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Lee D, Gu M, Sok S. Effects of Qigong Therapy on the Psychological Well-Being, Physical Health State, Sleep State, and Life Satisfaction of Older Adults Living in Community. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:186-193. [PMID: 38900004 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Older adults living in a community are looking for alternative and complementary methods to improve their healthy longevity and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the effects of the Qigong therapy on psychological well-being, physical health state, sleep state, and life satisfaction of older adults living in community. This study used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The study samples were 69 older adults (intervention, n = 34; control, n = 35) over 65 years old in community in South Korea. Qigong therapy was performed 50 minutes per session, twice a week for a total of 20 times over a 10-week period in a comfortable and quiet environment without external noise. Measures were the study participant's general characteristics survey, psychological well-being scale, Cornell Medical Index-Korean version, sleep scale, and life satisfaction scale standardized for the elderly. Effects of Qigong therapy according to interaction effect over time and the group showed statistically significant differences in psychological well-being, physical health state, sleep state, and life satisfaction. This study suggests that Qigong therapy was an effective nursing intervention for improving the psychological well-being, physical health state, sleep state, and life satisfaction of older adults living in community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Lee
- Author Affiliations: Department of Nursing, Graduate School, (Ms Lee), College of Nursing Science (Dr Sok), Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; and Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Daejin University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (Dr Gu)
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Chang PS, Cohee A, Poe C, Kim J, Yergler A, Lu Y. A Content Analysis of African Americans' Experience of Engaging in Qigong Exercise Intervention in a Community Setting. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:146-156. [PMID: 37585619 PMCID: PMC10886424 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Although an increasing number of African Americans 50 years of age and older practice qigong, a mind-body exercise, to manage their health conditions, little is known about their perceptions and experiences of engaging in and learning qigong exercise. This study aimed to explore the subjective perceptions of the health benefits, engagement, adherence, and learning of qigong exercise in African Americans 45-85 years of age as a foundation for promoting this approach for African Americans' physical and psychological health. Methods: Fifteen African Americans were enrolled in a 1-h qigong exercise program twice a week for 8 weeks (a total of 16 sessions) in the activity center of a local church. Participants were interviewed after the intervention to explore their perceptions of learning and practicing qigong exercise. Interviews were conducted in person, audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using content analysis. Results: Five themes emerged: (1) Perceived benefits of practicing qigong, (2) helpful strategies for qigong learning, (3) facilitators for home qigong practice, (4) motivators for qigong exercise adherence, and (5) recommending qigong to others. qigong exercise was perceived to be effective for balance, flexibility, muscle strength, sleep quality, emotion regulation, and stress management. Nearly 75% of participants reported home qigong practice at least twice a week. Conclusions: Middle-age and older African Americans' responses provide insights on health benefits associated with practicing qigong exercise, adherence, home practice, and learning, which may serve as the first step to promoting the use of qigong exercise in this population and may be adopted to similar exercise interventions with minority older adults in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shiun Chang
- Department of Community and Health Policy, School of Nursing, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | | | - Christina Poe
- Department of Community and Health Policy, School of Nursing, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Junhyoung Kim
- Department of Health & Wellness Design, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Abby Yergler
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yvonne Lu
- Department of Nursing Science, School of Nursing, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Liu J, Yang Y, Li C, Perez A, Raine A, Shi H, Zou L. Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control. J Aging Res 2024; 2024:2481518. [PMID: 38333772 PMCID: PMC10849816 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2481518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Culturally relevant exercises may help improve health and address disparities faced by older immigrants due to language and cultural barriers. Few studies have focused on such exercise interventions among older Chinese immigrants at US daycare centers. Methods We conducted a 10-week nonrandomized controlled trial in older Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia, US. The intervention group practiced Chinese Qigong (Baduanjin) 5 days a week guided by trained research assistants and video instructions. The control group maintained their usual daily activities. We collected self-report assessments on overall health, sleep, and fatigue and implemented two computerized cognitive tests measuring psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and memory twice, preintervention and postintervention. Repeated measures general linear model (GLM) and paired samples t-tests were used for data analyses. Results Eighty-eight older adults (Qigong, n = 53; control, n = 35) with an average age of 78.13 (SD = 5.05) were included. Groups showed no significant differences at baseline evaluation. After the 10-week exercise, the intervention group showed significant improvements in overall health (p=0.032), fatigue (p < 0.001), and cognitive functions including memory (p=0.01), response speed (p=0.002), and response time (p=0.012) on the PVT, as well as marginally significant benefits in sleep (p=0.058). Between-group comparisons identified significant group-by-time interactions in health (p=0.024), sleep (p=0.004), fatigue (p=0.004), and memory (p=0.004). Conclusion We revealed significant positive effects of Qigong in older Chinese immigrants across multiple health domains. Findings highlight the potential of a culturally relevant exercise in addressing health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Clara Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Adriana Perez
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adrian Raine
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Haoer Shi
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Liu J, Kowal I, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Chen S, Perez A, Rao H, Group COAQE. Culturally tailored group Qigong exercise in older Chinese immigrants: A feasibility study. Geriatr Nurs 2023; 51:245-252. [PMID: 37023684 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culturally tailored group exercise bridges health disparities among new immigrants, particularly older adults. We designed a Chinese Qigong (Baduanjin) exercise intervention testing the feasibility and acceptability among older Chinese at a senior daycare center in Philadelphia, PA, US. METHODS 10-week Qigong group in-person exercise was delivered 5 days a week, using a 12-minute video tutorial under trained research assistants' guidance. Daily attendance and attrition was recorded. Participants completed baseline self-report assessments on physical and mental health, and two computerized cognitive tests, the psychomotor vigilance test and a memory test. RESULTS 53 older adults participated (mean age: 78, female: 88.7%). Average daily attendance was 65.28%. Stratification analysis on age groups <80 and ≥80 shows no significant differences on key variables. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment for Baduanjin Qigong exercise was feasible in senior daycare centers, and older adults could easily learn and safely follow exercise movements. Preliminarily findings call for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States.
| | - Isabelle Kowal
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yuting Zhu
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sicheng Chen
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Adriana Perez
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Hengyi Rao
- School of Nursing and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
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Lin Y, Zhao B, Ma X. The Influence of Guozhuang Dance on the Subjective Well-Being of Older Adults: The Chain Mediating Effect of Group Identity and Self-Efficacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14545. [PMID: 36361424 PMCID: PMC9654213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of the gradually accelerating aging of the population, the subjective well-being of older adults has received extensive research attention. Guozhuang Dance is a collective aerobic exercise that plays an important role in the physical activity of older Chinese adults. Studying the intrinsic relationship between Guozhuang Dance and the subjective well-being can help improve the quality of life and well-being of older adults in their later years. This study was conducted in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China, where many older adults practice Guozhuang Dance. Previous studies pointed out that group identity and self-efficacy can influence well-being in a collective exercise. METHODS For this study, we recruited 520 adults (male = 228, female = 292) aged 65 years or older from Chengdu who participated in Guozhuang Dance, to conduct a survey to understand the effect of this exercise on their subjective well-being. The Guozhuang Dance exercise scale, the group identity scale, the self-efficacy scale, and the subjective well-being scale were used in the study. We used SPSS for the descriptive statistical analysis, and AMOS for the structural equation modeling. RESULTS The results of the study show that Guozhuang Dance has a positive effect on enhancing the subjective well-being of older adults and can increase the subjective well-being through the chain mediating effect of group identity and self-efficacy. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that effective measures should be taken to encourage older adults to participate in Guozhuang Dance, in order to enhance their subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzheng Lin
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Chinese Guoshu Academy, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiujie Ma
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Chinese Guoshu Academy, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Hita-Contreras F, Martínez-Amat A, Loureiro VB, Marques de Loureiro NE, Jiménez-García JD, Fábrega-Cuadros R, Aibar-Almazán A. Impact of Qigong exercises on the severity of the menopausal symptoms and health-related quality of life: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:656-664. [PMID: 35179431 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2044915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of a Qigong exercise program on the severity of the menopausal symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of community-dwelling postmenopausal women. This was done by means of a randomized clinical trial with a sample of 125 women who were assigned to either a control (n = 62) or an experimental group (n = 63). The severity of their menopause-related symptoms and HRQoL were assessed through the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) respectively, before and after the intervention period. The main findings of our study reveal significant improvement in the severity of menopausal symptoms at the somatic, psychological, and urogenital levels, as well as in the total score of the MRS. Additionally, participants assigned to the Qigong group experienced improvement in the general health, physical functioning, role-physical, bodily pain, vitality, and mental health domains of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, as well as in its physical component and mental component summaries. We can therefore conclude that, among Spanish postmenopausal women, a twelve-week Qigong exercise program has beneficial effects on the severity of menopausal symptoms and HRQoL.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03989453..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén. Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Amat
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén. Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Raquel Fábrega-Cuadros
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén. Jaén, Spain
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén. Jaén, Spain
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Efficacy of Liuzijue Qigong in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2022; 65:102809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2022.102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Aibar-Almazán A, Martínez-Amat A, Brandão-Loureiro V, Jiménez-García JD, Castellote-Caballero Y, Hita-Contreras F. Qigong for Muscle Strength and Static Postural Control in Middle-Aged and Older Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:784320. [PMID: 34957157 PMCID: PMC8692287 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.784320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of a Qigong exercise program on the muscle strength and postural control in middle-aged and older postmenopausal women. This is a randomized clinical trial (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03989453) conducted on 125 women who were initially assigned to either an experimental group (n = 63) that performed a Qigong exercise program for 12 weeks or to a control group (n = 62) that did not receive any intervention. Muscle strength (dynamometer) and postural control (stabilometric platform) were evaluated before and immediately after an intervention period. The main findings of this study suggest that the women in the experimental group had improvements in muscle strength, mean velocity of the displacement of the center of pressure (CoP) with both eyes open and closed, and the surface sway area covered by the CoP, as well as the mediolateral and anteroposterior oscillations of the CoP, only with eyes open. The results of the present study determined that a 12 week Qigong exercise program has beneficial effects on muscle strength and postural control of middle-aged and older postmenopausal Spanish women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Martínez-Amat
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Mind-Body Health Benefits of Traditional Chinese Qigong on Women: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7443498. [PMID: 34567220 PMCID: PMC8457943 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7443498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Most women live with an inactive lifestyle, which suggests a need for preference-based choices to promote their participation in physical activity. This systematic review synthesized key findings on the health benefits of Qigong among women. We conducted a systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Qigong among women according to the PRISMA guidelines using the following databases from their inception through March 2021: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and US National Library of Medicine. The risk of bias was examined using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials. Altogether, 18 RCTs were included for final review. Results showed that Qigong was a feasible exercise in improving health outcomes, particularly depressive symptoms (63% of trials), quality of life (43%), and fatigue (29%), among general women, intimate partner violence survivors, and women with chronic conditions (e.g., breast cancer patients or survivors). Almost 90% (7/8) of trials reported high adherence rates ranging from 73 to 95% for supervised group training and 63 to 80% for home self-practice. Thus far, there was no evidence of serious adverse effects from performing Qigong. For the risk of bias across trials, a lack of allocation concealment (72% of trials), no blinding of participants and personnel (67%), and incomplete outcome data (67%) were the major sources. In summary, Qigong is a safe, feasible, and beneficial exercise for general women, abused sufferers, and health-compromised women. However, given the potential risk of bias found in many studies, improved rigor of study design in future trials will be imperatively required.
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Chang PS, Lu Y, Nguyen CM, Suh Y, Luciani M, Ofner S, Powell S. Effects of Qigong Exercise on Physical and Psychological Health among African Americans. West J Nurs Res 2021; 43:551-562. [PMID: 32942949 PMCID: PMC8159432 DOI: 10.1177/0193945920959067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Interventions are needed to address physical and psychological health in middle-aged and older African Americans (AAs). The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of an eight-week Qigong exercise on physical ability and function, balance, frailty, depression and anxiety, and spiritual well-being in AAs using a single-group design. Fifteen AAs with a mean age of 64 years received Qigong exercise over 16 semi-weekly, one-hour sessions. The majority were female (93.3%) and college-level educated (53.3%). Repeat chair stands, physical function, and spiritual well-being improved significantly (p < .05) with effect sizes ranging from .45 to .87. Over 52% of participants showed improved depression scores, fast gait speed, and standing balance. Nearly 42% demonstrated some frailty improvement over baseline. No adverse events were reported. Qigong exercise potentially improves the physical ability and function, and spiritual well-being of AAs and needs further testing in a randomized clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shiun Chang
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Yvonne Lu
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 600 Barnhill Dr, NU W407, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Chi Mai Nguyen
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Youngnok Suh
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
| | - Mary Luciani
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 600 Barnhill Dr, NU W407, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Susan Ofner
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics; 410 W. 10th Street, HITS 3000, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Savannah Powell
- Indiana University School of Nursing; 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
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Effect of Sitting Ba-Duan-Jin Exercises on Balance and Quality of Life Among Older Adults: A Preliminary Study. Rehabil Nurs 2021; 45:271-278. [PMID: 30730382 DOI: 10.1097/rnj.0000000000000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to ascertain whether ba-duan-jin (BDJ) can improve balance and enhance the quality of life among older adults. DESIGN This pilot study was designed as a single group pre-post comparison test. METHODS Sixteen older adults were qualified and recruited for this study at local retirement communities. Assessments for pre- and postintervention among the subjects included Single-Leg Stance, Chair Rising Test, Tinetti Balance Test, Modified Falls Efficacy Scale, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire for quality of life. FINDINGS After 12 weeks of BDJ training, significant improvements were identified in Single-Leg Stance, Tinetti Balance Test, Modified Falls Efficacy Scale, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (all p < .01); however not for the Chair Rising Test (p > .05). CONCLUSION The results indicate that BDJ can improve balance, lower extremity strength, quality of life, and decrease fear of falling among older adults. CLINICAL RELEVANCE BDJ is an effective rehabilitation training method and can improve balance and motor function among older people. Rehabilitation nursing plays a key role in functional rehabilitation of older people.
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Toneti BF, Barbosa RFM, Mano LY, Sawada LO, Oliveira IGD, Sawada NO. Benefits of Qigong as an integrative and complementary practice for health: a systematic review. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2020; 28:e3317. [PMID: 32696918 PMCID: PMC7365612 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.3718.3317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: to analyze, in the literature, evidence about the benefits of the integrative
and complementary practice of Qigong with regard to the
health of adults and the elderly. Method: a systematic review by searching for studies in the PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS,
EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Randomized and non-randomized
clinical trials were included; in Portuguese, English and Spanish; from 2008
to 2018. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and
Meta-Analyses strategy was adopted, as well as the recommendation of the
Cochrane Collaboration for assessing the risk of bias in the clinical trials
analyzed. Results: 28 studies were selected that indicated the benefit of the practice to the
target audience, which can be used for numerous health conditions, such as:
cancer; fibromyalgia; Parkinson’s disease; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease; Burnout; stress; social isolation; chronic low back pain; cervical
pain; buzz; osteoarthritis; fatigue; depression; and cardiovascular
diseases. However, there was a great risk of bias in terms of the blinding
of the research studies. Conclusion: the practice of Qigong produces positive results on health,
mainly in the medium and long term. This study contributes to the
advancement in the use of integrative and complementary practices in
nursing, since it brings together the scientific production in the area from
the best research results available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Francielle Toneti
- PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre at the Nursing Research Development, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Fernando Mendes Barbosa
- PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre at the Nursing Research Development, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Yukio Mano
- Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Okino Sawada
- School of Computing and Information Science, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Igor Goulart de Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Bandeirantes, PR, Brazil
| | - Namie Okino Sawada
- Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Gonçalves M, Matos LC, Duarte L, Machado J, Greten HJ, Franconi G. Problems of scientific methodology related to placebo control in Qigong studies: A systematic review. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2020; 24:261-270. [PMID: 33218521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2020.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Qigong is widespread in the West and used for preventive care, stress-induced conditions, emotional and vegetative symptoms like migraine and hypertension, as well as for better coordination in the elderly and quality of life enhancement in severe disease such as cancer. Adequate controls for Qigong research are lacking, compromising the level of efficacy evidence. Adequate Qigong placebo control exercises should match clear and standardized criteria. METHODS Three computerized databases were assessed in January 2018 (Scopus, Web of Science and MEDLINE on PubMed) using the following keywords or their combinations: (Qigong OR Qi Gong OR Gong Qi OR Chi Kung OR Kung Chi OR Kiko OR Ki Gong OR Ki Kong) AND placebo. In addition, all reference lists were scanned for further relevant articles. Literature was examined for the effects of Qigong as compared to a control intervention. RESULTS 110 articles were found, 78 of which were excluded after examining the title and abstract, and 16 because they were duplicates. Four more articles were found by searching in the bibliographies of published papers. A total of 20 studies were included in this systematic review. We found that, to the best of our knowledge, no criteria for placebo controls have been published in peer-reviewed journals so far. CONCLUSION Placebo controls should be developed by the usage of vegetative functional assessments such as heart rate variability, thermography, and electrophysiological measurements, thus excluding major vegetative effects of the exercise, as well as by the usage of psychometric tests and other quantitative evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário Gonçalves
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; DGTCM - German Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany; HSCM - Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Luís Carlos Matos
- Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal; Centro Transdisciplinar de Estudos da Consciência da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (CTEC-UFP), 4249-004, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonel Duarte
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Machado
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; LABIOMEP - Biomechanics Laboratory of Porto, University of Porto, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - Henry Johannes Greten
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; DGTCM - German Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany; HSCM - Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanna Franconi
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
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Vidal-Almela S, Czajkowski B, Prince SA, Chirico D, Way KL, Pipe AL, Reed JL. Lessons learned from community- and home-based physical activity programs: A narrative review of factors influencing women's participation in cardiac rehabilitation. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 28:761-778. [PMID: 33611528 DOI: 10.1177/2047487320907748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death in women. Despite the well-known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, it remains underutilized, especially among women. Physical activity programs in the community, however, attract a large female population, suggesting that they overcome barriers to physical activity encountered by women. The characteristics of interventions that extend beyond the traditional cardiac rehabilitation model and promote physical activity merit examination. OBJECTIVES This narrative review aimed to: (a) summarize women's barriers to attend cardiac rehabilitation; (b) examine the characteristics of community- and home-based physical activity or lifestyle coaching interventions; and (c) discuss which barriers may be addressed by these alternative programs. METHODS Studies were included if they: (a) were published within the past 10 years; (b) included ≥70% women with a mean age ≥45 years; (c) implemented a community- or home-based physical activity intervention or a lifestyle education/behavioral coaching program; and (d) aimed to improve physical activity levels or physical function. RESULTS Most interventions reported high (≥70%) participation rates and significant increases in physical activity levels at follow-up; some improved physical function and/or cardiovascular disease risk factors. Community- and home-based interventions address women's cardiac rehabilitation barriers by: implementing appealing modes of physical activity (e.g. dancing, group-walking, technology-based balance exercises); adapting the program to meet participants' needs; offering flexible options regarding timing and setting (e.g. closer to home, the workplace or faith-based institutions); and promoting social interactions. CONCLUSION Cardiac rehabilitation can be enhanced by understanding the specific needs of women; novel elements such as program offerings, convenient settings and opportunities for socialization should be considered when designing cardiac rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Vidal-Almela
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
- Institut du savoir Montfort, l'Hôpital Montfort, Canada
| | - Brenna Czajkowski
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Prince
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Daniele Chirico
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Kimberley L Way
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
| | - Andrew L Pipe
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Reed
- Exercise Physiology and Cardiovascular Health Lab, Division of Cardiac Prevention and Rehabilitation, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
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Design and Validation of Rule-Based Expert System by Using Kinect V2 for Real-Time Athlete Support. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10020611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In sports and rehabilitation processes where isotonic movements such as bodybuilding are performed, it is vital for individuals to be able to correct the wrong movements instantly by monitoring the trainings simultaneously, and to be able to train healthily and away from the risks of injury. For this purpose, we designed a new real-time athlete support system using Kinect V2 and Expert System. Lateral raise (LR) and dumbbell shoulder press (DSP) movements were selected as examples to be modeled in the system. Kinect V2 was used to obtain angle and distance changes in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle during movements in these movement models designed. For the rule base of Expert System developed according to these models, a 28-state rule table was designed, and 12 main rules were determined that could be used for both actions. In the sample trainings, it was observed that the decisions made by the system had 89% accuracy in DSP training and 82% accuracy in LR training. In addition, the developed system has been tested by 10 participants (25.8 ± 5.47 years; 74.69 ± 14.81 kg; 173.5 ± 9.52 cm) in DSP and LR training for four weeks. At the end of this period and according to the results of paired t-test analysis (p < 0.05) starting from the first week, it was observed that the participants trained more accurately and that they enhanced their motions by 58.08 ± 11.32% in LR training and 54.84 ± 12.72% in DSP training.
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Li Z, Zhuang J, Jiang Y, Xiao G, Jie K, Wang T, Yin W, Zhang Y, Wang Z. Study protocol for a single-blind randomised controlled trial to evaluate the clinical effects of an Integrated Qigong exercise intervention on freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028869. [PMID: 31515419 PMCID: PMC6747653 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Qigong exercise offers a potentially safe, low-cost and effective mind-body rehabilitative intervention for mitigating the problem of gait interruption among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who have frequent freezing of gait (FOG) episodes. However, its clinical effects have not been established. This paper describes the trial protocol of evaluating the clinical efficacy of a newly developed Integrated Qigong in improving gait among patients with PD who have FOG. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A single-blind randomised controlled trial is designed to compare Integrated Qigong and balance training with an attention control. Participants will be patients with mild to moderate PD who experience FOG and are recruited from local communities in Shanghai, China. Participants will be randomly allocated to one of the three groups: Integrated Qigong group, a balance exercise intervention group, or control group. The total number of participants will be 126, and masked assessments will be made at baseline, 12 weeks (end of intervention) and 12-week follow-up. Both Integrated Qigong group and balance training group will receive a group-based exercise intervention that meets three times per week, 60 min in duration, for 12 weeks. The control group will receive a 60 min weekly group session and monthly health education. The primary outcomes are gait parameters (stride length, gait velocity, stride time variability) and occurrence of FOG. The secondary outcomes are postural instability, walking disability, falling, fear of falling and quality of life. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Sport and registered at China Clinical Trial Registry. Participants will sign informed consent prior to the participation of the trial. The findings of the study will be published in peer-reviewed academic journals and disseminated to PD support groups, medical community and media. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR1800016570.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlan Li
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhuang
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Guiping Xiao
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuncheng Jie
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian Wang
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhan Yin
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Sport Science, School of Martial Arts, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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17
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Chang PS, Knobf T, Oh B, Funk M. Physical and Psychological Health Outcomes of Qigong Exercise in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:301-322. [PMID: 30827152 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Physical limitations, depression and anxiety are prevalent among older adults. Mild to moderate exercise can promote physical and psychological health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Qigong, a type of Chinese traditional medicine exercise, has demonstrated beneficial effects on physical ability and mental health in adults with chronic conditions. The purpose of this review was to systematically assess the effects of Qigong exercise on physical and psychological health outcomes in older adults. A total of 1282 older adults aged 62 to 83 years with depressive symptoms, frailty or chronic medical illnesses were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed that Qigong exercise resulted in significantly improved physical ability compared with active control or usual care (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.00 and 1.20, respectively). The pooled effects of studies with thrice weekly Qigong sessions had the greatest effect ( SMD=1.65 ) on physical ability in older adults. Lower quality studies demonstrated larger effect sizes than those of higher quality. Although Qigong exercise showed favorable effects on depression, balance and functioning, the overall effects did not reach statistical significance. No significant adverse events were reported. The findings suggest that the Qigong exercise may be an option for older adults to improve physical ability, functional ability, balance and to lessen depression and anxiety. However, the number of RCTs that enroll older adults is limited. More methodologically sound RCTs are needed to confirm the efficacy of Qigong exercise on physical and psychological health in older adults with chronic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shiun Chang
- * School of Nursing, Indiana University at Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Tish Knobf
- † School of Nursing, Yale University, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Byeongsang Oh
- ‡ Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marjorie Funk
- † School of Nursing, Yale University, Connecticut 06511, USA
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shiun Chang
- Department of Community and Health System, Indiana University School of Nursing, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tish Knobf
- Nursing and Acute Care/Health Systems Division Chair, Yale University School of Nursing, Orange, CT, USA
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Chang PS, Chao AM, Jang M, Lu YYF. Intervention fidelity in Qigong randomized controlled trials: A method review. Geriatr Nurs 2018; 40:84-90. [PMID: 30093074 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intervention fidelity has important implications for the reliability and validity of a study. Despite the widely reported health benefits of Qigong exercise interventions, the quality of intervention fidelity is less clear. The purpose of this paper is to use a valid intervention fidelity assessment tool to evaluate how intervention fidelity has been addressed in five areas-design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment-in Qigong randomized controlled studies. A total of 86 articles were drawn from CINAHL, PubMed, AMED, and Scopus, and 32 were selected for the review. The adherence to intervention fidelity strategies within the intervention design, training, delivery, receipt, and enactment was 0.66, 0.32, 0.22, 0.12, and 0.21, respectively. The findings suggest that intervention fidelity is inadequately implemented or reported in published Qigong studies. Developing a consistent intervention fidelity plan for Qigong interventions is needed. To this aim, we propose a treatment fidelity plan specific to Qigong research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Shiun Chang
- Yale School of Nursing, 400 West Campus Drive, Orange, CT 06457; Indiana University School of Nursing, 1033 E. Third Street, Bloomington, IN 47405.
| | - Ariana M Chao
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104; Center for Weight and Eating Disorders at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Mezzanine Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Myoungock Jang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Nursing, 701 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Yvonne Y F Lu
- Indiana University School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202
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Accreditation Standard Guideline Initiative for Tai Chi and Qigong Instructors and Training Institutions. MEDICINES 2018; 5:medicines5020051. [PMID: 29890675 PMCID: PMC6023434 DOI: 10.3390/medicines5020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Evidence of the health and wellbeing benefits of Tai Chi and Qigong (TQ) have emerged in the past two decades, but TQ is underutilized in modern health care in Western countries due to lack of promotion and the availability of professionally qualified TQ instructors. To date, there are no government regulations for TQ instructors or for training institutions in China and Western countries, even though TQ is considered to be a part of Traditional Chinese medicine that has the potential to manage many chronic diseases. Based on an integrative health care approach, the accreditation standard guideline initiative for TQ instructors and training institutions was developed in collaboration with health professionals, integrative medicine academics, Tai Chi and Qigong master instructors and consumers including public safety officers from several countries, such as Australia, Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Korea, Sweden and USA. In this paper, the rationale for organizing the Medical Tai Chi and Qigong Association (MTQA) is discussed and the accreditation standard guideline for TQ instructors and training institutions developed by the committee members of MTQA is presented. The MTQA acknowledges that the proposed guidelines are broad, so that the diversity of TQ instructors and training institutions can be integrated with recognition that these guidelines can be developed with further refinement. Additionally, these guidelines face challenges in understanding the complexity of TQ associated with different principles, philosophies and schools of thought. Nonetheless, these guidelines represent a necessary first step as primary resource to serve and guide health care professionals and consumers, as well as the TQ community.
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21
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Qigong Exercise and Arthritis. MEDICINES 2017; 4:medicines4040071. [PMID: 28953263 PMCID: PMC5750595 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Arthritis is a chronic condition resulting in considerable disability, particularly in later life. Aims: The first aim of this review was to summarize and synthesize the research base concerning the use of Qigong exercises as a possible adjunctive strategy for promoting well-being among adults with arthritis. A second was to provide related intervention directives for health professionals working or who are likely to work with this population in the future. Methods: Material specifically focusing on examining the nature of Qigong for minimizing arthritis disability, pain and dependence and for improving life quality was sought. Results: Collectively, despite almost no attention to this topic, available data reveal that while more research is indicated, Qigong exercises-practiced widely in China for many centuries as an exercise form, mind-body and relaxation technique-may be very useful as an intervention strategy for adults with different forms of painful disabling arthritis. Conclusion: Health professionals working with people who have chronic arthritis can safely recommend these exercises to most adults with this condition with the expectation they will heighten the life quality of the individual, while reducing pain and depression in adults with this condition.
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