What factors drive open innovation in China's public sector? A case study of official document exchange via microblogging (ODEM) in Haining

Determinants of adoption of IS-based service innovations in government to create public value

Purpose

This paper aims to propose a conceptual framework showing factors favoring the adoption of information systems (IS)-based service innovations in the public sector at the organizational level.

Design/methodology/approach

The research design is based on the development of a theoretical framework from the technology–organization–environment framework and from a case study of an outsourced IS-based electronic document management system from six different ministries in the same state in Mexico.

Findings

Strong contrasts in the degree of adoption of the service innovation appeared among various ministries involved in state government, revealing differences in the presence or absence of key variables, integrated into theoretical framework, including perception of external pressure; perception of benefits and risks and organizational readiness; and political, sociotechnical and economical inertia in given institutional conditions, leading to different public value outcomes associated with intraorganizational efficiencies and to the relationship between public administration and politicians.

Practical implications

Public managers must consider process mapping and sources of political, sociotechnical and economical inertia in given institutional conditions, to ensure a satisfactory adoption of service innovations in public administration and create public value. The promotion of a more structured and enduring professional career system in such context is another key to the adoption of innovations.

Originality/value

Based on theoretical and empirical grounds, the main contribution of this paper is to emphasize, through an integrated theoretical framework, the relatively unexplored roles of process mapping in organizational readiness and of political, sociotechnical and economic sources of inertia in relation to specific agents in the adoption of public sector service innovations at the organizational level in the context of the public administration in Mexico to produce public value.

A Study of Combinations of Factors in the Marketization of Open Data of Local Governments in China on the Perspective of the Configurations

The Chinese Government and Statistics Departments have collected huge amounts of data. They use these government open data to conduct applied research and technological studies, including the establishment of a market-based system for data elements. These data are put into e-government to build the construction of digital government and improve the level of government services continuously. This paper uses the perspective of the configurations to discuss the combinations of factors in the marketization of open data of local governments in China with fsQCA method; this paper is based on the TOE framework, and the indices of the data layer of the government open data forest in 16 provinces are taken as the research object. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the market-oriented utilization paths of local government open data are categorized as technology-led, management-resource-led, economic and technology-driven, and location-advantaged. (2) Under certain conditions, when the number of data developers is small, and there is no dedicated government data management agency, optimizing and improving the government open data platform could be an alternative path to promote the effective use of local government open data in the market.

Government Data Performance: The Roles of Technology, Government Capacity, and Globalization through the Effects of National Innovativeness

The availability of open, relevant, and up-to-date public data is becoming an increasingly important dimension of national competitiveness and sustainable development. It serves as a foundation for novel technologies, such as big data analytics, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, to take root and flourish, and it can help improve the quality and efficiency of government decision making and render governments more transparent and accessible to the public. Often referred as Open Government Data, or OGD, governments around the world have committed resources to constructing various OGD platforms. However, building a robust and effective OGD system has proved difficult, as the promise of OGD has not been realized fully around the world. At this important juncture, this study aims to explore the relationship between national technological and organizational capacities and environmental factor and the quality of OGD systems. In addition, national innovativeness and the degree of “globalization” in a country and their moderating effects between the predictors and OGD performance are examined. Our findings indicate strong positive effects of national technological capacity, government organization capacity, and globalization on OGD quality and a positive moderating effect of national innovativeness.

Citizens’ or Government’s Will? Exploration of Why Indonesia’s Local Governments Adopt Technologies for Open Government

Web 2.0 is a technology that enables collaboration between citizens and the government to actualise the concept of open government. The adoption of technology in the public sector is known to have positive impacts in fostering public sector innovation, including in developing countries with various problems that require collaboration between citizens and the government. However, currently studies concerning open government technology adoption in developing countries are limited. Indonesia as an example of a developing and democratic country provides a suitable context to explore this phenomenon. Moreover, there are many local government institutions in Indonesia, especially on Java Island, that have implemented Web 2.0 to support open government initiatives. Therefore, this research aims to explore key factors influencing the adoption of the Web 2.0 platform by local government institutions in Indonesia. Multiple theories are combined to guide the exploration of the influencing factors related to technology, organisations, management, and the environment. Based on a multiple case study involving five local government institutions in Indonesia, we identified fifteen factors affecting the adoption of Web 2.0 technology. This study offers both research and practical implications that can be considered by government and other key stakeholders to optimise public participation and information access through the adoption of open government initiatives.

Public Value Co-Creation in Living Labs—Results from Three Case Studies

Living Labs—innovation units established to introduce new methods and approaches into public sector organizations—have received a lot of attention as methods for experimentation and open innovation practices in public sector organizations. However, little is known so far about how they co-create public value and which conditions influence these co-creation practices. Therefore, the research questions are: which organizational factors influence the process of public value co-creation and which outcomes and values are produced as a result? The research questions were answered by employing a qualitative research approach conducting semi-structured interviews with employees and participants of three living labs in Germany and Austria. The results show top-level support and lab leadership as the most important context factors. Living labs produce tangible and intangible outcomes. The tangible outcomes are the products developed within the lab, and the intangible outcomes are created by the interaction between the lab’s participants. The main contributions are twofold: first, context factors are identified that lead to the success of co-creation processes within living labs. Second, the study contributes to the literature on public value because it is shown that participation in living labs itself leads to added value in addition to the tangible and intangible outcomes.

Modeling of Open Government Data for Public Sector Organizations Using the Potential Theories and Determinants—A Systematic Review

Open government data (OGD) has huge potential to increase transparency, accountability, and participation while improving efficiency in operations, data-driven and evidence-based policymaking, and trust in government institutions. Despite its potential benefits, OGD has not been widely and successfully adopted in public sector organizations, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the theories/frameworks and potential determinants that influence the OGD adoption in public sector organizations. To ascertain the various determinants of OGD adoption in public sector organizations, this study involved a systematic review of already established theories and determinants addressed in the public sector open data domain. The review revealed that the TOE (technology, organization, environment) framework was dominantly employed over theories in the earlier studies to understand organizational adoption to OGD followed by institutional theory. The results, concerning potential determinants, revealed that some of the most frequently addressed determinants are an organization’s digitization/digitalization capacity, compliance pressure, financial resources, legislation, policy, regulations, organizational culture, political leadership commitment, top-management support, and data quality. The findings will enrich researchers to empirically investigate the exposed determinants and improve the understanding of decision-makers to leverage OGD adoption by taking relevant measures.

Determinants of Open Innovation and their Interrelations

Based on an extensive literature review, this paper identifies nine erosion factors that lead to the birth of open innovation and discovers their interrelations by using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM). As a result, digital technologies and globalization emerged as major drivers. More interestingly, erosion factors proposed by leading open innovation scholars emerged as weak drivers, meaning that open innovation is driven by other factors. We argue that a better understanding of these factors and their interrelations provide valuable insights for managers and policy makers in emerging markets on facilitating the adoption of open innovation and promoting a more open business environment.