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Lyu H, Sugita N, Komatsu S, Wakasugi M, Yokoseki A, Yoshihara A, Kobayashi T, Sato K, Kawashima H, Onodera O, Narita I, Tabeta K. UCP2 polymorphisms, daily step count, and number of teeth associated with all-cause mortality risk in Sado City: A hospital-based cohort study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32512. [PMID: 38952382 PMCID: PMC11215260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is an ion/anion transporter in the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays a crucial role in immune response, regulation of oxidative stress, and cellular metabolism. UCP2 polymorphisms are linked to chronic inflammation, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, exercise efficiency, and longevity. Daily step count and number of teeth are modifiable factors that reduce mortality risk, although the role of UCP2 in this mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to assess the possible effects of UCP2 polymorphisms on the association between daily step count and number of teeth with all-cause mortality. Methods This study was conducted as a cohort project involving adult Japanese outpatients at Sado General Hospital (PROST). The final number of participants was 875 (mean age: 69 y). All-cause mortality during thirteen years (from June 2008 to August 2021) was recorded. The functional UCP2 genotypes rs659366 and rs660339 were identified using the Japonica Array®. Survival analyses were performed using multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Results There were 161 deaths (mean observation period: 113 months). Age, sex, daily step count, and the number of teeth were significantly associated with mortality. In females, UCP2 polymorphisms were associated with mortality independent of other factors (rs659366 GA compared to GG + AA; HR = 2.033, p = 0.019, rs660339 C T compared to CC + TT; HR = 1.911, p = 0.029). Multivariate models, with and without UCP2 genotypes, yielded similar results. The interaction terms between UCP2 genotype and daily step count or number of teeth were not significantly associated with mortality. Conclusion The effects of UCP2 polymorphisms on the association between daily step count or the number of teeth and all-cause mortality were not statistically significant. In females, UCP2 polymorphisms were significantly associated with all-cause mortality. Our findings confirmed the importance of physical activity and oral health and suggested a role of UCP2 in mortality risk independently with those factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Lyu
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriko Sugita
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Minako Wakasugi
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akio Yokoseki
- Department of Inter-Organ Communication Research, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yoshihara
- Division of Oral Science and Health Promotion, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kobayashi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- General Dentistry and Clinical Education Unit, Faculty of Dentistry & Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Kawashima
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan
| | - Osamu Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Biological Science, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Liu Y, Huang W, Dai K, Liu N, Wang J, Lu X, Ma J, Zhang M, Xu M, Long X, Liu J, Kou Y. Inflammatory response of gut, spleen, and liver in mice induced by orally administered Porphyromonas gingivalis. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 14:2088936. [PMID: 35756539 PMCID: PMC9225697 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2088936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a primary periopathogen in the initiation and development of periodontal disease. Evidence has shown that P. gingivalis is associated with systemic diseases, including IBD and fatty liver disease. Inflammatory response is a key feature of diseases related to this species. Methods C57BL/6 mice were administered either PBS, or P. gingivalis. After 9 weeks, the inflammatory response in gut, spleen, and liver was analyzed. Results The findings revealed significant disturbance of the intestinal microbiota and increased inflammatory factors in the gut of P. gingivalis-administered mice. Administrated P. gingivalis remarkably promoted the secretion of IRF-1 and activated the inflammatory pathway IFN-γ/STAT1 in the spleen. Histologically, mice treated with P. gingivalis exhibited hepatocyte damage and lipid deposition. The inflammatory factors IL-17a, IL-6, and ROR-γt were also upregulated in the liver of mice fed with P. gingivalis. Lee’s index, spleen index, and liver index were also increased. Conclusion These results suggest that administrated P. gingivalis evokes inflammation in gut, spleen, and liver, which might promote the progression of various systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingman Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenkai Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ke Dai
- Department of Stomatology, Lishui University School of Medicine, Lishui, Zhejing, China
| | - Ni Liu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoying Lu
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengqi Xu
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Long
- Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yurong Kou
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Oral Biology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Ezhilarasan D. Deciphering the toxicological role of Porphyromonas gingivalis derived endotoxins in liver diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:103755. [PMID: 34662732 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a most prevalent and infectious multifactorial inflammatory disease and is characterized by the progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram‑negative oral anaerobe, mainly causes periodontitis and it is one of the most important risk factors responsible for aggravation of existing systemic diseases. Several experimental and clinical studies have shown the positive association between periodontitis and different forms of liver disease. Periodontal diseases increase the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and cirrhosis. Infected periodontium and pathogens in the periodontal microenvironments release pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharides, gingipain, fimbria, bacterial DNA, etc, and damage-associated molecular patterns such as interleukins-1α, β, - 8, and galectin-3, etc. These virulence factors and cytokines enter the bloodstream, disseminate into the whole body, and induce a variety of systemic pathological effects, including liver diseases (steatosis and fibrosis). Maintaining oral hygiene by scaling and root planning significantly improves liver damage in patients with periodontitis. Dentists and physicians should have more awareness in understanding the bidirectional nature of the relationship between oral and systemic diseases. Importantly, periodontitis condition aggravates simple fatty liver into fibrotic disease and therefore, the aim of this review is to understand the possible link between periodontitis and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devaraj Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Blue Lab, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Division, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 077, India.
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Imai J, Kitamoto S, Kamada N. The pathogenic oral-gut-liver axis: new understandings and clinical implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:727-736. [PMID: 34057877 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1935877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health is closely related to extra-oral disease status, as may be represented by the manifestations of gastrointestinal and liver diseases. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the roles that the oral-gut or the oral-gut-liver axis play in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, metabolic fatty liver disease, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The discussion will begin with clinical data, including data from preclinical animal models, to elucidate mechanisms. We will also discuss ways to target oral dysbiosis and oral inflammation to treat gastrointestinal and liver diseases. EXPERT OPINION Several studies have demonstrated that oral pathobionts can translocate to the gastrointestinal tract where they contribute to inflammation and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, oral bacteria that migrate to the gastrointestinal tract can disseminate to the liver and cause hepatic disease. Thus, oral bacteria that ectopically colonize the intestine may serve as biomarkers for gastrointestinal and liver diseases. Also, understanding the characteristics of the oral-gut and oral-gut-liver microbial and immune axes will provide new insights into the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Imai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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