Echinococcus granulosus: A novel parenchymal sparing surgical treatment

Optimization of surgical tactics in hepatic echinococcosis

Aim. Optimization of the surgical tactics in hepatic echinococcosis.

Material and methods. From 2009 to 2021, 56 patients with hepatic echinococcosis have been operated: 6 patients underwent PAIR, 7 – open echinococcectomy, 18 – pericystectomy (“ideal echinococcectomy”) and 16 – anatomical hepatectomy (S2/3, S6/7 bisegmentectomy) or atypical resection. In 7 cases hemigepatectomy has been performed, in 2 – combined interventions have been performed for echinococcosis relapse of the abdominal cavity.

Results. The duration of minor hepatic resection was shorter than pericystectomy and major hepatic resection. The smallest blood loss was noted in patients who underwent open echinococcectomy, anatomical and atypical hepatectomy. No complications after PAIR were noticed. The lowest incidence of postoperative complications, including biliary complications, was found after hepatic resection interventions. The lenths of hospital stay after hepatic resections was significantly shorter compared to ecinococcectomy and pericystectomy. The reccurence of hepatic echinococcosis relapse was detected in 4 (66.7%) patients after PAIR and 2 (28.6%) patients after ecinococcectomy.

Conclusion. Organ-preserving techniques should be a priority in the surgical treatment of hepatic echinococcosis. The best results in terms of the early postoperative complications frequency in the hepatic echinococcosis treatment were demonstrated by minor hepatic resections. Open echinococcectomy should be performed only for central location of large cysts and (or) their massive contact with the liver vessels. Minimally invasive resection technologies demonstrate optimal short- and long-term results. Major hepatectomy should be performed very selectively and only in those cases when they have advantages over other methods, and their implementation does not lead to a loss of more than 20% of healthy hepatic parenchyma. The best long-term results showed pericystectomy and hepatectomy in comparison with echinococcectomy.