1
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Liu B, Li L, Wang X. Petunidin suppresses Hashimoto's thyroiditis by regulating Th1/Th17 homeostasis and oxidative stress. Cell Immunol 2024; 403-404:104858. [PMID: 39053379 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a prevalent autoimmune thyroid disease, necessitating further research to identify effective treatment strategies. Two key pathophysiological factors of HT are inflammation and oxidative stress. Petunidin (PET) is an anthocyanin with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of PET on HT. C57BL/6N mice were injected with thyroglobulin emulsified with adjuvant to establish the HT animal model. Our results showed that PET administration decreased the concentrations of TPOAb, TgAb, T3, T4, IgG, IgA and IgM in HT mice, accompanied by significant alterations in follicle shape and increased lymphocyte infiltrations. Additionally, the apoptosis rate, ROS level, MDA content, CD4+ level, IFN-γ and IL-17A levels, as well as the concentrations of IFN-γ and IL-17, were elevated in HT mice and reduced by PET treatment. Furthermore, HT patients exhibited higher levels of NOX4 and PKM2, which were positively correlated with TPOAb, IFN-γ, and IL-17 concentrations. In HT mice, PET therapy decreased the expression of PKM2 and NOX4 proteins. In summary, PET can improve thyroid dysfunction by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress and Th1/Th17 differentiation through regulation of the NOX4/PKM2 axis in HT mice, suggesting its promising potential for HT intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui City, Xinxiang City, Henan Province 453100, China
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2
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Wang Y, Li C, Li Z, Moalin M, den Hartog GJM, Zhang M. Computational Chemistry Strategies to Investigate the Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids-An Overview. Molecules 2024; 29:2627. [PMID: 38893503 PMCID: PMC11173571 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite several decades of research, the beneficial effect of flavonoids on health is still enigmatic. Here, we focus on the antioxidant effect of flavonoids, which is elementary to their biological activity. A relatively new strategy for obtaining a more accurate understanding of this effect is to leverage computational chemistry. This review systematically presents various computational chemistry indicators employed over the past five years to investigate the antioxidant activity of flavonoids. We categorize these strategies into five aspects: electronic structure analysis, thermodynamic analysis, kinetic analysis, interaction analysis, and bioavailability analysis. The principles, characteristics, and limitations of these methods are discussed, along with current trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Personalized Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (G.J.M.d.H.)
| | - Chujie Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Personalized Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (G.J.M.d.H.)
| | - Zhengwen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610106, China;
| | - Mohamed Moalin
- Research Centre Material Sciences, Zuyd University of Applied Science, 6400 AN Heerlen, The Netherlands;
| | - Gertjan J. M. den Hartog
- Department of Pharmacology and Personalized Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (Y.W.); (C.L.); (G.J.M.d.H.)
| | - Ming Zhang
- Hainan University-HSF/LWL Collaborative Innovation Laboratory, College of Food Sciences & Engineering, Hainan University, 58 People Road, Haikou 570228, China
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3
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Liga S, Paul C, Péter F. Flavonoids: Overview of Biosynthesis, Biological Activity, and Current Extraction Techniques. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2732. [PMID: 37514347 PMCID: PMC10384615 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Recently, increased attention has been paid to natural sources as raw materials for the development of new added-value products. Flavonoids are a large family of polyphenols which include several classes based on their basic structure: flavanones, flavones, isoflavones, flavonols, flavanols, and anthocyanins. They have a multitude of biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antimicrobial, anticancer, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Current trends of research and development on flavonoids relate to identification, extraction, isolation, physico-chemical characterization, and their applications to health benefits. This review presents an up-to-date survey of the most recent developments in the natural flavonoid classes, the biological activity of representative flavonoids, current extraction techniques, and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Liga
- Biocatalysis Group, Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timisoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Paul
- Biocatalysis Group, Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timisoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Francisc Péter
- Biocatalysis Group, Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timisoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Renewable Energies, Politehnica University Timisoara, Gavril Muzicescu 138, 300501 Timisoara, Romania
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4
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XU H, SHI Y, GAO L, SHI N, YANG J, HAO R. Preparation and characterization of PH-responsive polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/anthocyanin films. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.98022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ying SHI
- North University of China, China
| | - Li GAO
- North University of China, China
| | - Nan SHI
- North University of China, China
| | | | - Rui HAO
- North University of China, China
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5
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Cardona‐Galeano W, Yepes AF, Quintero‐Saumeth J, Robledo SM, Alzate F, Rojano B. A Biologically Active Chromone from
Bomarea setacea
(
alstroemeriaceae
): Leishmanicidal, Antioxidant and Multilevel Computational Studies. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Cardona‐Galeano
- Chemistry of Colombian Plants, Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences University of Antioquia-UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 A.A 1226 Medellín Colombia
| | - Andres F. Yepes
- Chemistry of Colombian Plants, Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences University of Antioquia-UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 A.A 1226 Medellín Colombia
| | - Jorge Quintero‐Saumeth
- Chemistry of Colombian Plants, Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences University of Antioquia-UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 A.A 1226 Medellín Colombia
| | - Sara M. Robledo
- PECET-Medical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia-UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 A.A 1226 Medellín Colombia
| | - Fernando Alzate
- Group of Botanical Studies Institute of Biology Natural and Exact Sciencies Faculty University of Antioquia-UdeA Calle 70 No. 52-21 A.A 1226 Medellín Colombia
| | - Benjamín Rojano
- School of Chemistry Faculty of Science National University of Colombia, Sede Medellín Calle 59 A Número 63-20 A.A 0534 Medellín Colombia
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Thbayh DK, Reizer E, Kahaly MU, Viskolcz B, Fiser B. Antioxidant Potential of Santowhite as Synthetic and Ascorbic Acid as Natural Polymer Additives. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173518. [PMID: 36080595 PMCID: PMC9460313 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of additives are used to improve specific characteristics of the final polymeric product. Antioxidant additives (AAs) can prevent oxidative stress and thus the damage of polymeric materials. In this work, the antioxidant potential and thus the applicability of Santowhite (SW) as synthetic and ascorbic acid (Asc) as natural AAs were explored by using computational tools. Two density functional theory (DFT) methods, M05-2X and M06-2X, have been applied in combination with the 6-311++G(2d,2p) basis set in gas phase. Three antioxidant mechanisms have been considered: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer-proton transfer (SET-PT), and sequential proton loss electron transfer (SPLET). Bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE), ionization potential (IP), proton dissociation enthalpy (PDE), proton affinity (PA), and electron transfer enthalpy (ETE) have been computed for each potential hydrogen donor site. The results indicate that the antioxidant potential of Asc is higher than SW. Furthermore, some of the C-H bonds, depending on their position in the structures, are potent radical scavengers, but O-H groups are more prone to donate H-atoms to free radicals. Nonetheless, both additives can be potentially applied to safeguard common polymers and prohibit oxidative stress-induced material deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal K. Thbayh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Polymer Research Center, University of Basrah, 61004 Basrah, Iraq
- Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Edina Reizer
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Mousumi U. Kahaly
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3, 6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Physics, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 9, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Viskolcz
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Béla Fiser
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Higher Education and Industrial Cooperation Centre, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, Hungary
- Ferenc Rakoczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian College of Higher Education, 90200 Beregszász, Ukraine
- Correspondence:
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7
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Gómez-Garduño J, León-Rodríguez R, Alemón-Medina R, Pérez-Guillé BE, Soriano-Rosales RE, González-Ortiz A, Chávez-Pacheco JL, Solorio-López E, Fernandez-Pérez P, Rivera-Espinosa L. Phytochemicals That Interfere With Drug Metabolism and Transport, Modifying Plasma Concentration in Humans and Animals. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221120485. [PMID: 36158743 PMCID: PMC9500303 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221120485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals (Pch) present in fruits, vegetables and other foods, are known to inhibit or induce drug metabolism and transport. An exhaustive search was performed in five databases covering from 2000 to 2021. Twenty-one compounds from plants were found to modulate CYP3A and/or P-gp activities and modified the pharmacokinetics and the therapeutic effect of 27 different drugs. Flavonols, flavanones, flavones, stilbenes, diferuloylmethanes, tannins, protoalkaloids, flavans, hyperforin and terpenes, reduce plasma concentration of cyclosporine, simvastatin, celiprolol, midazolam, saquinavir, buspirone, everolimus, nadolol, tamoxifen, alprazolam, verapamil, quazepam, digoxin, fexofenadine, theophylline, indinavir, clopidogrel. Anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavonoid glycosides, stilbenes, diferuloylmethanes, catechin, hyperforin, alkaloids, terpenes, tannins and protoalkaloids increase of plasma concentration of buspirone, losartan, diltiazem, felodipine, midazolam, cyclosporine, triazolam, verapamil, carbamazepine, diltiazem, aripiprazole, tamoxifen, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, nicardipine. Interactions between Pchs and drugs affect the gene expression and enzymatic activity of CYP3A and P-gp transporter, which has an impact on their bioavailability; such that co-administration of drugs with food, beverages and food supplements can cause a subtherapeutic effect or overdose. Therefore, it is important for the clinician to consider these interactions to obtain a better therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renato León-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Contención Biológica BSL-3, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
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8
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Computational study of synthetic and natural polymer additives – Antioxidant potential of BHA, TBHQ, BHT, and curcumin. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.109979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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9
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The anthocyanin's role on the food metabolic pathways, color and drying processes: An experimental and theoretical approach. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Aabideen ZU, Mumtaz MW, Akhtar MT, Raza MA, Mukhtar H, Irfan A, Raza SA, Touqeer T, Nadeem M, Saari N. Cassia fistula Leaves; UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS Based Metabolite Profiling and Molecular Docking Insights to Explore Bioactives Role Towards Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10071334. [PMID: 34210016 PMCID: PMC8309037 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present work was aimed at investigating hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Cassia fistula for their antioxidant and pancreatic lipase (PL) enzyme inhibitory properties. The most active extract was selected to profile the phytoconstituents by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS technique. Among the tested extracts, the 80% hydroethanolic extract exhibited the maximum levels of total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) with a contribution of 201.3 ± 2.6 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract (GAE/g extract), and 116.3 ± 2.4 mg of rutin equivalent per gram of extract (RE/g extract), respectively. The same extract also showed promising 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and PL inhibitory activity with an IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 30.5 ± 2.8 µg/mL and 17.31 ± 1.18 μg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical profiling of 80% hydroethanolic extract confirmed the presence of 23 metabolites of immense medicinal significance. Docking studies were conducted to investigate the potential interactions of compounds identified in the study. The docking study-based binding energy data and the interaction scheme both revealed the possible role of the identified compounds towards PL inhibitor. Moreover, energies of frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), ionization potentials (IP), electron affinities (EA) and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) were also explored. The findings of the current work suggest that C. fistula is a promising natural source of antioxidant and antiobesity agents, which may be exploited to add pharmacological functionalities to food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zain Ul Aabideen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (Z.U.A.); (M.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (Z.U.A.); (M.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.T.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (Z.U.A.); (M.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ali Raza
- Department of Chemistry, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Tooba Touqeer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (Z.U.A.); (M.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (Z.U.A.); (M.W.M.); (M.A.R.); (T.T.); (M.N.)
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (M.T.A.); (N.S.)
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11
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Using untargeted metabolomics to profile the changes in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) anthocyanins during wine fermentation. Food Chem 2021; 364:130425. [PMID: 34242878 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an UHPLC-QE-MS approach in combination with multivariate statistical analyses was used to investigate the metabolic profiles, especially the anthocyanin profiles, during the fermentation of roselle wine. Overall, a large number of different metabolites (e.g., phenols, lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids and peptides, and others) were identified in the fermentation processes. Eight anthocyanin metabolites were identified in roselle wine for the first time, of which six were identified in the main fermentation process and two in the post-fermentation process. In addition, we identified several metabolic pathways during the fermentation process, and the metabolic pathways of anthocyanins in roselle wine are mainly related to flavonoid biosynthesis and to anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings are expected to be useful for further studies on wine chemistry and yeast metabolism.
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12
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Laka K, Mapheto K, Mbita Z. Selective in vitro cytotoxicity effect of Drimia calcarata bulb extracts against p53 mutant HT-29 and p53 wild-type Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells through STAT5B regulation. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1265-1279. [PMID: 34195018 PMCID: PMC8233163 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of oncological-related deaths and the third most diagnosed malignancy, worldwide. The emergence of chemoresistance is a fundamental drawback of colorectal cancer therapies and there is an urgent need for novel plant-derived therapeutics. In this regard, other compounds are needed to improve the efficacy of treatment against colorectal cancer. Medicinal plants have been effectively used by traditional doctors for decades to treat various ailments with little to no side effects. Drimia calcarata (D. calcarata) is one of the plants used by Pedi people in South Africa to treat a plethora of ailments. However, the anticancer therapeutic use of D. calcarata is less understood. Thus, this study was aimed at evaluating the potential anticancer activities of D. calcarata extracts against human colorectal cancer cells. The phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity were analysed using LC-MS, DPPH, and FRAP. The inhibitory effects and IC50 values of D. calcarata extracts were determined using the MTT assay. Induction of cellular apoptosis was assessed using fluorescence microscopy, the Muse® Cell Analyser, and gene expression analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Water extract (WE) demonstrated high phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid contents than the methanol extract (ME). LC-MS data demonstrated strong differences between the ME and WE. Moreover, WE showed the best antioxidant activity than ME. The MTT data showed that both ME and WE had no significant activity against human embryonic kidney Hek 293 cell line that served as non-cancer control cells. Caco-2 cells demonstrated high sensitivity to the ME and demonstrated resistance toward the WE, while HT-29 cells exhibited sensitivity to both D. calcarata extracts. The expression of apoptosis regulatory genes assessed by PCR revealed an upregulation of p53 by ME, accompanied by downregulation of Bcl-2 and high expression of Bax after treatment with curcumin. The Bax gene was undetected in HT-29 cells. The methanol extract induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in colorectal Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and WE induced the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in HT-29 cells. ME downregulated STAT1, 3, and 5B in HT-29 cells. The D. calcarata bulb extracts, therefore, contain potential anticancer agents that can be further targeted for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Laka
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - K.B.F. Mapheto
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Z. Mbita
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
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13
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Kumar CRS, Jha A, Deepthi S. DFT Studies of Distinct Anilines with p-Hydroxycinnamic Acids for Antioxidant Profile. Med Chem 2020; 17:60-70. [PMID: 32370721 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200506085152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life style and jobs in current situations have generated increased free radicals such as hydroxyl (OH•) and superoxide (O2•) radicals, thereby increasing stress in humans. Interest in search of antioxidants that trap these free radicals has increased to relieve stress. β-carotene (provitamin A), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), tocopherol or vitamin E, Trolox; butyl hydroxy toluene and phenolic compounds are the well-known antioxidants. Several methods evaluate the antioxidant property existing in natural substances (medicinal plants and agri-food products) and synthetic compounds (2-methyl-3- (pyrrolidin-2-ylideneamino) quinazolin-4 (3H) -one and 3,3'- (1,4- phenylenebis (methanylylidene)) bis (azanylylidene) (2-methyl-quinazolin-4 (3H) -one). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to focus on complexes with p-hydroxycinnamic acids to trap free radicals in a greener way. METHODS Spectroscopic shifts and structural studies were employed to attribute electronic properties responsible for antioxidant profile. Spectroscopic shifts in wavenumbers were attributed with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) and Fourier Transform Raman spectra (FT Raman Spectra). Structural studies were performed with Gaussian package, electron density method the B3LYP method, basis set 6-31(d) for attributing electronic properties responsible for antioxidant profile. RESULTS Interpretation of FTIR spectra revealed spectroscopic shifts in wavenumbers in all the complexes responsible for bonding. Further, studies confirmed the formation of complex with reduced intensities in Raman spectra. Computational studies revealed enhancement in molecular and electronic properties responsible for antioxidant power. CONCLUSION Studies revealed that complex with p-nitroaniline contribute to greater acceptor and donor power responsible for antioxidant power. These higher powers suggest the best antiradicals to trap free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Ravi S Kumar
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Anjali Jha
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Sri Deepthi
- Department of Physics, Lendi Institute of Engg & Technology, Visakhapatnam, India
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