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Murik O, Geffen O, Shotland Y, Fernandez-Pozo N, Ullrich KK, Walther D, Rensing SA, Treves H. Genomic imprints of unparalleled growth. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1144-1160. [PMID: 38072860 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Chlorella ohadii was isolated from desert biological soil crusts, one of the harshest habitats on Earth, and is emerging as an exciting new green model for studying growth, photosynthesis and metabolism under a wide range of conditions. Here, we compared the genome of C. ohadii, the fastest growing alga on record, to that of other green algae, to reveal the genomic imprints empowering its unparalleled growth rate and resistance to various stressors, including extreme illumination. This included the genome of its close relative, but slower growing and photodamage sensitive, C. sorokiniana UTEX 1663. A larger number of ribosome-encoding genes, high intron abundance, increased codon bias and unique genes potentially involved in metabolic flexibility and resistance to photodamage are all consistent with the faster growth of C. ohadii. Some of these characteristics highlight general trends in Chlorophyta and Chlorella spp. evolution, and others open new broad avenues for mechanistic exploration of their relationship with growth. This work entails a unique case study for the genomic adaptations and costs of exceptionally fast growth and sheds light on the genomic signatures of fast growth in photosynthetic cells. It also provides an important resource for future studies leveraging the unique properties of C. ohadii for photosynthesis and stress response research alongside their utilization for synthetic biology and biotechnology aims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Murik
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Jerusalem, Israel
- Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, 93722, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Or Geffen
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 39040, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoram Shotland
- Chemical Engineering, Shamoon College of Engineering, 84100, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Noe Fernandez-Pozo
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kristian Karsten Ullrich
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, 35037, Marburg, Germany
- Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, 24306, Plön, Germany
| | - Dirk Walther
- Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Andreas Rensing
- Plant Cell Biology, Department of Biology, University of Marburg, 35037, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, 79098, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Haim Treves
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, 39040, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Zamree ND, Puasa NA, Lim ZS, Wong CY, Shaharuddin NA, Zakaria NN, Merican F, Convey P, Ahmad S, Shaari H, Azmi AA, Ahmad SA, Zulkharnain A. The Utilisation of Antarctic Microalgae Isolated from Paradise Bay (Antarctic Peninsula) in the Bioremediation of Diesel. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2536. [PMID: 37447097 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Research has confirmed that the utilisation of Antarctic microorganisms, such as bacteria, yeasts and fungi, in the bioremediation of diesel may provide practical alternative approaches. However, to date there has been very little attention towards Antarctic microalgae as potential hydrocarbon degraders. Therefore, this study focused on the utilisation of an Antarctic microalga in the bioremediation of diesel. The studied microalgal strain was originally obtained from a freshwater ecosystem in Paradise Bay, western Antarctic Peninsula. When analysed in systems with and without aeration, this microalgal strain achieved a higher growth rate under aeration. To maintain the growth of this microalga optimally, a conventional one-factor-at a-time (OFAT) analysis was also conducted. Based on the optimized parameters, algal growth and diesel degradation performance was highest at pH 7.5 with 0.5 mg/L NaCl concentration and 0.5 g/L of NaNO3 as a nitrogen source. This currently unidentified microalga flourished in the presence of diesel, with maximum algal cell numbers on day 7 of incubation in the presence of 1% v/v diesel. Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents of the culture were greatest on day 9 of incubation. The diesel degradation achieved was 64.5% of the original concentration after 9 days. Gas chromatography analysis showed the complete mineralisation of C7-C13 hydrocarbon chains. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that strain WCY_AQ5_3 fully degraded the hydrocarbon with bioabsorption of the products. Morphological and molecular analyses suggested that this spherical, single-celled green microalga was a member of the genus Micractinium. The data obtained confirm that this microalga is a suitable candidate for further research into the degradation of diesel in Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Diyanah Zamree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Aini Puasa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zheng Syuen Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chiew-Yen Wong
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azmi Shaharuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nadhirah Zakaria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faradina Merican
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Peter Convey
- British Antarctic Survey, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
- Millennium Institute Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic Ecosystems (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa 7750000, Santiago, Chile
| | - Syahida Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hasrizal Shaari
- School of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Alyza Azzura Azmi
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aqlima Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Bioresource Management, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Material Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azham Zulkharnain
- Department of Bioscience and Engineering, College of Systems Engineering and Science, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minumaku, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Soto-Sánchez O, Hidalgo P, González A, Oliveira PE, Hernández Arias AJ, Dantagnan P. Microalgae as Raw Materials for Aquafeeds: Growth Kinetics and Improvement Strategies of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Production. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:5110281. [PMID: 36860971 PMCID: PMC9973195 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5110281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that ancient cultures used microalgae as food for centuries. Currently, scientific reports highlight the value of nutritional composition of microalgae and their ability to accumulate polyunsaturated fatty acids at certain operational conditions. These characteristics are gaining increasing interest for the aquaculture industry which is searching for cost-effective replacements for fish meal and oil because these commodities are one of the most significant operational expenses and their dependency has become a bottleneck for their sustainable development of the aquaculture industry. This review is aimed at highlighting the use of microalgae as polyunsaturated fatty acid source in aquaculture feed formulations, despite their scarce production at industrial scale. Moreover, this document includes several approaches to improve microalgae production and to increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids with emphasis in the accumulation of DHA, EPA, and ARA. Furthermore, the document compiles several studies which prove microalgae-based aquafeeds for marine and freshwater species. Finally, the study explores the aspects that intervene in production kinetics and improvement strategies with possibilities for upscaling and facing main challenges of using microalgae in the commercial production of aquafeeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Soto-Sánchez
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pamela Hidalgo
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Bioproductos y Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Aixa González
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Bioproductos y Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricia E. Oliveira
- Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
- Núcleo de Investigación en Bioproductos y Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Adrián J. Hernández Arias
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Patricio Dantagnan
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Acuícolas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
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Kant Mehta S. Assessing the prospects of Zygnema heydrichii, a filamentous Chlorophyte, as a biodiesel feedstock. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126487. [PMID: 34871720 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the suitability of the filamentous microalga Zygnema heydrichii as a biodiesel feedstock. Under ambient culture conditions, biomass yield, lipid content, and fatty acid composition were measured. The effects of nutrient deprivation, pH, and salinity on biomass and lipid production were also investigated. Z. heydrichii under nutrient-enriched medium showed specific growth rate (µ) 0.31 day-1 and lipid content 14.75% DW. The most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3, all of which are considered appropriate for biodiesel production. Nitrogen and phosphorus depletion from the growth medium further increased lipid content to 21.45% and 15.35% DW, respectively. The N depletion of the medium remarkably increased TAG content of the culture. Z. heydrichii possess great ability to grow in salty water (40 Mm NaCl). A low-cost, semi-continuous outdoor culture yielded biomass and lipid productivity of 0.208 g day-1and 0.038 g L-1 day-1, respectively.
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Svierzoski NDS, Matheus MC, Bassin JP, Brito YD, Mahler CF, Webler AD. Treatment of a slaughterhouse wastewater by anoxic-aerobic biological reactors followed by UV-C disinfection and microalgae bioremediation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:409-420. [PMID: 32777158 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, removal of organic matter and nitrogen from a cattle slaughterhouse wastewater was investigated in a two-stage anoxic-aerobic biological system, followed by UV-C disinfection. Ecotoxicity of the raw, biotreated, and disinfected wastewater against the microalgae Scenedesmus sp. was evaluated in short-term tests, while the potential of the microalgae as a nutrient removal step was addressed in long-term experiments. Throughout 5 operational phases, the biological system was subjected to gradual reduction of the hydraulic retention time (8-1.5 day), increasing the organic (0.21-1.11 kgCOD·m-3 ·day-1 ) and nitrogen (0.05-0.28 kgN·m-3 · day-1 ) loading rates. COD and total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) removal ranged within 83%-97% and 83%-99%, respectively. While providing alkalinity source, effluent TAN concentrations were below 5 mg·L-1 . Nitrate was the main nitrification product, while nitrite levels remained low (<1 mgN·L-1 ). Upon supplementation of external COD as ethanol, total nitrogen removal reached up to 90% at the highest load (0.28 kgN·m-3 ·day-1 ). After UV-C treatment, 3-log reduction of total coliforms was attained. The 96-hr ecotoxicity tests showed that all non-diluted samples tested (raw, biologically treated and UV-C irradiated wastewater) were toxic to microalgae. Nevertheless, these organisms were able to acclimate and grow under the imposed conditions, allowing to achieve nitrogen and phosphorous removal up to 99.1% and 43.0%, respectively. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The treatment of a slaughterhouse wastewater in an anoxic-aerobic biological system followed by a UV-C disinfection step was assessed. The pre-denitrification system showed efficient simultaneous removal of organic matter and nitrogen from the wastewater under increasing applied loads. UV-C disinfection worked effectively in reducing coliforms from the biotreated effluent, boosting the performance of microalgae on nutrients removal. Despite the toxicity to microalgae, they were capable to acclimate to the aqueous matrices tested, reducing efficiently the nutrients content. The combined stages of treatment presented great capacity for depleting up to 97% COD, 99% nitrogen, and 43% phosphorous.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - João Paulo Bassin
- COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yves Dias Brito
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Rondônia, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Claudio Fernando Mahler
- COPPE, Civil Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alberto Dresch Webler
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Rondônia, Rondônia, Brazil
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Ugya YA, Hasan DB, Tahir SM, Imam TS, Ari HA, Hua X. Microalgae biofilm cultured in nutrient-rich water as a tool for the phycoremediation of petroleum-contaminated water. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1175-1183. [PMID: 33563031 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1882934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at studying the phycoremediation of petroleum-contaminated water using microalgae biofilm cultured in nutrient-rich water. Microalgae biofilm was grown in a photobioreactor containing water rich in calcium nitrate, manganese chloride, sodium potassium tartrate, calcium phosphate, and ammonium sulfate. Petroleum contaminated water was poured into a photobioreactor, and the substrate containing microalgae biofilm was inserted into the photobioreactor and allowed for eight weeks for biofilm formation. Physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, conductivity, sulfate, alkalinity, chloride, TDS, TSS, nitrate, salinity, iron, potassium, phosphate, chlorine, chromium, magnesium, zinc, COD, BOD, and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of the petroleum contaminated water before and after treatment were determined. The microalgae biofilm used for the treatment was characterized before and after treatment using a Scanning Electron Microscope, X-Ray Fluorescence, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The phytochemical constituent of the microalgae biofilm was also determined before and after treatment of the petroleum-contaminated water. The result obtained shows highest removal efficiency of physicochemical parameters (turbidity (81%), conductivity (51.2), sulfate (17.5%), alkalinity 28.4%), chloride (14.6%), TDS (7.9), TSS (26%), nitrate (33%), salinity (23.4), iron (16%), potassium (22%), phosphate (28.2%), chlorine (14%), chromium (13.6%), magnesium (30.3%), zinc (40.5%), COD (8%), BOD (16.7%) and total petroleum hydrocarbon (15%)). The microalgae's characterization shows microalgae biofilm's ability to adsorb pollutants in petroleum-contaminated water due to the presence of microspores and larger surface area of the cells of the microalgae forming the biofilm or due to the absorption efficiency of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The analysis of the microalgae biofilm's phytochemical parameters shows the involvement of the chemicals components in pollutants degradation and antioxidant response of the microalgae to counteract the oxidative effect resulting from the exposure of the microalgae to the contaminated water. NOVELTY STATEMENT This is the first study that attempts the phycoremediation of petroleum contaminated water using microalgae biofilm. The reduction efficiency of the parameters treated in this study is very low compared to that reported in the literature but increases with the retention day. This low reduction efficiency is attributed to the slow assimilation of organic and inorganic pollutants due to the initial growth condition. This study is the first to re-affirm that microalgae biofilm can phycoremediate petroleum-contaminated water by adsorption and assimilation due to the presence of microspores and a larger surface area the cells of the microalgae forming the biofilm or the extracellular polymetric surface covering the biofilm. Several studies have reported that phytochemicals present in microalgae play an antioxidant response role to prevent the microalgae from oxidative damage resulting from water pollution. However, this study is the first to strongly link phytochemicals to the enhancement of pollutants degradation and adsorption by microalgae biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunusa Adamu Ugya
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Environmental Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Hadiza Abdullahi Ari
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Faculty of Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Xiuyi Hua
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Feedstocks, environmental effects and development suggestions for biodiesel in China. JOURNAL OF TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING (ENGLISH ED. ONLINE) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtte.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sorokina KN, Samoylova YV, Gromov NV, Ogorodnikova OL, Parmon VN. Production of biodiesel and succinic acid from the biomass of the microalga Micractinium sp. IC-44. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 317:124026. [PMID: 32866839 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined approach to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and succinic acid from the biomass of the microalga Micractinium sp. IC-44 using ionic liquids (ILs) was presented. After 22 days of cultivation, the biomass productivity was 0.034 ± 0.001 g L-1day-1, and the lipid content was 11.5 ± 0.5%. Direct biomass transesterification using H2SO4 in the presence of IL [BMIM][HSO4] resulted in a FAME yield of 42.0 ± 4.3%, which exceeded the yields obtained after transesterification of extracted lipids (20.5 ± 3.5% using ILs and 27.1 ± 2.4% using methanol/chloroform) and direct biomass transesterification without using ILs (31.6 ± 1.7%). The residual biomass obtained after direct transesterification using ILs was subjected to acid hydrolysis (sugar yield was 81.1 ± 2.4%). The purified hydrolysate was fermented using Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z to obtain a succinic acid yield of 0.67 g g-1 of fermentable sugars. Therefore, this study demonstrated the successful conversion of the Micractinium sp. IC-44 biomass into biodiesel and succinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia N Sorokina
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Yuliya V Samoylova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay V Gromov
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga L Ogorodnikova
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valentin N Parmon
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Lavrentieva, 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Ugya AY, Hasan DB, Ari HA, Ajibade FO, Imam TS, Abba A, Hua X. Natural freshwater microalgae biofilm as a tool for the clean-up of water resulting from mining activities. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1844307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adamu Yunusa Ugya
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Environmental Management, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
| | | | - Hadiza Abdullahi Ari
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
- Faculty of Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
- Key Lab of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Abidina Abba
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Anyigba, Nigeria
| | - Xiuyi Hua
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment of Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Water Resources and Aquatic Environment of Jilin Province, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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