Is the glass ceiling in gastroenterology gone?

Gender, Race, and Ethnicity Representation Among Gastroenterologists: A Review of Recent Trends

Diversity in medicine and the gastroenterology (GI) subspecialty is a topic warranting attention, especially in light of a number of recent incidents highlighting the persistence of racial, ethnic, and gender injustice in our nation. Insight into this topic is important insofar as the multitude of racial, ethnic, and gender backgrounds comprising the national patient population should be reflected, to the degree possible, by the providers serving it. Inclusion becomes particularly imperative because the quality of health care and health research and bridging disparities may be closely linked to adequate representation among healthcare providers. Despite the urgency of this topic, there is a paucity of data examining trends in gender and racial/ethnic diversity among medical professionals within the field of GI. In this narrative review, we examine how ethnoracial and gender representation has changed over time at critical points along the educational, training, and career pathways in GI.

Does provider gender matter in endoscopy? An international perspective

There is a growing body of literature on the importance of provider gender on patient-related metrics, including satisfaction, compliance, follow-up, and health-related outcomes. Studies have shown that female patients are more likely to factor gender when choosing their physicians than male patients and are much more likely to choose female physicians when provided the option of selecting providers. Early studies in this field have consistently demonstrated a significant gender preference for female endoscopists by female patients. In this perspective, we review findings from United States and international literature on patient-provider gender concordance for endoscopic procedures. We present the current state, describe our experience in an international setting in the Middle East, and offer strategies to promote the advancement of women in gastroenterology, many of which have been successfully implemented to address the health preferences and needs of our female patients.

Gender disparities in gastroenterology fellowship director positions in the United States

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Despite a paucity of women occupying leadership positions in academic medicine, studies have shown a higher ratio of female representation in the program director position compared with division chief in multiple specialties. This study aims to determine whether this trend exists in 3-year gastroenterology fellowships in the United States and to evaluate for any factors that may affect these differences.

METHODS

In 2015, data were collected for the 163 U.S. gastroenterology fellowship programs including program director, associate program director, division chief, gender distribution, program size, academic center affiliation, and geographic region.

RESULTS

A higher percentage of men than women held the role of program director (82% vs 18%), associate program director (72% vs 28%), and division chief (93% vs 7%). Women in program leadership held lower academic rank than their male counterparts (P < .0001). The program director was more likely to be female if the division chief also was female (P = .03). Programs with a higher number of trainees tended to be led by a female program director (P = .06).

CONCLUSIONS

A gender disparity exists in all gastroenterology leadership roles, although the magnitude is smaller for program director and associate program director than the role of division chief. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of this disparity on promotion and academic productivity.