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Krstin L, Katanić Z, Benčić K, Lončar L, Pfeiffer TŽ. Ethnobotanical Survey of Culturally Important Plants and Mushrooms in North-Western Part of Croatia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1566. [PMID: 38891374 PMCID: PMC11175058 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The Republic of Croatia is spread in geographical and climatic conditions that support a great diversity of habitats and associated plant taxa, many of which can be used for food or medicine. However, urbanization, loss of natural habitats, as well as changes in people's dependence on the natural resources from the surrounding environment may lead to the loss of valuable knowledge about the use of plants and mushrooms. With the aim of studying and preserving this knowledge in the continental north-western part of Croatia, an ethnobotanical survey was undertaken at the two study areas-Valpovo and Đurđevac, which included a total of 17 settlements. A total of 103 informants, 65% female and 35% male, aged between 22 and 83 years, participated in an interview using pre-planned questionnaires. The informants reported 131 plants belonging to 55 families and 17 mushroom taxa. The largest number of plants belonged to the families of Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Apiaceae. In both areas, the informants cultivate and also gather wild plants, but these practices are better preserved in the area of Đurđevac where 109 taxa from 47 families were recorded. In addition to cultivated and gathered plants, informants from the Valpovo area also reported the use of purchased plants. Plants and mushrooms are mostly used as food (21 plant taxa and 17 mushrooms), but plants also serve as medicine (68 taxa), as both food and medicine (35 taxa), feed for cattle (11 taxa), repellent (four taxa), and/or space freshener (two taxa). The most frequently used wild plants are Chamomilla recutita, Mentha x piperita, and Urtica dioica, while Boletus edulis, Agaricus campestris, and Macrolepiota procera are the most often used mushrooms. The results indicate that the local people in the studied north-western part of Croatia still nurture the practice of cultivating and gathering plants and that herbal remedies are considerably important among the informants. The study should be further extended to broaden and preserve valuable ethnobotanical knowledge and encourage the protection of culturally important plants of the studied area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tanja Žuna Pfeiffer
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (L.K.); (Z.K.); (K.B.); (L.L.)
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Aaziz H, Saffaj T, Benchekroun YH, Ihssane B. Simultaneous Quantification of Two Neonicotinoids Using QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS in Moroccan Spearmint (Mentha Spicata.L): Qualimetry of the Method by Uncertainty Estimation Using Generalized Pivotal Quantities Approach and Monte Carlo Simulation. J AOAC Int 2024; 107:217-225. [PMID: 38070149 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are used for the phytosanitary treatment of Mentha Spicata.L crops, and this practice requires precise control of these harmful substances at very low concentrations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to apply an approach allowing simultaneously validation and evaluation of measurement uncertainty based on total error methodology, in order to accurately quantify the presence of two NEOs in Mentha Spicata.L utilizing a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS)-LC-MS/MS methodology. METHODS The quantification of imidacloprid and acetamiprid employing a QuEChERS extraction method, coupled with LC-MS/MS, ensuring the accuracy of the analytical method and managing the risks associated with its routine use. A complete and exhaustive validation approach based on the "β-content, γ-confidence" tolerance interval was used for the uncertainty assessment, using the generalized pivot quantity (GPQ) concept and Monte Carlo simulation, which avoids the need for additional data while achieving intermediate precision for each concentration level within predetermined acceptable limits. RESULTS The validation procedure is based on the choice of a quadratic model for the two NEOs, allowing the validation of acetamiprid and imidacloprid by LC-MS/MS assay within the range of working concentration. The flexibility of the uncertainty profile intervals was demonstrated with a variation in β-content values (66.7, 80, and 90%) and risk values (10 and 5%), which remained within the acceptability limits of 20%, and the relative expanded uncertainty did not exceed 15 and 11%. CONCLUSION A QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of two NEOs has been successfully fully validated using the uncertainty profile strategy. HIGHLIGHTS Implementation of an overall validation strategy, which involves both the validation and uncertainty assessment known as the uncertainty profile, for the quantification of two important NEOs in Mentha Spicata.L using QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS. This qualimetric approach has been conducted by computing the measurement uncertainty of the method utilizing data from analytical validation under conditions of intermediate precision at each level of concentration without additional effort. After that we have demonstrated the flexibility of this strategy for the LC-MS/MS quantification of acetamiprid and imidacloprid, using a decision tool that enables the choice and modification of β-content and γ-confidence values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Aaziz
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, PB 2202, Immouzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Taoufiq Saffaj
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, PB 2202, Immouzer Road, Fez, Morocco
| | - Yassine Hameda Benchekroun
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, PB 2202, Immouzer Road, Fez, Morocco
- Centre de Recherche REMINEX, Groupe Managem, Route Amezmiz Centre De Recherche Bp 469, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Bouchaib Ihssane
- Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, PB 2202, Immouzer Road, Fez, Morocco
- University Mohammed V, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Physio-Chemical Laboratory of Inorganic and Organique Materials (LPCMIO), Materials Science Center (MSC), ENS Avenue Mohamed BelHassan ElOuazzani, B.P. 5118 Takaddoum, Rabat, Morocco
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Mohammadi F, Rahimi K, Ahmadi A, Hooshmandi Z, Amini S, Mohammadi A. Anti-inflammatory effects of Mentha pulegium L. extract on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells are mediated by TLR-4 and NF-κB suppression. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24040. [PMID: 38234883 PMCID: PMC10792569 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
There is great interest in evaluating the anti-inflammatory properties of new herbal products. Thus, the effects of Mentha pulegium L. extract on gene and protein expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators and transcription factors were determined. The hydro-ethanolic extract of Mentha pulegium L. was obtained and optimal non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extract were determined by MTT assay. Then, three different concentrations of Mentha pulegium L. (10, 30, and 90 μg/mL) were used to pre-treat the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated and non-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 10 healthy individuals. Finally, the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65, activator protein-1 (AP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expressions and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TLR-4, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and COX-2 protein levels were measured. MTT results showed that there is no significant difference in cell viability among 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/mL concentrations of Mentha pulegium L. extract at 24, 48, and 72 h (P > 0.05). The IC50 values were 236.1, 147.0, and 118.0 μg/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h respectively. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, TLR-4, iNOS, and NF-κB p65 mRNA levels in the pre-treated LPS-stimulated PBMCs were concentration-dependently reduced (P < 0.01 for TNF-α, TLR-4, and NF-κB p65; P < 0.05 for IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS). Also, the protein levels of pro-inflammatory mediators decreased and these differences were significant for TNF-α, IL-1β, and TLR-4 (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001, respectively). Mentha pulegium L. extract decreased the expression and biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators. These effects are mainly mediated by TLR-4 and NF-κB suppression. Thus, Mentha pulegium L. could be useful in treating or ameliorating chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firouz Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ahmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Hooshmandi
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sabrieh Amini
- Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Laftouhi A, Eloutassi N, Ech-Chihbi E, Rais Z, Taleb A, Assouguem A, Ullah R, Kara M, Fidan H, Beniken M, Taleb M. Impact of Climate Change on the Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activity of Mentha pulegium L. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:46598-46607. [PMID: 38107916 PMCID: PMC10720290 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A central position in Moroccan ethnobotany is held by the Mentha genus, serving as a vital reference for aromatic and medicinal plants within the Lamiaceae family. The profound importance of Mentha species in the daily lives of Moroccans is recognized, and the primary objective of this study is to assess the impact of rising temperatures and decreasing precipitation on the primary and secondary metabolites of Mentha pulegium under the following climatic conditions: sample 1, cultivated under standard temperature and precipitation conditions during the first year; sample 2, subjected to an 8 °C temperature increase and a 25% reduction in water supply; and sample 3, exposed to a 12 °C temperature rise and a 50% decrease in water availability. Phytochemical screening results reveal a progressive decline in primary metabolites from sample 1 to sample 3 due to the increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation. Conversely, a distinct trend is observed in secondary metabolites and the yield of essential oil, increasing from sample 1 to sample 2 as the temperature rises and precipitation decreases. Remarkably, in sample 3, the yield of essential oil decreases as climatic conditions further deteriorate. Additionally, GC analysis demonstrates that modifications in the chemical compositions of essential oils occur because of the disruption of climatic parameters, particularly in the major compounds. Similarly, changes in climatic parameters significantly influence antioxidant activity, with sample 2 exhibiting the highest activity, as reflected by an IC50 value (half-maximal inhibitory concentration) of 14,874.04 μg/mL, followed by the third sample at 8488.43 μg/mL, whereas the first sample exhibits the lowest activity at 4505.02 μg/mL. In summary, the complex relationship between climatic factors and the chemical composition of Mentha pulegium is highlighted by our experiment, emphasizing its implications for medicinal properties within an ecological context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelouahid Laftouhi
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Eloutassi
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Elhachmia Ech-Chihbi
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Zakia Rais
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Abdslam Taleb
- Environmental
Process Engineering Laboratory- Faculty of Science and Technology
Mohammedia, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Amine Assouguem
- Laboratory
of Functional Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Street, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
- Laboratory
of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer street, P.O. Box 2202, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Kara
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorisation of Natural Resources
(LBCVNR), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz,
University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, BP 1796 Atlas, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Hafize Fidan
- University
of Food Technologies, Plovdiv 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Mustapha Beniken
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Taleb
- Laboratory
of Electrochemistry, Modeling and Environment Engineering (LIEME), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Faculty of Sciences
Fes, Fes 30000, Morocco
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Hudz N, Kobylinska L, Pokajewicz K, Horčinová Sedláčková V, Fedin R, Voloshyn M, Myskiv I, Brindza J, Wieczorek PP, Lipok J. Mentha piperita: Essential Oil and Extracts, Their Biological Activities, and Perspectives on the Development of New Medicinal and Cosmetic Products. Molecules 2023; 28:7444. [PMID: 37959863 PMCID: PMC10649426 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to analyze Mentha piperita L. as a potential raw material for the development of new health-promoting products (nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products). A lot of scientific publications were retrieved from the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases which enable the study and generalization of the extraction procedures, key biologically active compounds of essential oil and extracts, biological properties, and therapeutic potential of M. piperita, along with perspectives on the development of its dosage forms, including combinations of synthetic active substances and herbal preparations of M. piperita. The results of this review indicate that M. piperita is a source rich in phytoconstituents of different chemical nature and can be regarded as a source of active substances to enhance health and to develop medicinal products for complementary therapy of various conditions, especially those related with oxidant stress, inflammation, and moderate infections. Essential oil has a broad spectrum of activities. Depending on the test and concentration, this essential oil has both anti- and prooxidant properties. Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive to the essential oil of M. piperita than Gram-negative ones. This review also considered some facets of the standardization of essential oil and extracts of M. piperita. Among the identified phenolics of extracts were caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, eriocitrin, luteolin derivates (luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoronide), and hesperidin. The concentration of these phenolics depends on the solvent used. This review also considered the relationships between the chemical component and biological activity. The results showed that the essential oil and extracts reduced inflammation in vitro by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and in vivo by reducing the paw edema induced using carrageenan injection in rats. Therefore, herbal preparations of M. piperita are promising medicinal and cosmetic preparations for their usage in skincare and oral cavity care products with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. This plant can also be regarded as a platform for the development of antibacterial preparations and combined anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective medicinal products (synthetic active substances plus herbal preparations). This review could be considered for the justification of the composition of some medicinal products during their pharmaceutical development for writing a registration dossier in the format of Common Technical Document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Hudz
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmacy, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Lesya Kobylinska
- Department of Biochemistry, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (K.P.); (P.P.W.)
| | - Vladimira Horčinová Sedláčková
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (V.H.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Roman Fedin
- Department of Pharmacy and Biology, Stepan Gzhytskyi National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies of Lviv, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine;
| | - Mariia Voloshyn
- Department of Foreign Languages, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine; (M.V.); (I.M.)
| | - Iryna Myskiv
- Department of Foreign Languages, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine; (M.V.); (I.M.)
| | - Ján Brindza
- Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia; (V.H.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Piotr Paweł Wieczorek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland; (K.P.); (P.P.W.)
| | - Jacek Lipok
- Department of Pharmacy and Ecological Chemistry, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland;
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Póvoa O, Lopes V, Barata AM, Farinha N. Monitoring Genetic Erosion of Aromatic and Medicinal Plant Species in Alentejo (South Portugal). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2588. [PMID: 37514203 PMCID: PMC10386371 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to study the genetic erosion risk of plants with aromatic, medicinal and gastronomic applications in Portugal, particularly in the Alentejo region. The target species were coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), hart's pennyroyal (Mentha cervina L.) and pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.). The methodology involved direct observations and surveys (2002/2003 and 2011). The GE formula applied in Hammer's studies was used to estimate genetic erosion. The main factors causing genetic erosion were the primary drivers of biodiversity loss: habitat loss, invasive species, and overexploitation influenced by human intervention such as the clearing of watercourses, vegetation control, grazing and desertification. The results indicate a reduction in individuals per species in Alentejo, with a net erosion loss of 11% for M. pulegium, 32% for M. cervina and 33% for C. sativum. The overall loss of accessions (genetic erosion risk) was higher in cultivated accessions (33%) than in wild accessions (11%), with an annual genetic erosion rate of 3.7% and 1.2%, respectively. The annual risk of genetic erosion for M. pulegium accessions collected in a natural habitat was 0.6%, which is much lower than the 3.7% for M. cervina. These results consolidate the importance of collecting and conserving genetic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlanda Póvoa
- VALORIZA-Centro de Investigação para a Valorização de Recursos Endógenos, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Violeta Lopes
- Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal (BPGV), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta de S. José, S. Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana Maria Barata
- Banco Português de Germoplasma Vegetal (BPGV), Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Quinta de S. José, S. Pedro de Merelim, 4700-859 Braga, Portugal
| | - Noémia Farinha
- Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Praça do Município 11, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
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Kumar D, Punetha A, Chauhan A, Suryavanshi P, Padalia RC, Kholia S, Singh S. Growth, oil and physiological parameters of three mint species grown under saline stress levels. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1061-1072. [PMID: 37649882 PMCID: PMC10462551 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is known to have a detrimental effect on mint plants. The aim of the present work was to investigate the possible effects of salinity stress on Mentha spicata, Mentha piperita and Mentha arvensis. Plants were exposed to salinity stress using different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, 150 mM). Under salinity stress, plant growth, oil yield, content and composition, as well as physiological parameters were adversely affected. Among the studied species, M. arvensis experienced the maximum loss in terms of oil percentage. Physiological characteristics and oil composition were significantly affected with intensification of salt stress. For instance, in M. spicata, with increasing salinity stress, piperitone oxide was decreased from 78.4% in control to 38.0% in 150 mM NaCl, whereas menthol was increased from 1.0 to 37.1%. Moreover, in M. piperita, menthone, isomenthone and limonene were all increased in low stress and then were decreased in high stress conditions. In M. arvensis, the major compound; menthol was not affected but the content of menthone increased. It could be concluded that the salinity stress is detrimental but might be useful and may be recommended as an appropriate approach in improving the oil quality or to producing specific compounds under mild or moderate stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipender Kumar
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
| | - Arjita Punetha
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
| | - Amit Chauhan
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
| | - Priyanka Suryavanshi
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015 India
| | - R. C. Padalia
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
| | - Sushma Kholia
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
| | - Sonveer Singh
- Research Centre, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263149 India
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Boualam K, Bouhaddou N, Sobeh M, Tabyaoui M, Taghzouti K. Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds. aqueous extract attenuates H 2O 2 induced oxidative stress and neurotoxicity. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1121029. [PMID: 36968491 PMCID: PMC10035595 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress plays a causal role in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (M. rotundifolia), a widely used Moroccan plant in traditional medicine. Methods The chemical composition of M. rotundifolia aqueous extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS+) assays were used to assess its in vitro antioxidant activity. H2O2 was utilized to induce oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in vivo. Behavioral changes were evaluated using Open Field, Y-maze and Rotarod tests. Hyperalgesia was assessed using the tail immersion test. Results and discussion The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed high content of kaempferol glucuronide (85%) at the extract. IC50 values of the DPPH and ABTS were 26.47 and 41.21 μg/mL, respectively. Pre-treatments with M. rotundifolia extract attenuated the behavioral changes induced by H2O2. In addition, the latency of tail withdrawal increased significantly in the treated groups suggesting central analgesic effect of M. rotundifolia extract. Moreover, the extract attenuated the deleterious effects of H2O2 and improved all liver biomarkers. The obtained results suggested that M. rotundifolia had remarkable antioxidant and neuroprotective effects and may prevent oxidative stress related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Boualam
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Laboratory LMNE, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Khadija Boualam,
| | - Nezha Bouhaddou
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
- *Correspondence: Khadija Boualam,
| | - Mohamed Tabyaoui
- Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment Laboratory LMNE, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Taghzouti
- Physiology and Physiopathology Team, Genomics of Human Pathologies Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Al-Mijalli SH, Mrabti NN, Ouassou H, Sheikh RA, Abdallah EM, Assaggaf H, Bakrim S, Alshahrani MM, Awadh AAA, Qasem A, Attar A, Lee LH, Bouyahya A, Goh KW, Ming LC, Mrabti HN. Phytochemical Variability, In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Investigations, and In Silico Antibacterial Mechanisms of Mentha piperita Essential Oils Collected from Two Different Regions in Morocco. Foods 2022; 11:3466. [PMID: 36360079 PMCID: PMC9658668 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work is to explore the phytochemical profile of Mentha piperita essential oils (MPEO) collected from two different Moroccan regions using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) and to investigate their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and, antimicrobial effects using in vivo and in vitro assays. The chemical constituent of MPEO from the Azrou zone is dominated by carvone (70.25%), while MPEO from the Ouazzane zone is rich in Menthol (43.32%) and Menthone (29.4%). MPEO from Ouezzane showed higher antioxidant activity than EO from Azrou. Nevertheless, EO from Ouezzane considerably inhibited 5-Lipoxygenase (IC50 = 11.64 ± 0.02 µg/mL) compared to EO from Azro (IC50 = 23.84 ± 0.03 µg/mL). Both EOs from Azrou and Ouazzane inhibited the α-amylase activity in vitro, with IC50 values of 131.62 ± 0.01 µg/mL and 91.64 ± 0.03 µg/mL, respectively. The EOs were also tested for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The discdiffusion test revealed that MPEOs from both regions have significant antibacterial efficacy, and MPEOs from the north region showed the highest effect. The gram-positive bacteria were the most susceptible organisms. The MIC concentrations were in the range of 0.05 to 6.25 mg/mL, and the MBC concentrations were within 0.05-25.0 mg/mL. The MBC/MIC index indicated that MPEO has strong bactericidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal Naceiri Mrabti
- Computer Chemistry and Modeling Team, Laboratory of Materials, Modeling and Environmental Engineering (LIMME), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), BP 1796, Atlas, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Hayat Ouassou
- Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Boulevard Mohamed VI BP 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Ryan A. Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad M. Abdallah
- Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation Laboratory, Molecular Engineering, Biotechnology and Innovation Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat BP 6203, Morocco
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 8359006 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat BP 6203, Morocco
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10
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Molecular Interaction Studies and Phytochemical Characterization of Mentha pulegium L. Constituents with Multiple Biological Utilities as Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anticancer and Anti-Hemolytic Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154824. [PMID: 35956775 PMCID: PMC9370026 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple biological functions of Mentha pulegium extract were evaluated in the current work. Phytochemical components of the M. pulegium extract were detected by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, M. pulegium extract was estimated for antioxidant potential by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging, antimicrobial activity by well diffusion, and anticoagulant activity via prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). GC-MS analysis detected compounds including cholesterol margarate, stigmast-5-en-3-ol, 19-nor-4-androstenediol, androstan-17-one, pulegone-1,2-epoxide, isochiapin B, dotriacontane, hexadecanoic acid and neophytadiene. Chrysoeriol (15.36 µg/mL) was followed by kaempferol (11.14 µg/mL) and 7-OH flavone (10.14 µg/mL), catechin (4.11 µg/mL), hisperdin (3.05 µg/mL), and luteolin (2.36 µg/mL) were detected by HPLC as flavonoids, in addition to ferulic (13.19 µg/mL), cinnamic (12.69 µg/mL), caffeic (11.45 µg/mL), pyrogallol (9.36 µg/mL), p-coumaric (5.06 µg/mL) and salicylic (4.17 µg/mL) as phenolics. Antioxidant activity was detected with IC50 18 µg/mL, hemolysis inhibition was recorded as 79.8% at 1000 μg/mL, and PT and APTT were at 21.5 s and 49.5 s, respectively, at 50 μg/mL of M. pulegium extract. The acute toxicity of M. pulegium extract was recorded against PC3 (IC50 97.99 µg/mL) and MCF7 (IC50 80.21 µg/mL). Antimicrobial activity of M. pulegium extract was documented against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaureus, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but not against black fungus Mucor circinelloides. Molecular docking was applied using MOE (Molecular Operating Environment) to explain the biological activity of neophytadiene, luteolin, chrysoeriol and kaempferol. These compounds could be suitable for the development of novel pharmacological agents for treatment of cancer and bacterial infections.
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Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antibacterial Potentials and Chemical Composition of Salvia officinalis and Mentha suaveolens Grown Wild in Morocco. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2022; 2022:2844880. [PMID: 35755940 PMCID: PMC9217590 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2844880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This work evaluated in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial properties of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis) and Mentha suaveolens (M. suaveolens) essential oils (EO). The EOs were extracted, and their chemical composition was determined using GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antibacterial activities of S. officinalis and M. suaveolens EO were shown to be remarkable. Furthermore, S. officinalis EO demonstrated better antioxidant findings (using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP test) than M. suaveolens EO (p < 0.5). There were no significant differences in the inhibitory effects of the EOs on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in the antidiabetic assays. All of the examined bacterial strains (10 different strains), with the exception of P. aeruginosa, demonstrated significant sensitivity to the tested EOs, with M. suaveolens EO exhibiting better activity than S. officinalis EO. Thus, the research indicated that EO from these two medicinal plants has considerable potential for application in the formulation of antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic pharmaceuticals. However, more research studies are required to interpret the pharmacologic action of the studied EOs and their principal constituents and to confirm their safety.
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Aldogman B, Bilel H, Moustafa SMN, Elmassary KF, Ali HM, Alotaibi FQ, Hamza M, Abdelgawad MA, El-Ghorab AH. Investigation of Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Mentha suaveolens L. from Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092949. [PMID: 35566313 PMCID: PMC9099798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mentha is an aromatic plant used since antiquity for its pharmaceutical virtues. The climate of Saudi Arabia favors the growth of aromatic plants including Mentha suaveolens L. The aim of this study is to analyze the volatile oils of different parts of fresh and dried Mentha suaveolens L. grown in Saudi Arabia (Aljouf area) using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) and Gas Chromatography Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID) techniques, to recognize the effect of drying on chemical composition, then to evaluate the antioxidant and antifungal activities of different extracts. In total, 118 compounds were identified via GC/MS and GC/FID, in which carvone is the main volatile constituent (stems, leaves, whole plant 45–64%). This investigation deduces that Mentha belonged to the carvone chemotype. Then, the analysis of non-volatile constituents of fresh and dried Mentha was performed by HPLC. The main phenolic compound of fresh and dried Mentha for different parts was rosmarinic acid (ranging from 28,002.5 to 6558 µg/g). The ethanolic extract of fresh stem showed the highest antifungal activity (53% inhibition) compared with miconazole (60% inhibition) but the ethanoic extract of dry stem showed no activity. Additionally, all ethanolic extracts, whether for fresh or dry Mentha, have antioxidant activity more than 90% while the antioxidant activity of whole plant volatile oil is equal to 53.33%. This research shows that M. suaveolens L. could be applied to manufacture natural antioxidants, antifungal, and flavoring agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashayr Aldogman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (H.B.); (H.M.A.); (F.Q.A.)
| | - Hallouma Bilel
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (H.B.); (H.M.A.); (F.Q.A.)
| | | | - Khaled F. Elmassary
- Flavour and Aroma Department, National Research Centre, Giza P.O. Box 12622, Egypt;
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (H.B.); (H.M.A.); (F.Q.A.)
| | - Faddaa Qayid Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (H.B.); (H.M.A.); (F.Q.A.)
| | - Mohamed Hamza
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.N.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed H. El-Ghorab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia; (B.A.); (H.B.); (H.M.A.); (F.Q.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Characterization of the Phytochemical Composition and Bioactivities of Anacyclus maroccanus Ball. and Anacyclus radiatus Loisel Aerial Parts: Preliminary Evidence for the Possible Development of Moroccan Plants. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030692. [PMID: 35163958 PMCID: PMC8839974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the phytochemical composition and bioactivities of A. maroccanus (AM) and A. radiatus (AR), two ecotypes collected in the Demnate road and Essaouira regions, respectively, were studied to highlight a pharmacological interest and to enable possible pharmaceutical development. To this end, methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared for each ecotype by fractionation; next, their phytochemical composition was evaluated by spectrophotometric and chromatographic analysis. Moreover, in line with the available evidence for Anacyclus spp. and their traditional use, a screening of bioactivities, including antioxidant, hypoglycemic, antiglycative, chelating, and antibacterial activities, was performed. The extracts were characterized by high amounts of polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids, especially in the methanolic extracts; these samples were also enriched in carotenoids despite a lower chlorophyll content. Chlorogenic acid and rutin were the major identified compounds. The extracts also showed interesting hypoglycemic, antiglycative, and antibacterial properties, although with differences in efficacy and potency. Present results provide more scientific basis to the ethnopharmacological uses of Anacyclus spp. and suggest a further interest in AM and AR ecotypes as natural sources of bioactive compounds and/or phytocomplexes for possible pharmaceutical and nutraceutical developments.
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Wang Y, Wei S. Green Fabrication of Bioactive Silver Nanoparticles Using Mentha pulegium Extract under Alkaline: An Enhanced Anticancer Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1494-1504. [PMID: 35036812 PMCID: PMC8756582 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Chinese herbal medicine is popular as the bioactive components included in them would generate potential synergistic effect with the metal nanoparticles. The leaf of Mentha pulegium, whose extract contains a range of phytochemicals and exhibits a wide spectrum of bioactivities, is used as Chinese herbal medicine after drying naturally. Thus, the green synthesis of AgNPs using Mentha pulegium has aroused interests from analysts. However, the biosynthesis of AgNPs under alkaline conditions and the biological activities remain elusive, where alkaline conditions may influence the physicochemical properties and the biological activities of biosynthesized AgNPs. In this study, we were stimulated to fabricate bioactive AgNPs using Mentha pulegium extract under alkaline conditions, accompanied by a systematic evaluation on the effect of biosynthesis parameters on the formation, average size, and polydispersity of AgNPs. Our results showed that alkaline conditions could accelerate the formation of AgNPs with a small average size but at a disadvantage to the polydispersity. Additionally, the as-prepared AgNPs had a hexagonal structure and spherical shape with an average size of 15.7 ± 0.1 nm, existing in the monodispersed form and revealing a high degree of stability. The AgNPs exhibited potent antioxidant and significant inhibitory activity for both bacterial and cancer cell lines. The MIC values of AgNPs for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were both 50.0 μg·mL-1, and the IC50 values for HCT116, HepG2, and HeLa cells were 9.0, 14.5, and 31.5 μg·mL-1, respectively. The AgNPs biosynthesized using M. pulegium under alkaline conditions, which had a smaller size and more surface loads, are entirely different with those synthesized under acidic conditions, and the anticancer activity increased significantly. The internalization of AgNPs inside these five cells displayed a variant trend with variable AgNPs concentrations, suggesting the different mechanism of cell death. For two pathogens, HCT116 and HepG2 cancer cell lines, both cell wall and intracellular damage may be responsible for the cell death. However, for Hela cell line the cell death may be rooted in oxidative stress or intracellular penetration. These results confirmed that the AgNPs biosynthesized from M. pulegium extract under alkaline conditions would act as better anticancer agents in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Wang
- College
of Science, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
| | - Simin Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin
Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation
Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi
and Education Ministry, Shaanxi University
of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712083, China
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Ounoki R, Ágh F, Hembrom R, Ünnep R, Szögi-Tatár B, Böszörményi A, Solymosi K. Salt Stress Affects Plastid Ultrastructure and Photosynthetic Activity but Not the Essential Oil Composition in Spearmint ( Mentha spicata L. var. crispa "Moroccan"). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:739467. [PMID: 34777420 PMCID: PMC8586547 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.739467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High levels of soil salinity affect plant growth, reproduction, water and ion uptake, and plant metabolism in a complex manner. In this work, the effect of salt stress on vegetative growth, photosynthetic activity, and chloroplast ultrastructure of spearmint (Mentha spicata L. var. crispa "Moroccan") was investigated. After 2 weeks of low concentration treatments (5, 25, and 50 mM NaCl) of freshly cut shoots, we observed that the stem-derived adventitious root formation, which is a major mean for vegetative reproduction among mints, was completely inhibited at 50 mM NaCl concentration. One-week-long, high concentration (150 mM NaCl) salt stress, and isosmotic polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 treatments were compared in intact (rooted) plants and freshly cut, i.e., rootless shoots. Our data showed that roots have an important role in mitigating the deleterious effects of both the osmotic (PEG treatment) and specific ionic components of high salinity stress. At 50 mM NaCl or above, the ionic component of salt stress caused strong and irreversible physiological alterations. The effects include a decrease in relative water content, the maximal and actual quantum efficiency of photosystem II, relative chlorophyll content, as well as disorganization of the native chlorophyll-protein complexes as revealed by 77 K fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, important ultrastructural damage was observed by transmission electron microscopy such as the swelling of the thylakoid lumen at 50 mM NaCl treatment. Interestingly, in almost fully dry leaf regions and leaves, granum structure was relatively well retained, however, their disorganization occurred in leaf chloroplasts of rooted spearmint treated with 150 mM NaCl. This loss of granum regularity was also confirmed in the leaves of these plants using small-angle neutron scattering measurements of intact leaves of 150 mM NaCl-stressed rooted plants. At the same time, solid-phase microextraction of spearmint leaves followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses revealed that the essential oil composition of spearmint was unaffected by the treatments applied in this work. Taken together, the used spearmint cultivar tolerates low salinity levels. However, at 50 mM NaCl concentration and above, the ionic components of the stress strongly inhibit adventitious root formation and thus their clonal propagation, and severely damage the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roumaissa Ounoki
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Ágh
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Richard Hembrom
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Renáta Ünnep
- Neutron Spectroscopy Department, Center for Energy Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Katalin Solymosi
- Department of Plant Anatomy, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Chemical Characterization and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Insecticidal Properties of Essential Oil from Mentha pulegium L. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:1108133. [PMID: 34691201 PMCID: PMC8536417 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1108133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition and antibacterial, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties of the essential oil from Mentha pulegium L. (M. pulegium) growing in Morocco were investigated in this work. To achieve this goal, the oils were obtained by using hydrodistillation before being characterized by GC-MS. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were conducted against pathogenic strains using the disc diffusion and MICS bioassays. The insecticidal activity was carried out versus C. maculatus using contact and inhalation tests. The antioxidant activity was performed by using DPPH and total antioxidant capacity bioassays. The chemical analysis of the oil showed that 20 compounds were identified, which represented 98.91% of the total oil. In the oil, the main components detected were R-(+)-pulegone (76.35%), carvone (5.84%), dihydrocarvone (5.09%), and octanol-3 (2.25%). The essential oil has moderate-to-strong broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal properties; the results showed that B. subtilis was the most sensitive strain to M. pulegium oil, with the largest inhibition diameter (25 ± 0.33). For the antifungal activity, the results obtained indicated that Aspergillus niger was the most sensitive fungal strain to M. pulegium oil with an inhibition percentage up to 100%. Regarding the insecticidal activity, the inhalation test showed a high efficacy (100% mortality), and a lethal concentration of LC50 = 1.41 + 0.48 μL/L air was obtained after 24 hours of exposure. Moreover, the contact test showed that a total reduction in fertility and emergence was obtained with a dose of 20 μL/mL of acetone. Regarding the antioxidant activity, the sample concentration necessary to inhibit 50% of HE radicals (IC50) was 7.659 mg/mL (DPPH) and 583.066 57.05 mg EAA/g EO (TAC).
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Traditional Knowledge of Medicinal Plants Used in the Northeastern Part of Morocco. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6002949. [PMID: 34512779 PMCID: PMC8426073 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6002949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge of the plants that are used may provide insight on their properties for further exploration. This study aimed to identify and collect data about medicinal plants used in traditional medicine by the population of the provincial region of Taza, Morocco. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out among 200 informants, competent villagers, herbalists, and traditional healers from the provincial region of Taza city through direct interviews using a structured questionnaire. The survey reported 55 plant species belonging to 28 families used in the folk medicine. Informants' results showed that the most frequently used plants were Origanum compactum, Mentha pulegium, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Aloysia citrodora, Calamintha officinalis Moench, and Artemisia herba-alba Asso., with a relative frequency of citation of 76%, 72%, 60%, 42%, 40%, and 30%, respectively. Moreover, in this study, the Lamiaceae family was the most commonly reported plant family, and the leaves were the most frequently used parts of the plants; otherwise, decoction and infusion were the most used modes in the preparation of remedies from medicinal plants in the traditional medicine. The sociodemographic characteristics showed that women use medicinal plants slightly more than men, the illiterate people use the medicinal plant the most, and old people have more information about the medicinal plants than the new generations. The region of Taza of Morocco has an important floristic biodiversity of medicinal plants which are used in traditional medicine practice. This result provides a good database for pharmacological screening in the search for new plants that can contain new bioactive molecules that can be used as a bioactive ingredient of medicament or as a biological alternative in pharmacology.
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Antimicrobial combined action of Mentha pulegium, Ormenis mixta and Mentha piperita essential oils against S. aureus, E. coli and C. tropicalis: Application of mixture design methodology. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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