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Wei Y, Huang D, Ye Z, Jiang Z, Ge L, Ren Y, Wang J, Xu X, Yang J, Wang T. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals key genes and pathways related to gonad development in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 48:101144. [PMID: 37769382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is an economically important marine species in China, and understanding the mechanisms underlying its gonad development is crucial for successful reproduction and breeding. In this study, we performed transcriptome comparisons and analyses of A. japonicus gonadal and non-gonadal tissues to identify genes and molecular pathways associated with gonadal development. We also supplemented the annotation of the A. japonicus genome. Collectively, results revealed a total of 941 ovary-specific genes and 2499 testis-specific genes through different expression analysis and WGCNA analysis. The most enriched pathways in ovary and testis were "DNA replication" and "purine metabolism", respectively. Additionally, we identified key candidate gene modules that control gonad development and germ cell maturation, with CDT1 and DYNC2LI1 serving as hub genes. Our findings provide important insights into the gonadal development system of A. japonicus and offer valuable references for further research on reproductive biology in this marine invertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiang Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijing Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifei Ge
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Ren
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuwen Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China.
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Liu BZ, Cong JJ, Su WY, Hao ZL, Sun ZH, Chang YQ. Identification and functional analysis of Dmrt1 gene and the SoxE gene in the sexual development of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus. Front Genet 2023; 14:1097825. [PMID: 36741310 PMCID: PMC9894652 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1097825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor (Dmrt) gene family handle various vital functions in several biological processes, including sex determination/differentiation and gonad development. Dmrt1 and Sox9 (SoxE in invertebrates) exhibit a very conserved interaction function during testis formation in vertebrates. However, the dynamic expression pattern and functional roles of the Dmrt gene family and SoxE have not yet been identified in any echinoderm species. Herein, five members of the Dmrt gene family (Dmrt1, 2, 3a, 3b and 5) and the ancestor SoxE gene were identified from the genome of Apostichopus japonicus. Expression studies of Dmrt family genes and SoxE in different tissues of adult males and females revealed different expression patterns of each gene. Transcription of Dmrt2, Dmrt3a and Dmrt3b was higher expressed in the tube feet and coelomocytes instead of in gonadal tissues. The expression of Dmrt1 was found to be sustained throughout spermatogenesis. Knocking-down of Dmrt1 by means of RNA interference (RNAi) led to the downregulation of SoxE and upregulation of the ovarian regulator foxl2 in the testes. This indicates that Dmrt1 may be a positive regulator of SoxE and may play a role in the development of the testes in the sea cucumber. The expression level of SoxE was higher in the ovaries than in the testes, and knocking down of SoxE by RNAi reduced SoxE and Dmrt1 expression but conversely increased the expression of foxl2 in the testes. In summary, this study indicates that Dmrt1 and SoxE are indispensable for testicular differentiation, and SoxE might play a functional role during ovary differentiation in the sea cucumber.
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Hirano-Maeda Y, Ojima D, Kanematsu M. Molecular characterization of Vasa homolog in the pen shell Atrina pectinata: cDNA cloning and expression analysis during gonadal development. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 263:110798. [PMID: 36064136 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Vasa is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box family and a representative component of the germ plasm. In this study, we cloned the full-length vasa homolog in the bivalve Atrina pectinata (psvasa), and performed phylogenetic analysis, mRNA expression analysis for tissue-specific distributions, and immunostaining analysis to reveal its histological localization. The sequence of psvasa was 3587 bp in length and contained a 5' untranslated region of 150 bp, an open reading frame of 2214 bp, and a 3' untranslated region of 1223 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence of psvasa was 737 amino acids long and contained evolutionarily conserved sequences reported in other animals. The mRNA expression analysis showed the highest expression levels in the gonads. Expression was especially high in the ovaries, followed by the testes. The immunostaining analysis showed Vasa-positive cells in the developing gonads, suggesting the presence of putative germ stem cells contributing to the supply of germ cells. Furthermore, characteristic Vasa signals were observed in the basophilic nuclei of the oocytes, suggesting that psvasa plays an important role in the progression of meiosis in oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hirano-Maeda
- Momoshima Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute (FTI), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0061, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Ojima
- Momoshima Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute (FTI), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0061, Japan
| | - Masaei Kanematsu
- Momoshima Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute (FTI), Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0061, Japan
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Sun ZH, Wei JL, Cui ZP, Han YL, Zhang J, Song J, Chang YQ. Identification and functional characterization of piwi1 gene in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 252:110536. [PMID: 33212209 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) is an economically important mariculture species in Asia. However, the genetic breeding of sea cucumbers is difficult because the sexes cannot be identified by appearance. Therefore, studies on sex-related genes are helpful in revealing the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in sea cucumbers. P-element induced wimpy testis (piwi) is a germ cell marker involved in gametogenesis in vertebrates; however, the expression pattern and function during gametogenesis remain unclear in sea cucumbers. In this study, we identified a piwi homolog gene in A. japonicus (Ajpiwi1) and investigated its expression pattern, and function. Ajpiwi1 is a maternal factor and is ubiquitously expressed in adult tissues, including the ovary and testis. Ajpiwi1 expression is strong in early oocytes, spermatocytes, and spermatogonia; weak in mature oocytes; and undetected in spermatids and intra-gonadal somatic cells. The knockdown of Ajpiwi1 by RNA interference (RNAi) led to the downregulation of other conserved sex-related genes such as dmrt1, foxl2, and germ cell-less. Therefore, Ajpiwi1 might play a critical role during gametogenesis in A. japonicus. This study creates new possibilities for studying sex-related gene functions in the sea cucumber and builds a gene function research platform based on RNAi for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jin-Liang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhou-Ping Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ya-Lun Han
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Song
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ya-Qing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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Huang D, Zhang B, Han T, Liu G, Chen X, Zhao Z, Feng J, Yang J, Wang T. Genome-wide prediction and comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the G protein-coupled receptors involved in gonadal development of Apostichopus japonicus. Genomics 2020; 113:967-978. [PMID: 33144216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus is dioecious, with seasonal reproduction. G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated signaling systems might play critical roles in the reproductive control of A. japonicus. Here, we classified GPCR from the genome in silico and used transcriptomic analyses to further mine those that function in gonadal-development control. Totally, 487 GPCRs were predicted from A. japonicus, and 183 of these were further annotated to molecular pathways. Transcriptome analysis revealed 327 GPCRs expressed in gonads, and these were classified into four families and 19 subfamilies. Three pathways were apparently associated with reproduction, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, the mTOR and Wnt signaling pathways. Seven and eight ovary- and testis-specific GPCRs were filtered, and the gene expression profiles were determined in multiple tissues and gonads at different developmental stages by qPCR. These results provide new insights into the discovery of GPCR-mediated signaling control in sea cucumber reproduction, especially in gonadal development control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316022, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, 266104 Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqian Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianming Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Germplasm Resources Exploration and Utilization, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China; National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, People's Republic of China.
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Ricci JMB, Martinez ERM, Butzge AJ, Doretto LB, Oliveira MA, Bombardelli RA, Bogerd J, Nóbrega RH. Characterization of vasa homolog in a neotropical catfish, Jundiá (Rhamdia quelen): Molecular cloning and expression analysis during embryonic and larval development. Gene 2018; 654:116-126. [PMID: 29454090 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We have characterized the full-length vasa cDNA from Jundiá, Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae, Siluriformes). vasa encodes a member of the DEAD-box protein family of ATP-dependent RNA helicases. This protein is highly conserved among different organisms and its role is associated with RNA metabolism. In the majority of the investigated species, vasa is restricted to the germ cell lineage and its expression has been used to study germline development in many organisms, including fish. The deduced R. quelen vasa amino acid sequence displayed high similarity with Vasa protein sequences from other organisms, and did not cluster with PL10 or P68 DEAD-box protein subfamilies. We also reported that there is no other isoform for vasa mRNA in R. quelen gonads. Expression analysis by RT-PCR and qPCR showed vasa transcripts exclusively expressed in the germ cells of R. quelen gonads. R. quelen vasa mRNA was maternally inherited, and was detected in the migrating primordial germ cells (PGCs) until 264 h post-fertilization during embryonic and larval development. This work has characterized for the first time the full-length R. quelen vasa cDNA, and describes its expression patterns during R. quelen embryonic and larval development. Our results will contribute to the basic reproductive biology of this native species, and will support studies using vasa as a germ cell marker in different biotechnological studies, such as germ cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M B Ricci
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuel R M Martinez
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arno J Butzge
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas B Doretto
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos A Oliveira
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robie Allan Bombardelli
- Center of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua da Faculdade 645, 85903-000 Toledo, PR, Brazil
| | - Jan Bogerd
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Hugo R. Kruyt Building, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rafael H Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Bioscience of Botucatu, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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He S, Zhu L, Liu F, Liu Q, Shao Y, Hua M, Ding H, Shao W, Du Y, Hou X, Ren C, Liu M, Shen J. Functions of the Vasa gene in Schistosoma japonicum as assessed by RNA interference. Gene 2017; 638:13-19. [PMID: 28964895 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vasa, an enzyme belonging to the helicase family, contributes to the regulation of reproductive system development in many species. Thus, we hypothesized that the Vasa3 gene may function in the reproductive system of the parasite Schistosoma japonicum (S. japonicum), which is a major causative agent of schistosomiasis. It is a severe disease globally affecting humans and animals. To test this hypothesis, we firstly conducted whole mount in situ hybridization analyses and found that the S. japonicum Vasa3 (SjVasa3) gene was expressed mainly in the reproductive organs. We then explored the reproductive functions of Vasa3 in S. japonicum using RNA interference (RNAi) techniques. Coupled schistosomes collected from mice 28days post infection (dpi) were transfected three times with SjVasa3-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) and cultured in vitro for up to 10days. As measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analysis, levels of SjVasa3 mRNA and protein in Vasa siRNA treated worms were significantly reduced compared with untreated and scrambled siRNA treated worms. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images showed markedly siRNA induced changes in the morphology of the reproductive organs, especially in the female ovary, vitellarium and the male testes. SjVasa3 gene silencing also significantly reduced egg production. These data demonstrate that SjVasa3 is essential in reproductive organ development and egg production in S. japonicum, and could be a potential target for developing novel compounds to treat schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchun Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjing Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqing Hua
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Ding
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Du
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Hou
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Ren
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jijia Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Zoonoses, Anhui Medical University, 81#Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China.
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Yakovlev KV. Localization of germ plasm-related structures during sea urchin oogenesis. Dev Dyn 2015; 245:56-66. [PMID: 26385846 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal germ cells have specific organelles that are similar to ribonucleoprotein complex, called germ plasm, which is accumulated in eggs. Germ plasm is essential for inherited mechanism of germ line segregation in early embryogenesis. Sea urchins have early germ line segregation in early embryogenesis. Nevertheless, organization of germ plasm-related organelles and their molecular composition are still unclear. Another issue is whether maternally accumulated germ plasm exists in the sea urchin eggs. RESULTS I analyzed intracellular localization of germ plasm during oogenesis in sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius by using morphological approach and immunocytochemical detection of Vasa, a germ plasm marker. All ovarian germ cells have germ plasm-related organelles in the form of germ granules, Balbiani bodies, and perinuclear nuage found previously in germ cells in other animals. Maternal germ plasm is accumulated in late oogenesis at the cell periphery. Cytoskeletal drug treatment showed an association of Vasa-positive granules with actin filaments in the egg cortex. CONCLUSIONS All female germ cells of sea urchins have germ plasm-related organelles. Eggs have a maternally accumulated germ plasm associated with cortical cytoskeleton. These findings correlate with early segregation of germ line in sea urchins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Yakovlev
- Laboratory of Cytotechnology, A.V. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia
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Reproductive Biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-799953-1.00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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