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Liao M, Wang C, Zhang M, Qiao K. Insight on immune cells in rejection and infection postlung transplant. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e868. [PMID: 37506156 PMCID: PMC10336664 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to provide a concise overview of the role of immune cells in rejection and infection after lung transplantation. METHODS Based on previous clinical and basic studies, the role of various types of immune cells in the development of rejection and infection after lung transplantation is summarized. RESULTS Immune cell functional status is strongly associated with common complications after lung transplantation, such as primary graft dysfunction, infection and occlusive bronchitis syndrome. Targeted balancing of immune cell tolerance and rejection is an important tool for successful lung transplantation. CONCLUSION A comprehensive understanding of immune cell function and the mechanisms that balance immune tolerance and immune rejection may be a crucial factor in improving survival after lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Liao
- Guangdong Key Lab for Diagnosis & Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoxi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- Guangdong Key Lab for Diagnosis & Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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2
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Abstract
In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in understanding the characteristics of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) in the context of solid organ transplantation (SOT). We first introduce the traditionally understood noncirculating features of TRMs and the key phenotypic markers that define this population, then provide a detailed discussion of emerging concepts on the recirculation and plasticity of TRM in mice and humans. We comment on the potential heterogeneity of transient, temporary resident, and permanent resident T cells and potential interchangeable phenotypes between TRM and effector T cells in nonlymphoid tissues. We review the literature on the distribution of TRM in human nonlymphoid organs and association of clinical outcomes in different types of SOT, including intestine, lung, liver, kidney, and heart. We focus on both tissue-specific and organ-shared features of donor- and recipient-derived TRMs after transplantation whenever applicable. Studies with comprehensive sample collection, including longitudinal and cross-sectional controls, and applied advanced techniques such as multicolor flow cytometry to distinguish donor and recipient TRMs, bulk, and single-cell T-cell receptor sequencing to track clonotypes and define transcriptome profiles, and functional readouts to define alloreactivity and proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory activities are emphasized. We also discuss important findings on the tissue-resident features of regulatory αβ T cells and unconventional γδ T cells after transplantation. Understanding of TRM in SOT is a rapidly growing field that urges future studies to address unresolved questions regarding their heterogeneity, plasticity, longevity, alloreactivity, and roles in rejection and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Fu
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Megan Sykes
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Columbia University, New York, United States
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3
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Lee ACH, Edobor A, Wigakumar T, Lysandrou M, Johnston LK, McMullen P, Mirle V, Diaz A, Piech R, Rose R, Jendrisak M, di Sabato D, Shanmugarajah K, Fung J, Donington J, Madariaga ML. Donor leukocyte trafficking during human ex vivo lung perfusion. Clin Transplant 2022; 36:e14670. [PMID: 35396887 PMCID: PMC9540615 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is used to assess and preserve lungs prior to transplantation. However, its inherent immunomodulatory effects are not completely understood. We examine perfusate and tissue compartments to determine the change in immune cell composition in human lungs maintained on EVLP. Methods Six human lungs unsuitable for transplantation underwent EVLP. Tissue and perfusate samples were obtained during cold storage and at 1‐, 3‐ and 6‐h during perfusion. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and bead‐based immunoassays were used to measure leukocyte composition and cytokines. Mean values between baseline and time points were compared by Student's t test. Results During the 1st hour of perfusion, perfusate neutrophils increased (+22.2 ± 13.5%, p < 0.05), monocytes decreased (−77.5 ± 8.6%, p < 0.01) and NK cells decreased (−61.5 ± 22.6%, p < 0.01) compared to cold storage. In contrast, tissue neutrophils decreased (−22.1 ± 12.2%, p < 0.05) with no change in monocytes and NK cells. By 6 h, perfusate neutrophils, NK cells, and tissue neutrophils were similar to baseline. Perfusate monocytes remained decreased, while tissue monocytes remained unchanged. There was no significant change in B cells or T cell subsets. Pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐1b, G‐CSF, IFN‐gamma, CXCL2, CXCL1 granzyme A, and granzyme B) and lymphocyte activating cytokines (IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8) increased during perfusion. Conclusions Early mobilization of innate immune cells occurs in both perfusate and tissue compartments during EVLP, with neutrophils and NK cells returning to baseline and monocytes remaining depleted after 6 h. The immunomodulatory effect of EVLP may provide a therapeutic window to decrease the immunogenicity of lungs prior to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Edobor
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Maria Lysandrou
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Laura K Johnston
- Office of Shared Research Facilities, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Phillip McMullen
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vikranth Mirle
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashley Diaz
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryan Piech
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rebecca Rose
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Diego di Sabato
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - John Fung
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jessica Donington
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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4
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Lamb CA, Kirby JA. Donor intravascular monocyte trafficking: a potential therapeutic target for primary graft dysfunction following lung transplantation? Thorax 2018; 73:303-304. [PMID: 29386299 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Andrew Lamb
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Andrew Kirby
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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5
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Transplantation and Transfusion. CHIMERISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89866-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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6
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Targeting Circulating Leukocytes and Pyroptosis During Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Improves Lung Preservation. Transplantation 2017; 101:2841-2849. [PMID: 28452921 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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7
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Tatham KC, O'Dea KP, Romano R, Donaldson HE, Wakabayashi K, Patel BV, Thakuria L, Simon AR, Sarathchandra P, Marczin N, Takata M. Intravascular donor monocytes play a central role in lung transplant ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Thorax 2017; 73:350-360. [PMID: 28389600 PMCID: PMC5870457 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-208977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Rationale Primary graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients derives from the initial, largely leukocyte-dependent, ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Intravascular lung-marginated monocytes have been shown to play key roles in experimental acute lung injury, but their contribution to lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury post transplantation is unknown. Objective To define the role of donor intravascular monocytes in lung transplant-related acute lung injury and primary graft dysfunction. Methods Isolated perfused C57BL/6 murine lungs were subjected to warm ischaemia (2 hours) and reperfusion (2 hours) under normoxic conditions. Monocyte retention, activation phenotype and the effects of their depletion by intravenous clodronate-liposome treatment on lung inflammation and injury were determined. In human donor lung transplant samples, the presence and activation phenotype of monocytic cells (low side scatter, 27E10+, CD14+, HLA-DR+, CCR2+) were evaluated by flow cytometry and compared with post-implantation lung function. Results In mouse lungs following ischaemia-reperfusion, substantial numbers of lung-marginated monocytes remained within the pulmonary microvasculature, with reduced L-selectin and increased CD86 expression indicating their activation. Monocyte depletion resulted in reductions in lung wet:dry ratios, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein, and perfusate levels of RAGE, MIP-2 and KC, while monocyte repletion resulted in a partial restoration of the injury. In human lungs, correlations were observed between pre-implantation donor monocyte numbers/their CD86 and TREM-1 expression and post-implantation lung dysfunction at 48 and 72 hours. Conclusions These results indicate that lung-marginated intravascular monocytes are retained as a ‘passenger’ leukocyte population during lung transplantation, and play a key role in the development of transplant-associated ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Colette Tatham
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kieran Patrick O'Dea
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rosalba Romano
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.,Departments of Anaesthesia and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, UK
| | - Hannah Elizabeth Donaldson
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Kenji Wakabayashi
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Brijesh Vipin Patel
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Louit Thakuria
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, UK
| | - Andre Rudiger Simon
- Departments of Anaesthesia and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, UK
| | - Padmini Sarathchandra
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, Heart Science Centre, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, Middlesex, UK
| | | | - Nandor Marczin
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.,Departments of Anaesthesia and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Harefield Hospital, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield, Middlesex, UK
| | - Masao Takata
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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8
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Recipient-matching of Passenger Leukocytes Prolongs Survival of Donor Lung Allografts in Miniature Swine. Transplantation 2016; 99:1372-8. [PMID: 25757217 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allograft rejection continues to be a vexing problem in clinical lung transplantation, and the role played by passenger leukocytes in the rejection or acceptance of an organ is unclear. We tested whether recipient-matching of donor graft passenger leukocytes would impact graft survival in a preclinical model of orthotopic left lung transplantation. METHODS In the experimental group (group 1), donor lungs were obtained from chimeric swine, in which the passenger leukocytes (but not the parenchyma) were major histocompatibility complex-matched to the recipients (n = 3). In the control group (group 2), both the donor parenchyma and the passenger leukocytes were major histocompatibility complex-mismatched to the recipients (n = 3). RESULTS Lungs harvested from swine previously rendered chimeric by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using recipient-type cells showed a high degree of passenger leukocyte chimerism by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The chimeric lungs containing passenger leukocytes matched to the lung recipient (group 1) survived on average 107 days (range, 80-156). Control lung allografts (group 2) survived on average 45 days (range, 29-64; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that recipient-matching of passenger leukocytes significantly prolongs lung allograft survival.
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9
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Abstract
Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) has a high prevalence among patients that have undergone heart transplantation. Cardiac allograft vasculopathy is a multifactorial process in which the immune system is the driving force. In this review, the data on the immunological and fibrotic processes that are involved in the development of CAV are summarized. Areas where a lack of knowledge exists and possible additional research can be completed are pinpointed. During the pathogenesis of CAV, cells from the innate and the adaptive immune system cooperate to reject the foreign heart. This inflammatory response results in dysfunction of the endothelium and migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Apoptosis and factors secreted by both the endothelium as well as the SMCs lead to fibrosis. The migration of SMCs together with fibrosis provoke concentric intimal thickening of the coronary arteries, which is the main characteristic of CAV.
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10
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Budding K, van de Graaf EA, Paantjens AW, Kardol-Hoefnagel T, Kwakkel-van Erp JM, van Kessel DA, Otten HG. Profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells does not accurately predict the bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2015; 32:195-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Stone JP, Sevenoaks H, Sjöberg T, Steen S, Yonan N, Fildes JE. Mechanical removal of dendritic cell-generating non-classical monocytes via ex vivo lung perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014; 33:864-9. [PMID: 25063532 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) is a novel procedure designed to rapidly assess and recondition unusable donor lungs for transplantation (LTx). EVLP may reduce graft immunogenicity and allorecognition via removal of passenger leukocytes. We aimed to explore this hypothesis using human EVLP and in vitro analysis. METHODS Explanted human lungs (n = 7) underwent standard EVLP. Perfusate samples and the leukocyte filter were collected, and cells characterized via flow cytometry. Isolated alveolar monocytes (from post-LTx bronchoalveolar lavage) were differentiated to dendritic cells and characterized (n = 10). An in vitro (air epithelial-liquid endothelial) lung model was utilized to evaluate monocyte migration and differentiation within the lung. RESULTS Non-classical monocytes (NCM, normally <1% of total white blood cell repertoire) mobilized within 30 minutes of EVLP and represented 80.04% of the passenger leukocyte population. This subset readily differentiated to dendritic cells and secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin-2) after stimulation. NCM rapidly diapedesed from the vascular bed to the alveolus and, when cultured on the alveolus, differentiated to dendritic cells with inflammatory phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS The lung possesses a reservoir of NCM, which can readily diapedese to the alveolus or mobilize in the circulation. After activation, NCM differentiate to inflammatory dendritic cells with T-cell co-stimulatory capacity. EVLP may impart additional benefits after LTx via the removal of passenger monocytes, which may represent a previously unidentified beneficial mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Stone
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Core Technology Facility, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Trygve Sjöberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stig Steen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Nizar Yonan
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Core Technology Facility, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James E Fildes
- Transplant Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester; Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Core Technology Facility, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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12
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Turner DL, Gordon CL, Farber DL. Tissue-resident T cells,in situimmunity and transplantation. Immunol Rev 2014; 258:150-66. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian L. Turner
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
| | - Claire L. Gordon
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Medicine; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Donna L. Farber
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Surgery; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
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13
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Rowntree LC, Bayliss J, Nguyen THO, Kotsimbos TC, Mifsud NA. Human leucocyte antigen-defined microchimerism early post-transplant does not predict for stable lung allograft function. Clin Exp Immunol 2013; 172:483-9. [PMID: 23600837 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microchimerism is the presence of foreign cells in an individual below 1% of total cells, which can occur in the setting of solid organ transplantation. This study quantitated donor-derived cellular subsets longitudinally in human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched lung transplant recipients (LTR) during the first post-operative year and evaluated the pattern of peripheral microchimerism with clinical outcomes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from non-HLA-B44 LTR who received HLA-B44 allografts were sorted flow cytometrically into three cellular subsets. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) demonstrated that donor-derived HLA-B44 microchimerism is a common phenomenon, observed in 61% of patients. The level of donor-derived cells varied across time and between LTR with frequencies of 38% in the B cells/monocytes subset, 56% in the T/NK cells subset and 11% in the dendritic cells (DC) subset. Observations highlighted that microchimerism was not necessarily associated with favourable clinical outcomes in the first year post-lung transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Rowntree
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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Rogers NM, Isenberg JS, Thomson AW. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: no longer an enigma and now key to transplant tolerance? Am J Transplant 2013; 13:1125-33. [PMID: 23617754 PMCID: PMC3977341 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid (p) dendritic cells (DC) are a specialized subset of DC whose primary role was initially defined by the production of type I interferons in response to viral infection. They are now known to also possess a repertoire of functions capable of determining T cell fate and activation. Under homeostatic conditions, non-lymphoid tissue-resident pDC play a critical role in the regulation of mucosal immunity, as well as the development of central and peripheral tolerance. Although these cells display a number of characteristics that differ from conventional DC, particularly altered costimulatory molecule expression and poor allostimulatory capacity when interacting with T cells, this phenotype favors the generation of alloantigen-specific regulatory CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells critical to the development of graft tolerance. In this minireview, we discuss pDC ontogeny, functional biology and the emerging data that demonstrate the importance of pDC in the induction of tolerance, as well as recent studies that define mechanisms underlying pDC-mediated tolerance to both solid organ and haematopoietic stem cell transplants. We also highlight their use in clinical settings and the potential of pDC both as targets and cellular therapeutic agents to improve the outcome of organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- NM Rogers
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - JS Isenberg
- Vascular Medicine Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - AW Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213,Corresponding author: Angus W. Thomson Ph.D., D.Sc., W1544 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, Phone: (412) 624-6392,
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15
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Benson HL, Suzuki H, Lott J, Fisher AJ, Walline C, Heidler KM, Brutkiewicz R, Blum JS, Wilkes DS. Donor lung derived myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells differentially regulate T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Respir Res 2012; 13:25. [PMID: 22433165 PMCID: PMC3352265 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-13-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Direct allorecognition, i.e., donor lung-derived dendritic cells (DCs) stimulating recipient-derived T lymphocytes, is believed to be the key mechanism of lung allograft rejection. Myeloid (cDCs) and plasmacytoid (pDCs) are believed to have differential effects on T cell activation. However, the roles of each DC type on T cell activation and rejection pathology post lung transplantation are unknown. Methods Using transgenic mice and antibody depletion techniques, either or both cell types were depleted in lungs of donor BALB/c mice (H-2d) prior to transplanting into C57BL/6 mice (H-2b), followed by an assessment of rejection pathology, and pDC or cDC-induced proliferation and cytokine production in C57BL/6-derived mediastinal lymph node T cells (CD3+). Results Depleting either DC type had modest effect on rejection pathology and T cell proliferation. In contrast, T cells from mice that received grafts depleted of both DCs did not proliferate and this was associated with significantly reduced acute rejection scores compared to all other groups. cDCs were potent inducers of IFNγ, whereas both cDCs and pDCs induced IL-10. Both cell types had variable effects on IL-17A production. Conclusion Collectively, the data show that direct allorecognition by donor lung pDCs and cDCs have differential effects on T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Depletion of both donor lung cDC and pDC could prevent the severity of acute rejection episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Benson
- Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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