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Astari DE, Massi MN, Masadah R, Hardjo M, Natzir R, Erlichster M, Chana G, Skafidas E, Seraj ZI, Elias SM, Soraya GV. Development of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay with novel quantitative pH biosensor readout method for SARS-CoV-2 detection. APMIS 2024; 132:499-506. [PMID: 38659394 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) is a molecular amplification method that can detect SARS-CoV-2 in a shorter time than the current gold-standard molecular diagnostic reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, previously developed RT-LAMP assays have mostly relied on highly subjective visual colorimetric interpretation. In this study, an RT-LAMP assay was developed with quantitative measurement of reaction pH using a novel portable pH biosensor compared to qualitative colorimetric interpretation and gel electrophoresis, with 57 clinical COVID-19 samples used for validation of the test. The LoD of the assay is 103 copies/μL. The highest sensitivity was found in the qualitative methods (93.75%), while the highest specificity and likelihood ratio was found in the pH sensor (87.5% and 6.72). On the sensor measurement, a significant difference (p < 0.0001) was observed between the average pH of the RT-PCR (+) COVID-19 (6.15 ± 0.27), while the average pH of the RT-PCR (-) samples (6.72 ± 0.22). Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation (r = 0.78, p < 0.0001) between the Ct values obtained from RT-PCR with the biosensor pH readout. RT-LAMP with the quantitative pH sensor readout method has the potential to be further developed as an objective molecular assay for rapid and simple detection of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Ekayanti Astari
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nasrum Massi
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology,Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Rina Masadah
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Marhaen Hardjo
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Rosdiana Natzir
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Michael Erlichster
- MX3 Diagnostics Inc., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gursharan Chana
- MX3 Diagnostics Inc., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Efstratios Skafidas
- MX3 Diagnostics Inc., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zeba Islam Seraj
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabrina M Elias
- Department of Life Sciences, Independent University, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Gita Vita Soraya
- Department of Biomedicine, Graduate School Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Thiamine Demonstrates Bio-Preservative and Anti-Microbial Effects in Minced Beef Meat Storage and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131646. [PMID: 35804544 PMCID: PMC9264808 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of thiamine (TA) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and also assessed the preservative properties of TA in minced beef. TA demonstrated a concentration-dependent antimicrobial effect on microbial contaminants. Inhibition zones and MIC from the effect of TA on the tested bacterial strains were respectively within the ranges 15−20 mm and 62.5−700 µg/mL. TA significantly (p < 0.05) decreased all the pro-inflammatory factors [(nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)] monitored relative to LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. TA inhibited the expression of both iNOS and COX-2. In minced beef flesh, the growth of Listeria monocytogenes was inhibited by TA. TA improved physicochemical and microbiological parameters of stored minced beef meat compared to control. Principal component analyses and heat maps elucidate the quality of the tested meats.
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Fehlberg L, Pineda A, Cardoso F. Validation of 2 urine pH measuring techniques in a prepartum negative dietary cation-anion difference diet and the relationship with production performance. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:13-18. [PMID: 36340683 PMCID: PMC9623720 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2021-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Negative dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) diets have been implemented to combat hypocalcemia, a common peripartal disease in dairy cows; however, the extent of compensatory metabolic acidosis necessary and the subsequent effects on performance are still debated. Additionally, there is a need for an inexpensive, accurate method to measure urine pH on farm during the prepartum period to assess the extent of metabolic acidosis achieved by negative DCAD diets. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to determine the accuracy of Fisher pH sticks (pHF; ThermoFisher Scientific) and pHion balance test strips (pHI; pHion Balance) compared with a portable pH meter (pHP; Accumet AP115, ThermoFisher Scientific) in measuring urine pH (UpH) and the effect of UpH on pre- and postpartum dry matter intake (DMI), milk, and milk composition yields. Cows consumed a total mixed ration with a DCAD of -118 mEq/kg for 4 wk prepartum and 397 mEq/kg for 4 wk postpartum. Prepartum UpH measurements (n = 75) for each cow were averaged and used to classify cows in terms of urine pH as low (UpH ≤5.54; mean ± standard deviation; 5.44 ± 0.07), medium (UpH >5.54 and ≤5.90; 5.67 ± 0.09), or high (UpH >5.90; 6.42 ± 0.36). Cows were milked twice a day, and milk samples were taken on d 7 ± 1.3, 14 ± 1.4, and 28 ± 1.1 relative to calving. Milk yield and DMI were recorded daily and averaged weekly. Bland-Altman plots and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) were used to assess the agreement between pHP and pHF or pHI (n = 375). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the threshold with pHF and pHI that best discriminated between UpH >5.75 and ≤5.75 compared with pHP, and area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the accuracy. At the UpH threshold of 5.75 for pHF and pHI, the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 89.5 and 87.4, 99.1 and 97.0, and 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. The CCC was 0.93 for pHF and pHI, indicating near-perfect agreement with pHP. The UpH did not affect pre- or postpartum DMI. There was a tendency for a UpH × week interaction for milk yield, in which milk yields were less for cows in the low and medium groups. In conclusion, pHI and pHF are accurate measurements for UpH, and UpH did not affect DMI; however, when UpH was low or medium, milk yield was decreased at wk 1 postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.K. Fehlberg
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
| | - A. Pineda
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - F.C. Cardoso
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801
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