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Plavec TV, Ključevšek T, Berlec A. Introduction of Modified BglBrick System in Lactococcus lactis for Straightforward Assembly of Multiple Gene Cassettes. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:797521. [PMID: 34957084 PMCID: PMC8703077 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.797521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic modification of lactic acid bacteria is an evolving and highly relevant field of research that allows the engineered bacteria to be equipped with the desired functions through the controlled expression of the recombinant protein. Novel genetic engineering techniques offer the advantage of being faster, easier and more efficient in incorporating modifications to the original bacterial strain. Here, we have developed a modified BglBrick system, originally introduced in Escherichia coli and optimized it for the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis. Six different expression cassettes, encoding model proteins, were assembled in different order as parts of a modified BglBrick system in a novel plasmid pNBBX. All cassettes included nisin promoter, protein encoding gene and transcription terminator. We demonstrated successful intracellular expression of the two fluorescent proteins and display of the four protein binders on the bacterial surface. These were expressed either alone or concomitantly, in combinations of three model proteins. Thus, a modified BglBrick system developed herein enables simple and modular construction of multigene plasmids and controlled simultaneous expression of three proteins in L. lactis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Vida Plavec
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tim Ključevšek
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Berlec
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Selection and Characterization of Single-Domain Antibodies for Detection of Lassa Nucleoprotein. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:antib9040071. [PMID: 33348599 PMCID: PMC7768477 DOI: 10.3390/antib9040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lassa virus is the etiologic agent of Lassa fever, an acute and often fatal illness endemic to West Africa. It is important to develop new reagents applicable either for the specific diagnosis or as improved therapeutics for the treatment of Lassa fever. Here, we describe the development and initial testing of llama-derived single-domain antibodies that are specific for the Lassa virus nucleoprotein. Four sequence families based on complementarity-determining region (CDR) homology were identified by phage-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, however, the highest affinity clones all belonged to the same sequence family which possess a second disulfide bond between Framework 2 and CDR3. The affinity and thermal stability were evaluated for each clone. A MagPlex-based homogeneous sandwich immunoassay for Lassa virus-like particles was also demonstrated to show their potential for further development as diagnostic reagents.
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Liu JL, Zabetakis D, Breger JC, Anderson GP, Goldman ER. Multi-Enzyme Assembly on T4 Phage Scaffold. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:571. [PMID: 32671028 PMCID: PMC7327620 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, various scaffolds have been designed and synthesized to organize enzyme cascades spatially for enhanced enzyme activity based on the concepts of substrate channeling and enhanced stability. The most bio-compatible synthetic scaffolds known for enzyme immobilization are protein and DNA nanostructures. Herein, we examined the utility of the T4 phage capsid to serve as a naturally occurring protein scaffold for the immobilization of a three-enzyme cascade: Amylase, Maltase, and Glucokinase. Covalent constructs between each of the enzymes and the outer capsid protein Hoc were prepared through SpyTag-SpyCatcher pairing and assembled onto phage capsids in vitro with an estimated average of 90 copies per capsid. The capsid-immobilized Maltase has a fourfold higher initial rate relative to Maltase free in solution. Kinetic analysis also revealed that the immobilized three-enzyme cascade has an 18-fold higher converted number of NAD+ to NADH relative to the mixtures in solution. Our results demonstrate that the T4 phage capsid can act as a naturally occurring scaffold with substantial potential to enhance enzyme activity by spatially organizing enzymes on the capsid Hoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinny L Liu
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Daniel Zabetakis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - George P Anderson
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ellen R Goldman
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
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Anderson GP, Liu JL, Shriver-Lake LC, Zabetakis D, Sugiharto VA, Chen HW, Lee CR, Defang GN, Wu SJL, Venkateswaran N, Goldman ER. Oriented Immobilization of Single-Domain Antibodies Using SpyTag/SpyCatcher Yields Improved Limits of Detection. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9424-9429. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- George P. Anderson
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jinny L. Liu
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Lisa C. Shriver-Lake
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Dan Zabetakis
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Victor A. Sugiharto
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Hua-Wei Chen
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Cheng-Rei Lee
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Gabriel N. Defang
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Shuenn-Jue L. Wu
- Viral and Rickettsial Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Center, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Neeraja Venkateswaran
- Tetracore, Inc., 9901 Belward Campus Drive, Suite 300, Rockville, Maryland 20850, United States
| | - Ellen R. Goldman
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
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Anderson G, Shriver-Lake LC, Liu JL, Goldman ER. Orthogonal Synthetic Zippers as Protein Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4810-4815. [PMID: 30023904 PMCID: PMC6045340 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein scaffolds have proven useful for co-localization of enzymes, providing control over stoichiometry and leading to higher local enzyme concentrations, which have led to improved product formation. To broaden their usefulness, it is necessary to have a wide choice of building blocks to mix and match for scaffold generation. Ideally, the scaffold building blocks should function at any location within the scaffold and have high affinity interactions with their binding partners. We examined the utility of orthogonal synthetic coiled coils (zippers) as scaffold components. The orthogonal zippers are coiled coil domains that form heterodimers only with their specific partner and not with other zipper domains. Focusing on two orthogonal zipper pairs, we demonstrated that they are able to function on either end or in the middle of a multiblock assembly. Surface plasmon resonance was employed to assess the binding kinetics of zipper pairs placed at the start, middle, or end of a construct. Size-exclusion chromatography was used to demonstrate the ability of a scaffold with two zipper domains to bind their partners simultaneously. We then expanded the study to examine the binding kinetics and cross-reactivities of three additional zipper pairs. By validating the affinities and specificities of synthetic zipper pairs, we demonstrated the potential for zipper domains to provide an expanded library of scaffolding parts for tethering enzymes in complex pathways for synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- George
P. Anderson
- Center for BioMolecular Science
and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Lisa C. Shriver-Lake
- Center for BioMolecular Science
and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Jinny L. Liu
- Center for BioMolecular Science
and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Ellen R. Goldman
- Center for BioMolecular Science
and Engineering, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
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