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Liu H, Tian L, Wang D. Notch receptor GLP-1 regulates toxicity of simulated microgravity stress by activating germline-intestine communication of insulin signaling in C. elegans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 534:248-253. [PMID: 33280816 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We here investigated molecular basis of notch receptor GLP-1 in controlling simulated microgravity stress in Caenorhabditis elegans. glp-1 expression was decreased by simulated microgravity. Meanwhile, glp-1 mutation caused resistance to toxicity of simulated microgravity. GLP-1 acted in germline cells to control toxicity of simulated microgravity. In germline cells, RNAi knockdown of glp-1 increased daf-16 expression. RNAi knockdown of daf-16 suppressed resistance to toxicity of simulated microgravity in glp-1 mutant. In simulated microgravity treated worms, germline RNAi knockdown of glp-1 decreased expressions of daf-28, ins-39, and ins-8 encoding insulin peptides, and resistance to simulated microgravity toxicity could be detected in daf-28(RNAi), ins-39(RNAi), and ins-8(RNAi) worms. In simulated microgravity treated worms, RNAi knockdown of daf-28, ins-39, or ins-8 in germline cells further increased expression and nucleus localization of transcriptional factor DAF-16 in intestinal cells. Therefore, the GLP-1-activated germline-intestine communication of insulin signaling is required for control of simulated microgravity toxicity in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanliang Liu
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lijie Tian
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Billes V, Kovács T, Manzéger A, Lőrincz P, Szincsák S, Regős Á, Kulcsár PI, Korcsmáros T, Lukácsovich T, Hoffmann G, Erdélyi M, Mihály J, Takács-Vellai K, Sass M, Vellai T. Developmentally regulated autophagy is required for eye formation in Drosophila. Autophagy 2018; 14:1499-1519. [PMID: 29940806 PMCID: PMC6135572 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1454569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound eye of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most intensively studied and best understood model organs in the field of developmental genetics. Herein we demonstrate that autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved selfdegradation process of eukaryotic cells, is essential for eye development in this organism. Autophagic structures accumulate in a specific pattern in the developing eye disc, predominantly in the morphogenetic furrow (MF) and differentiation zone. Silencing of several autophagy genes (Atg) in the eye primordium severely affects the morphology of the adult eye through triggering ectopic cell death. In Atg mutant genetic backgrounds however genetic compensatory mechanisms largely rescue autophagic activity in, and thereby normal morphogenesis of, this organ. We also show that in the eye disc the expression of a key autophagy gene, Atg8a, is controlled in a complex manner by the anterior Hox paralog Lab (Labial), a master regulator of early development. Atg8a transcription is repressed in front of, while activated along, the MF by Lab. The amount of autophagic structures then remains elevated behind the moving MF. These results indicate that eye development in Drosophila depends on the cell death-suppressing and differentiating effects of the autophagic process. This novel, developmentally regulated function of autophagy in the morphogenesis of the compound eye may shed light on a more fundamental role for cellular self-digestion in differentiation and organ formation than previously thought. ABBREVIATIONS αTub84B, α-Tubulin at 84B; Act5C, Actin5C; AO, acridine orange; Atg, autophagy-related; Ato, Atonal; CASP3, caspase 3; Dcr-2; Dicer-2; Dfd, Deformed; DZ, differentiation zone; eGFP, enhanced green fluorescent protein; EM, electron microscopy; exd, extradenticle; ey, eyeless; FLP, flippase recombinase; FRT, FLP recognition target; Gal4, gene encoding the yeast transcription activator protein GAL4; GFP, green fluorescent protein; GMR, Glass multimer reporter; Hox, homeobox; hth, homothorax; lab, labial; L3F, L3 feeding larval stage; L3W, L3 wandering larval stage; lf, loss-of-function; MAP1LC3, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MF, morphogenetic furrow; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PI3K/PtdIns3K, class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PZ, proliferation zone; Ref(2)P, refractory to sigma P, RFP, red fluorescent protein; RNAi, RNA interference; RpL32, Ribosomal protein L32; RT-PCR, reverse transcription-coupled polymerase chain reaction; S.D., standard deviation; SQSTM1, Sequestosome-1, Tor, Target of rapamycin; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay; UAS, upstream activation sequence; qPCR, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; w, white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Billes
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Manzéger
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Lőrincz
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sára Szincsák
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Regős
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter István Kulcsár
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Gut Health and Food Safety Programme, Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Tamás Lukácsovich
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Gyula Hoffmann
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Miklós Erdélyi
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Mihály
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Miklós Sass
- Department of Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Vellai
- Department of Genetics, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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