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Liang W, Wang J, Sui J, Yun F, Shen Y, Zhou J, Wu Y, Shen D, Zhang Q. Inflammation as a target for the treatment of fever-associated epilepsy in zebrafish larvae. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109802. [PMID: 36738682 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is considered to be involved in epileptogenesis. However, the relationship between fever and inflammation as well as the mechanisms of fever in the occurrence and development of childhood epilepsy need further investigation. Here, we described an in vivo model of hyperthermia-induced seizures in zebrafish larvae with pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) exposure. Hyperthermia increased the susceptibility to seizure and the production of pro-inflammatory factors in PTZ-induced zebrafish larvae. As mutations in GABRG2 have been associated with fever-associated epilepsy, we used a Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish model expressing mutant human GABRG2(F343L) to further investigate the involvement of inflammation in fever-induced seizures. Our data indicated that hyperthermia also increased the locomotor activity in Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish larvae. Although the production of pro-inflammatory factors was upregulated by GABRG2 mutation, hyperthermia did not change the production of pro-inflammatory factors significantly. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation was sufficient to increase the locomotor activity in zebrafish larvae, suggesting that inflammation contributed to fever-associated epilepsy. The expression of GABRG2 was increased with PTZ induction, especially at a higher temperature. Moreover, inhibition of inflammation by dexamethasone (DEX) reduced the excitability of zebrafish larvae, especially at a higher temperature. Finally, in vitro experiments proved that LPS stimulation increased the production of IL-1β and IL-6 in GABRG2(F343L) transfected cells. Collectively, our study demonstrated that neuroinflammation was induced in febrile seizures, and the increased expression of IL-1β and IL-6 might be responsible for epileptogenesis. The vicious cycle between fever and inflammation might induce seizure onset, and anti-inflammatory strategies might be a potential treatment for fever-associated epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiahui Sui
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Yun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Youjia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dingding Shen
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Zhao J, Wei G, Zhu J, Liu D, Qin B. Expression analysis of nel during zebrafish embryonic development. Gene Expr Patterns 2022; 45:119258. [PMID: 35691514 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2022.119258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nel is a multimeric extracellular glycoprotein which predominantly expressed in the nervous system and play an important role in neural development and functions. There are three nel paralogues included nell2a, nell2b, and nell3 in zebrafish, while systematic expression analysis of the nel family is still lacking. In this study, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on 7 species, in different species the nell2a are highly conserved, as is nell2b. Then, the expression profiles of nell2a, nell2b and nell3 were detected by in situ hybridization in zebrafish embryo, and the result showed that nel genes highly enriched in the central nervous system, but distributed in different regions of the brain. In addition, nell2a is also expressed in the olfactory pit, spinal cord, otic vesicle and retina (ganglion cell layer), nell2b was detected to express in gill arches, olfactory epithelium, olfactory pit, spinal cord, photoreceptor and retina (ganglion cell layer), it should be noted that the expression of nell3 is special, was only detected at 96 hpf in the brain and spinal cord of zebrafish. Overall, our results indicate that nell2a and nell2b genes are expressed in the nervous system and eyes of zebrafish embryo, while nell3 is expressed in different regions in the nervous system. The phylogenetic analysis also shows that nell3 sequences are significantly different from nell2a and nell2b. This study provides new evidence to better understand the role of nel in zebrafish embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Zhao
- The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Guanyun Wei
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases; Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Bing Qin
- The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China; Suqian Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, China.
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Zhou J, Liang W, Wang J, Chen J, Liu D, Wang X, Wu Y, Zhang Q, Shen D. An epileptic encephalopathy associated GABRG2 missense mutation leads to pre- and postsynaptic defects in zebrafish. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:3216-3230. [PMID: 34957497 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor γ2 subunit gene, GABRG2, have been associated with a variety of epilepsy syndromes. A de novo mutation (c.T1027C, p.F343L) in GABRG2 was identified in a patient with early onset epileptic encephalopathy. Zebrafish overexpressing mutant human GABRG2 (F343L) subunits displayed spontaneous seizure activity and convulsive behaviors. In this study, we demonstrated that Tg (hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish displayed hyperactivity during light phase with normal circadian rhythm, as well as increased drug-induced locomotor activity. Real-time quantitative PCR, whole mount in situ hybridization and western blotting showed that Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish had altered expression of GABAA receptor subunits. Furthermore, investigation of synaptic protein expression and synapse ultrastructure uncovered a robust synaptic phenotype that is causally linked to GABRG2(F343L) mutation. Strikingly, Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish not only had postsynaptic defects, but also displayed an unanticipated deficit at the presynaptic level. Overall, our Tg(hGABRG2F343L) overexpression zebrafish model has expanded the GABAergic paradigm in epileptic encephalopathy from channelopathy to synaptopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wenpeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Youjia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dingding Shen
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Suo G, Cao X, Zheng Y, Li H, Zhang Q, Tang J, Wu Y. A de novo nonsense mutation of STXBP1 causes early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 123:108245. [PMID: 34390894 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in syntaxin-binding protein 1, STXBP1 (also known as MUNC18-1), are linked to multiple neurodevelopmental disorders, including severe early-onset epileptic encephalopathies (EOEEs). A de novo nonsense mutation of STXBP1 (c. 863G > A, p. W288X) was found in a patient diagnosed with EOEE at the age of 17 days. The electroencephalogram (EEG) showed sharp waves and spikes, while brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal. We generated a zebrafish EOEE model by overexpressing mutant STXBP1(W288X) and studied the behavioral changes further to understand the mechanism of W288X mutation in epileptogenesis. In addition, effective antiepileptic drugs were screened in the zebrafish model. Zebrafish STXBP1 homologs were highly conserved and prominently expressed in the larval zebrafish brain. The Tg(hSTXBP1W288X) zebrafish larvae exhibited hyperactivity compared with the wild-type (WT) controls. The expression of STXBP1 decreased during the development course from 1 to 5 days post fertilization. Spontaneous seizures and increased c-fos expression were observed in the mutant zebrafish larvae. The susceptibility of Tg(hSTXBP1W288X) zebrafish to pentylenetetrazol challenge also dramatically increased. Levetiracetam, clonazepam, and topiramate showed antiepileptic effects in the Tg(hSTXBP1W288X) larvae to different extents. Our findings in the newly generated mutant line of zebrafish suggested that zebrafish recapitulated clinical phenotypes associated with human STXBP1 mutation, which provided an appropriate in vivo model for epilepsy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihai Suo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuqin Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Haiying Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jihong Tang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Youjia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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de Paula F, Tucker AS, Teshima THN, de Souza MM, Coutinho‐Camillo CM, Nico MMS, Lourenço SV. Characteristics of aquaporin 1, 3, and 5 expression during early murine salivary gland development. J Anat 2021; 238:794-806. [PMID: 33078411 PMCID: PMC7855070 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential to coordinate the transit of water and ions through the cell membrane. In salivary glands (SGs), AQPs have been associated with saliva formation, facilitating water absorption through the epithelium during the formation of hypotonic saliva, which is then secreted into the oral cavity. Different members of the AQP family have been suggested to play distinct roles during embryonic development, highlighted by their specific expression patterns. Here, we have investigated the expression patterns of AQP-1, AQP-3 and AQP-5 by immunofluorescence at key stages of salivary gland development, utilising cultured mouse embryonic submandibular (SMG) and sublingual (SLG) glands. The expression of AQPs was compared to a mitotic marker, phospho-histone 3 (PH3), a myoepithelial marker, smooth muscle actin (SMA), and a vascular marker, CD31. Qualitative analysis revealed that AQP-1 and AQP-3 were primarily expressed during the earlier phases of SG morphogenesis and were associated with cells undergoing mitotic processes (PH3-positive). AQP-5, in contrast, was not associated to mitotic figures, but was predominantly expressed during late stages of SG morphogenesis. Our results highlight that AQPs are expressed from early stages of SG morphogenesis and exhibit complimentary expression patterns that may contribute to the morphogenesis of salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Paula
- General Pathology DepartmentDental SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Abigail S. Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing’s College LondonLondonUK
| | | | | | | | - Marcello Menta S. Nico
- General Pathology DepartmentDental SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil,Dermatology DepartmentMedical SchoolUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Silvia Vanessa Lourenço
- General Pathology DepartmentDental SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSão PauloBrazil,LIM06Institute of Tropical MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloSPBrazil
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Shen D, Chen J, Liu D, Shen M, Wang X, Wu Y, Ke S, Macdonald RL, Zhang Q. The GABRG2 F343L allele causes spontaneous seizures in a novel transgenic zebrafish model that can be treated with suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA). ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1560. [PMID: 33437759 PMCID: PMC7791267 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Mutations in the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor γ2 subunit gene, GABRG2, have been associated frequently with epilepsy syndromes with varying severities. Recently, a de novo GABRG2 mutation, c.T1027C, p.F343L, was identified in a patient with an early onset epileptic encephalopathy (EOEE). In vitro, we demonstrated that GABAA receptors containing the mutant γ2(F343L) subunit have impaired trafficking to the cell surface. Here, we aim to validate an in vivo zebrafish model of EOEE associated with the GABRG2 mutation T1027C. Methods We generated a novel transgenic zebrafish (AB strain) that overexpressed mutant human γ2(F343L) subunits and provided an initial characterization of the transgenic Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish. Results Real-time quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization identified a significant up-regulation of c-fos in the mutant transgenic zebrafish, which has a well-established role in epileptogenesis. In the larval stage 5 days postfertilization (dpf), freely swimming Tg(hGABRG2F343L) zebrafish displayed spontaneous seizure-like behaviors consisting of whole-body shaking and hyperactivity during automated locomotion video tracking, and seizures can be induced by light stimulation. Using RNA sequencing, we investigated transcriptomic changes due to the presence of mutant γ2L(F343L) subunits and have found 524 genes that are differentially expressed, including up-regulation of 33 genes associated with protein processing. More specifically, protein network analysis indicated histone deacetylases (HDACs) as potential therapeutic targets, and suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA), a broad HDACs inhibitor, alleviated seizure-like phenotypes in mutant zebrafish larvae. Conclusions Overall, our Tg(hGABRG2F343L) overexpression zebrafish model provides the first example of a human epilepsy-associated GABRG2 mutation resulting in spontaneous seizures in zebrafish. Moreover, HDAC inhibition may be worth investigating as a therapeutic strategy for genetic epilepsies caused by missense mutations in GABRG2 and possibly in other central nervous system genes that impair surface trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Shen
- Department of Neurology & Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Mi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Youjia Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shuan Ke
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Robert L Macdonald
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Nassari S, Del Olmo T, Jean S. Rabs in Signaling and Embryonic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1064. [PMID: 32033485 PMCID: PMC7037298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab GTPases play key roles in various cellular processes. They are essential, among other roles, to membrane trafficking and intracellular signaling events. Both trafficking and signaling events are crucial for proper embryonic development. Indeed, embryogenesis is a complex process in which cells respond to various signals and undergo dramatic changes in their shape, position, and function. Over the last few decades, cellular studies have highlighted the novel signaling roles played by Rab GTPases, while numerous studies have shed light on the important requirements of Rab proteins at various steps of embryonic development. In this review, we aimed to generate an overview of Rab contributions during animal embryogenesis. We first briefly summarize the involvement of Rabs in signaling events. We then extensively highlight the contribution of Rabs in shaping metazoan development and conclude with new approaches that will allow investigation of Rab functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steve Jean
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada; (S.N.); (T.D.O.)
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