miRNA-564 (miR-564) is downregulated in several types of human cancer. However, its expression profile and specific functions in PTC remain unclear to date. Methods: In this study, we used reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect miR-564 expression in PTC tissues and cell lines. Further, the regulatory roles of miR-564 in the malignant development of PTC in vitro and in vivo were examined using a series of functional experiments. In addition, the possible underlying mechanisms and signaling pathways involved were investigated. Results: We demonstrated that miR-564 expression markedly decreased in PTC tissues and cell lines, and this decrease correlated with the lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis stage. miR-564 upregulation significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced cell apoptosis in vitro as well as hindered tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) was identified as a direct target gene of miR-564 in PTC cells. Its expression was upregulated and inversely correlated with miR-564 expression in clinically PTC tissues. Additionally, the silencing of AEG-1 expression could imitate the action of miR-564 overexpression in PTC cells. Remarkably, the restoration of AEG-1 expression partially abolished the tumor-suppressing effects induced by a miR-564 upregulation in PTC cells. Ectopic miR-564 expression deactivated the PTEN/Akt pathway in PTC cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the current study suggest that miR-564 is a tumor-suppressive miRNA that exerts crucial roles in the development and progression of PTC. Therefore, this miRNA might be a promising candidate target in the anticancer treatment of patients with PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Song
- Department of Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong276023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huimei Yang
- Department of Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong276023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Third People’s Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong276023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Kong
- Department of Oncology, The Third People’s Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong276023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong’e Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, Shandong276000, People’s Republic of China
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