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Tilikj N, de la Fuente M, González ABM, Martínez-Guitarte JL, Novo M. Surviving in a multistressor world: Gene expression changes in earthworms exposed to heat, desiccation, and chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 108:104428. [PMID: 38570150 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
An investigation of the effects of anthropogenic stress on terrestrial ecosystems is urgently needed. In this work, we explored how exposure to heat, desiccation, and chemical stress alters the expression of genes that encode heat shock proteins (HSPs), an enzyme that responds to oxidative stress (CAT), hypoxia-related proteins (HIF1 and HYOU), and a DNA repair-related protein (PARP1) in the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Exposure to heat (31°C) for 24 h upregulated HSPs and hypoxia-related genes, suggesting possible acquired thermotolerance. Desiccation showed a similar expression profile; however, the HSP response was activated to a lesser extent. Heat and desiccation activated the small HSP at 24 h, suggesting that they may play a role in adaptation. Simultaneous exposure to endosulfan and temperature for 7 h upregulated all of the evaluated genes, implicating a coordinated response involving multiple biological processes to ensure survival and acclimation. These results highlight the relevance of multistress analysis in terrestrial invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Tilikj
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Mercedes de la Fuente
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Muñiz González
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - José-Luis Martínez-Guitarte
- Environmental Toxicology and Biology Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Avenida de Esparta, s/n, Madrid 28232, Spain
| | - Marta Novo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Nováis 12, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Yang CL, Meng JY, Zhou JY, Zhang JS, Zhang CY. Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the thermotolerant response of Spodoptera frugiperda. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130578. [PMID: 38432264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly destructive invasive pest with remarkable adaptability to extreme climatic conditions, posing a substantial global threat. Although the effects of temperature stress on the biological and ecological properties of S. frugiperda have been elucidated, the molecular mechanisms underlying its responses remain unclear. Herein, we combined transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to explore the key genes and proteins involved in thermotolerance regulation in S. frugiperda larvae at 42 °C. Overall, 1528 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 154 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in S. frugiperda larvae under heat stress, including antioxidant enzymes, heat shock proteins (Hsps), cytochrome P450s, starch and sucrose metabolism genes, and insulin signaling pathway genes, indicating their involvement in heat tolerance regulation. Correlation analysis of DEGs and DEPs revealed that seven and eight had the same and opposite expression profiles, respectively. After nanocarrier-mediated RNA interference knockdown of SfHsp29, SfHsp20.4, SfCAT, and SfGST, the body weight and mortality of S. frugiperda larvae significantly decreased and increased under heat stress, respectively. This indicates that SfHsp29, SfHsp20.4, SfCAT, and SfGST play a crucial role in the thermotolerance of S. frugiperda larvae. These results provide insight into the mechanism of heat tolerance in S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Li Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Jian-Yu Meng
- Guizhou Tobacco Science Research Institute, Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, China
| | - Jian-Yun Zhou
- Guiyang Tobacco Company Kaiyang Branch, Guiyang, Guizhou 550300, China
| | - Jin-Shan Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Chang-Yu Zhang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
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Hussain M, Zhong Y, Tao T, Xiu B, Ye F, Gao J, Mao R. Effect of tree height and spraying methods on Diaphorina citri kuwayama endosymbionts in the context of Huanglongbing disease management in citrus orchards. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1484-1500. [PMID: 37948354 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huanglongbing (HLB) (caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) is the most damaging disease of citrus around the world. This study investigated the effects of citrus tree height on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama mortality, endosymbiont responses, and HLB distribution. RESULTS The results reveal that the age of citrus trees plays a significant role in psyllid mortality. Interestingly, the cumulative mean mortality (%) of psyllids over the seven-day observation period was higher (31.50±0.03) when four-year-old (501A1, 502A2, 501A3) citrus trees were sprayed with a US-SMART mechanical sprayer. In contrast, the psyllids mortality was 0.09±0.23 for the 13-year-old citrus trees (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) sprayed with a US-SMART mechanical sprayer and 9.10±0.05 for 13-year-old (502A2, 502B2, 502D1) citrus trees sprayed with a fixed US-SMART mechanical sprayer. Our findings also revealed that psyllids from both four- and 13-year-old citrus trees carried Candidatus Carsonella ruddii species and Wolbachia, the primary and secondary endosymbionts, respectively. Surprisingly, infection rates of these endosymbionts remained consistent across different age groups, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, our study highlights the significance of tree height as a proxy for tree age in influencing HLB occurrence. Specifically, four-year-old citrus trees subjected to the US-SMART mechanical sprayer for citrus psyllid control demonstrated effective disease management compared to 13-year-old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus trees sprayed with US-SMART mechanical sprayers. Additionally, the investigation explored the impact of tree height on HLB distribution. In four-year-old trees, no significant correlation between HLB disease and tree height was observed, potentially due to effective spray coverage with US-SMART mechanical sprayer. However, in 13-year-old (104A2, 104A3, 104C1) citrus tree sprayed with US-SMART mechanical sprayer, a positive correlation between tree height and HLB disease was evident. CONCLUSION This research provides valuable insights into the complex interaction between citrus tree age, psyllid endosymbionts responses, and HLB distribution. These results emphasize effective HLB management strategies, especially in orchards with diverse tree age populations, ultimately contributing to the long-term sustainability of citrus cultivation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubasher Hussain
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yun Zhong
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Tonglai Tao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Baolin Xiu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Fengxian Ye
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Runqian Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Mineral Oil Pesticides, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510260, China
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Llorente L, Aquilino M, Herrero Ó, de la Peña E, Planelló R. Characterization and expression of heat shock and immune genes in natural populations of Prodiamesa olivacea (Diptera) exposed to thermal stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115359. [PMID: 37595349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper characterizes the heat stress response (HSR) and explores the impact of temperatures on the immune response of larvae from two chironomid species, Prodiamesa olivacea and Chironomus riparius. Genes involved in crucial metabolic pathways were de novo identified in P. olivacea: Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsc70, Cdc37, and HSF for the heat stress response (HSR) and TOLL, PGRP, C-type lectin, and JAK/hopscotch for the immune system response (ISR). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of the selected genes in short-term treatments (up to 120') at high temperatures (35 °C and 39 °C). Exposing P. olivacea to elevated temperatures resulted in HSR induction with increased expression of specific heat shock genes, suggesting the potential of HSPs as early indicators of acute thermal stress. Surprisingly, we found that heat shock represses multiple immune genes, revealing the antagonist relation between the heat shock response and the innate immune response in P. olivacea. Our results also showed species-dependent gene responses, with more significant effects in P. olivacea, for most of the biomarkers studied, demonstrating a higher sensitivity in this species to environmental stress conditions than that of C. riparius. This work shows a multi-species approach that enables a deeper understanding of the effects of heat stress at the molecular level in aquatic dipterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Llorente
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Aquilino
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain; School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Óscar Herrero
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo de la Peña
- Institute for Subtropical and Mediterranean Horticulture (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Finca Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, 29750 Malaga, Spain; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bio-science Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Rosario Planelló
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain.
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Dai J, Cai X, Liu L, Lin Y, Huang Y, Lin J, Shu B. The comparison of gut gene expression and bacterial community in Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) adults fed on Murraya exotica and 'Shatangju' mandarin (Citrus reticulate cv. Shatangju). BMC Genomics 2023; 24:416. [PMID: 37488494 PMCID: PMC10364414 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is an important citrus pest. It serves as the vector for the transmission of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which induced a destructive disease, Huanglongbing, and caused huge economic losses. During the interaction between insects and plants, insects have evolved a series of mechanisms to adapt to various host plants. Murraya exotica and 'Shatangju' mandarin (Citrus reticulate cv. Shatangju) are the Rutaceae species from different genera that have been discovered as suitable hosts for D. citri adults. While the adaptation mechanism of this pest to these two host plants is unclear. RESULTS In this study, RNA-seq and 16 S rDNA amplification sequencing were performed on the gut of D. citri adults reared on M. exotica and 'Shatangju' mandarin. RNA-seq results showed that a total of 964 differentially expressed genes were found in different gut groups with two host plant treatments. The impacted genes include those that encode ribosomal proteins, cathepsins, and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. According to 16 S rDNA sequencing, the compositions of the gut bacterial communities were altered by different treatments. The α and β diversity analyses confirmed that the host plant changes influenced the gut microbial diversity. The functional classification analysis by Tax4Fun revealed that 27 KEGG pathways, mostly those related to metabolism, including those for nucleotide metabolism, energy metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, xenbiotics biodegradation and metabolism, lipid metabolism, and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, were significantly altered. CONCLUSION Our preliminary findings shed light on the connection between D. citri and host plants by showing that host plants alter the gene expression profiles and bacterial community composition of D. citri adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Dai
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Xueming Cai
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Luyang Liu
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yanzheng Lin
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Jintian Lin
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
| | - Benshui Shu
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Institute for Management of Invasive Alien Species, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 313 Yingdong Teaching Building, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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Chen Y, Xiang Y, Hu Z, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Chen M, Khaldun ABM, Yan X, Fan J. Transcriptomic profiling revealed the role of 24-epibrassinolide in alleviating salt stress damage in tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:976341. [PMID: 36212305 PMCID: PMC9540362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.976341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a major problem all over the world. The accumulation of salt in soil reduces the root water uptake and directly affects plant growth and metabolic activities. Brassinosteroid is a plant hormone that plays an important role in regulation of plant growth and physiological process, including promotion of cell expansion and elongation, signal transduction and stress response. Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) has been proved to alleviate various environmental stress in plants. However, the role that EBL plays in salt stress response is still unknown in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). In this study, the physiology and molecular mechanisms regulated by exogenous EBL of salt stress response in tall fescue was investigated. Tall fescue plants were divided into four groups, including control (CK), NaCl solution (SALT), 24-epibrassinolide (EBL), NaCl solution + 24-epibrassinolide (SE). During the growth period of tall fescue, we found that electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were decreased, chlorophyll (Chl) content and antioxidant enzyme activity were increased in leaves of tall fescue in SE group compared with SALT group, indicating that EBL improved the salt tolerance in grasses. Transcriptomic profiling analysis showed that after 12 h of treatments, 10,265, 13,830 and 10,537 differential genes were expressed in EBL, SALT, and SE groups compared with control, respectively. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly focused on binding, catalytic activity, cellular process, metabolic process, cellular anatomical entity. Moreover, most of the differential genes were expressed in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. These results helped us to better understand the mechanism of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide to improve the salt tolerance of tall fescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanhang Xiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Hu
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Youxin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | | | - Xuebing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jibiao Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Transcriptomic response of Pseudomonas nicosulfuronedens LAM1902 to the sulfonylurea herbicide nicosulfuron. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13656. [PMID: 35953636 PMCID: PMC9372043 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17982-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overuse of the herbicide nicosulfuron has become a global environmental concern. As a potential bioremediation technology, the microbial degradation of nicosulfuron shows much promise; however, the mechanism by which microorganisms respond to nicosulfuron exposure requires further study. An isolated soil-borne bacteria Pseudomonas nicosulfuronedens LAM1902 displaying nicosulfuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, and cinosulfuron degradabilities in the presence of glucose, was used to determine the transcriptional responses to nicosulfuron exposure. RNA-Seq results indicated that 1102 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated and 702 down-regulated under nicosulfuron stress. DEGs were significantly enriched in “ABC transporters”, “sulfur metabolism”, and “ribosome” pathways (p ≤ 0.05). Several pathways (glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways, a two-component regulation system, as well as in bacterial chemotaxis metabolisms) were affected by nicosulfuron exposure. Surprisingly, nicosulfuron exposure showed positive effects on the production of oxalic acid that is synthesized by genes encoding glycolate oxidase through the glyoxylate cycle pathway. The results suggest that P. nicosulfuronedens LAM1902 adopt acid metabolites production strategies in response to nicosulfuron, with concomitant nicosulfuron degradation. Data indicates that glucose metabolism is required during the degradation and adaptation of strain LAM1902 to nicosulfuron stress. The present studies provide a glimpse at the molecular response of microorganisms to sulfonylurea pesticide toxicity and a potential framework for future mechanistic studies.
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Cho S, Lee SH, Kim S. Determination of the optimal maturation temperature for adult honey bee toxicity testing. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 257:109359. [PMID: 35508268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Honey bees are exposed to various pesticides through pollinating and in-hive Varroa mite control. The most basic method for evaluating pesticide toxicity is the indoor bioassay using worker bees, in which newly emerged adults are matured in incubators for conditioning before use. However, little information is available on the optimum maturation temperature from a toxicological point of view, even though it can affect honey bee responses to pesticides. In this paper, to evaluate the optimal maturation temperature for pesticide toxicity testing, several indices related to the development, gene transcription, and toxicological properties of honey bee adults following maturation at 25, 30, and 35 °C were compared with those of field bees. The body weight and developmental state of hypopharyngeal glands were highest in the bees matured at 30 °C, and the overall transcription profiles of detoxification-related genes in the field bees were closest to those of bees matured at 30 °C, whereas immaturity and features of thermal stress were observed in the 25 °C and 35 °C bee groups, respectively. In the bioassay results, the effects of maturation temperature on the toxic response of honey bees varied significantly depending on the type of pesticide. By considering all the biological and toxicological aspects examined, we confirmed that 30 °C is a recommended maturation temperature for adult honey bee toxicity test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sanghyeon Kim
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ramos Aguila LC, Atlihan R, Ashraf HJ, Keppanan R, Lei L, Bamisile BS, Cerda H, Wang L. Temperature-Dependent Biological Control Effectiveness of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidea) Under Laboratory Conditions. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:2009-2017. [PMID: 34297068 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The parasitism rate and host-feeding rate of Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), an ectoparasitoid of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), were evaluated at 20, 27.5, 30, and 35°C, at 70 ± 5% RH, and 14 h of photoperiod. The biological control efficacy of T. radiata was evaluated by linking the age-stage predation rate with the two-sex life table. The net host-feeding rate (C0) by T. radiata was 32.05, 54.40, 17.25, and 1.92 nymphs per female parasitoid at 20, 27.5, 30, and 35°C, respectively. The total net nymphs killing rate (Z0) was 103.02, 223.82, 72.95, and 6.60 nymphs per female parasitoid at 20, 27.5, 30, and 35°C, respectively. Noneffective parasitism rate was observed at 35°C because of high mortality at this temperature. Our results indicated that temperature had meaningful effects on parasitism and host-feeding rate parameters in the laboratory, and may affect biological control efficiency of the parasitoid in the field. The highest host-feeding rate and total biological control efficiency of T. radiata were recorded at 27.5°C. Most importantly, we found that host-feeding activity of the parasitoid is temperature-dependent, and changed across temperature regimes: the host-feeding rate increased as the temperature increased up to 30°C, started to decrease after this temperature and declined to its minimum level at 35°C. This information is valuable for developing biological control and integrated pest management techniques for Asian citrus psyllid management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Remzi Atlihan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Plant Protection Department, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65080 Van, Turkey
| | - Hafiza Javaria Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ravindran Keppanan
- Department of Entomology and the Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agriculture Research Organization (ARO), Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Lijin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bamisope Steve Bamisile
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hugo Cerda
- Department of Entomology, College of Agroecology, Universidad Nacional Experimental Simon Rodriguez (UNESR) 5130, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Liande Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Transcriptomic responses of haloalkalitolerant bacterium Egicoccus halophilus EGI 80432 T to highly alkaline stress. Extremophiles 2021; 25:459-470. [PMID: 34402982 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-021-01239-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The haloalkalitolerant bacterium Egicoccus halophilus EGI 80432T exhibits high adaptability to saline-alkaline environment. The salinity adaptation mechanism of E. halophilus EGI 80432T was fully understood based on transcriptome analyses and physiological responses; however, the alkaline response mechanism has not yet been investigated. Here, we investigated the alkaline response mechanism of E. halophilus EGI 80432T by a transcriptomic comparison. In this study, the genes involved in the glycolysis, TCA cycle, starch, and trehalose metabolism for energy production and storage, were up-regulated under highly alkaline condition. Furthermore, genes responsible for the production of acidic and neutral metabolites, i.e., acetate, pyruvate, formate, glutamate, threonine, and ectoine, showed increased expression under highly alkaline condition, compared with the control pH condition. In contrast, the opposite results were observed in proton capture or retention gene expression profiles, i.e., cation/proton antiporters and ATP synthases. The above results revealed that E. halophilus EGI 80432T likely tended to adopt an "acidic metabolites production" strategy in response to a highly alkaline condition. These findings would pave the way for further studies in the saline-alkaline adaptation mechanisms of E. halophilus EGI 80432T, and hopefully provide a new insight into the foundational theory and application in ecological restoration with saline-alkaline strains.
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Shu B, Yu H, Li Y, Zhong H, Li X, Cao L, Lin J. Identification of azadirachtin responsive genes in Spodoptera frugiperda larvae based on RNA-seq. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 172:104745. [PMID: 33518039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a polyphagous pest with 353 plant species as its hosts, including maize, sorghum, cotton, and rice. Azadirachtin is one of the most effective botanical insecticides. The effect of azadirachtin against S. frugiperda remains to be determined. Here we report strong growth inhibition of azadirachtin on S. frugiperda larvae under either 1.0 or 5.0 μg/g azadirachtin. To explore the relevant mechanisms, the larvae fed with normal artificial diet and with 1.0 μg/g azadirachtin exposure for 3 days were collected as samples for RNA-Seq. RNA-Seq on S. frugiperda larvae under different treatments identified a total of 24,153 unigenes, including 3494 novel genes, were identified. Among them, 1282 genes were affected by 1.0 μg/g azadirachtin exposure, with 672 up-regulated and 610 down-regulated. The impacted genes include 61 coding for detoxification enzymes (31 P450s, 7 GSTs, 11 CarEs, 7 UGTs and 5 ABC transporters), 31 for cuticle proteins, and several proteins involved in insect chitin and hormone biosynthesis. Our results indicated that azadirachtin could regulate the growth of S. frugiperda by affecting insect chitin and hormone biosynthesis pathway. The enhanced expression of detoxification enzymes might be related to detoxifying azadirachtin. These findings provided a foundation for further delineating the molecular mechanism of growth regulation induced by azadirachtin in S. frugiperda larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benshui Shu
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haikuo Yu
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuning Li
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Zhong
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangli Li
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Cao
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jintian Lin
- Guangzhou City Key Laboratory of Subtropical Fruit Trees Outbreak Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.
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