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Vigoya AAA, Martinez ERM, Digmayer M, de Oliveira MA, Butzge AJ, Rosa IF, Doretto LB, Nóbrega RH. Characterization and enrichment of spermatogonial stem cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Theriogenology 2024; 214:233-244. [PMID: 37939542 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a systematically organized process that ensures uninterrupted sperm production in which the spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) play a crucial role. However, the existing absence of teleost-specific molecular markers for SSCs presents a notable challenge. Herein we characterized phenotypically the spermatogonial stem cells using specific molecular markers and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, we also describe a simple method to suppress common carp spermatogenesis using the combination of Busulfan and thermo-chemical treatment, and finally, we isolate and enrich the undifferentiated spermatogonial fraction. Our results showed that C-kit, GFRα1, and POU2 proteins were expressed by germ cells, meanwhile, undifferentiated spermatogonial populations preferentially expressed GFRα1 and POU2. Moreover, the combination of high temperature (35 °C) and Busulfan (40 mg/kg/BW) effectively suppressed the spermatogenesis of common carp males. Additionally, the amh expression analysis showed differences between the control (26 °C) when compared to 35 °C with a single or two Busulfan doses, confirming that the testes were depleted by the association of Busulfan at high temperatures. In an attempt to isolate the undifferentiated spermatogonial fraction, we used the Percoll discontinuous density gradient. Thus, we successfully dissociated the carp whole testes in different cellular fractions; subsequently, we isolated and enriched the undifferentiated spermatogonial population. Therefore, our results suggest that probably both GFRα-1 and POU2 are highly conserved factors expressed in common carp germinative epithelium and that these molecules were well conserved along the evolutionary process. Furthermore, the enriched undifferentiated spermatogonial population developed here can be used in further germ cell transplantation experiments to preserve and propagate valued and endangered fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel A A Vigoya
- Aquaculture Center of São Paulo State University, CAUNESP, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, San Martín University Foundation (FUSM), Bogotá, 760030, Colombia
| | - Emanuel R M Martinez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Melanie Digmayer
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Marcos A de Oliveira
- Aquaculture Center of São Paulo State University, CAUNESP, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Arno J Butzge
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Ivana F Rosa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil
| | - Lucas B Doretto
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; National Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Rafael H Nóbrega
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 01049-010, Brazil.
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Ribeiro DLS, Ribeiro LSS, Bezerra NPC, Silva JM, Noleto KS, Souza FA, Carvalho-Neta AV, Almeida ZS, Chaves DP, Torres Junior JRS. Differential gene expression pattern and plasma sex steroids during testicular development in Genyatremus luteus (Perciforme: Haemulidae) (Bloch, 1790). BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e262017. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.262017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The aim of the current study is to evaluate gene expression patterns of LH (lhr) and estrogen (er) receptors and plasma steroid levels during testicular development in Genyatremus luteus. Males were histologically classified as immature (n=7), maturing (n=7) and mature (n=7), based on the cellular structure of their testes. Plasma 11-KT concentration recorded peak at the final maturation stage. The highest plasma 17α-OHP concentrations were observed at the immature stage; they decreased at the maturation and mature stages. On the other hand, 17β-estradiol (E2) recorded higher concentrations at the maturation stage. Er expression has significantly increased along the maturational development of animals’ testes. The mRNA observed for the LH receptor has decreased from immature to maturing stage; it presented expression peak at the mature stage. There was high association between receptor gene expression and plasma steroid levels, mainly E2. The current study was the first to feature different reproductive maturation stages in male G. luteus specimens, based on cellular, endocrine and molecular aspects. In addition, it has shown that the gene expression profile for er and lhr receptors, as well as plasma 11-KT and E2 concentrations, are directly linked to testicular maturation, although they are not necessarily associated with the gonadosomatic index.
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