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Galitz A, Vargas S, Thomas OP, Reddy MM, Wörheide G, Erpenbeck D. Genomics of Terpene Biosynthesis in Dictyoceratid Sponges (Porifera) - What Do We (Not) Know? Chem Biodivers 2024:e202400549. [PMID: 39177427 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Sponges are recognized as promising sources for novel bioactive metabolites. Among them are terpenoid metabolites that constitute key biochemical defense mechanisms in several sponge taxa. Despite their significance, the genetic basis for terpenoid biosynthesis in sponges remains poorly understood. Dictyoceratida comprise demosponges well-known for their bioactive terpenoids. In this study, we explored the currently available genomic data for insights into the metabolic pathways of dictyoceratid terpenoids. We first identified prenyltransferase (PT) and terpene cyclase (TC) enzymes essential for the terpenoid biosynthetic processes in the terrestrial realm by analyzing available transcriptomic and genomic data of Dictyoceratida sponges and 10 other sponge species. All Dictyoceratida sponges displayed various PTs involved in either sesqui- or diterpene, steroid and carotenoid production. Additionally, it was possible to identify a potential candidate for a dictyoceratid sesterterpene PT. However, analogs of common terrestrial TCs were absent, suggesting the existence of a distinct or convergently evolved sponge-specific TC. Our study aims to contribute to the foundational understanding of terpene biosynthesis in sponges, unveiling the currently evident genetic components for terpenoid production in species not previously studied. Simultaneously, it aims to identify the known and unknown factors, as a starting point for biochemical and genetic investigations in sponge terpenoid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Galitz
- Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Sergio Vargas
- Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier P Thomas
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Maggie M Reddy
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, 7701, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | - Gert Wörheide
- Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
- GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
- SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Palaeontology and Geology, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Erpenbeck
- Department of Earth- and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
- GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333, Munich, Germany
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2
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Permatasanti A, Hidayat W. Potential of Indonesian Herbal as an Anti-Cancer Therapy: A Systemic Review of in vitro Studies. Cancer Manag Res 2023; 15:837-850. [PMID: 37608914 PMCID: PMC10441583 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s414457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the world, the second most common cause of mortality is cancer, and its prevalence is increasing in both developing and developed states. Cancer therapy has severe side effects for people with cancer. The selection of natural ingredients in the form of herbal plants is expected to provide therapeutic effectiveness with low side effects. A total of 6000 plant species are utilized as herbal medicines in Indonesia by the local population for various ailments. Objective To describe the potential of Indonesian herbal plant products as a cancer therapy in vitro. Methods This systematic review is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-SR) guidelines. The selection of articles published in the last 5 years (2018-2023) from Pubmed, Ebsco, Garuda portal, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Webscience was carried out in January 2023 with the keyword "Indonesian herbal" AND/OR "Anti-cancer" AND/OR "In Vitro". Risk of bias assessment using OHAT tools. Results A total of 1,816,511 articles then through inclusion, exclusion criteria screening, and the risk of bias were obtained 23 (twenty-three) low risk of bias articles. Some herbal plant products such as Soursop (Annona muricata L.), Nyamplung (Calophyllum spp.), Benalu Cengkeh/Clove Benalu (Dendrophthoe pentandra), Rumput Mutiara/Pearl Grass (Hedyotis corymbosa L.), Rasamala (Altingia excelsa), Sarang Semut/Anthill plant (Myrmecodia pendans), Basil (Ocimum sanctum Linn.), and Tepus (Zingiber griffithii) showed different potentials for activity as an in vitro anti-cancer therapy. The three Indonesian herbal plants that are most studied in vitro as anti-cancer are Soursop, Rasamala, and Benalu Cengkeh/Clove Benalu. Conclusion The most widely studied Indonesian herbal plant in vitro as an anti-cancer is Soursop, while the anti-cancer activity that is widely reported is by inhibiting cell proliferation through intrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Permatasanti
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Wahyu Hidayat
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia
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Hashem AH, Attia MS, Kandil EK, Fawzi MM, Abdelrahman AS, Khader MS, Khodaira MA, Emam AE, Goma MA, Abdelaziz AM. Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:107. [PMID: 37280587 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human life has been significantly impacted by the creation and spread of novel species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and virus strains that are difficult to manage. Scientists and researchers have recently been motivated to seek out alternatives and other sources of safe and ecologically friendly active chemicals that have a powerful and effective effect against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria as a result of all these hazards and problems. In this review, endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds and biomedical applications were discussed. Endophytes, a new category of microbial source that can produce a variety of biological components, have major values for study and broad prospects for development. Recently, endophytic fungi have received much attention as a source for new bioactive compounds. In addition, the variety of natural active compounds generated by endophytes is due to the close biological relationship between endophytes and their host plants. The bioactive compounds separated from endophytes are usually classified as steroids, xanthones, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phenols, tetralones, benzopyranones and enniatines. Moreover, this review discusses enhancement methods of secondary metabolites production by fungal endophytes which include optimization methods, co-culture method, chemical epigenetic modification and molecular-based approaches. Furthermore, this review deals with different medical applications of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities in the last 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed S Attia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Esalm K Kandil
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Fawzi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Abdelrahman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Khader
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Khodaira
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdallah E Emam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Goma
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amer M Abdelaziz
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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4
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Xia C, Su J, Liu C, Mai Z, Yin S, Yang C, Fu L. Human microbiomes in cancer development and therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e221. [PMID: 36860568 PMCID: PMC9969057 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonies formed by bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viral groups and their genomes, metabolites, and expressed proteins constitute complex human microbiomes. An increasing evidences showed that carcinogenesis and disease progression were link to microbiomes. Different organ sources, their microbial species, and their metabolites are different; the mechanisms of carcinogenic or procancerous are also different. Here, we summarize how microbiomes contribute to carcinogenesis and disease progression in cancers of the skin, mouth, esophagus, lung, gastrointestinal, genital, blood, and lymph malignancy. We also insight into the molecular mechanisms of triggering, promoting, or inhibiting carcinogenesis and disease progress induced by microbiomes or/and their secretions of bioactive metabolites. And then, the strategies of application of microorganisms in cancer treatment were discussed in detail. However, the mechanisms by which human microbiomes function are still poorly understood. The bidirectional interactions between microbiotas and endocrine systems need to be clarified. Probiotics and prebiotics are believed to benefit human health via a variety of mechanisms, in particular, in tumor inhibition. It is largely unknown how microbial agents cause cancer or how cancer progresses. We expect this review may open new perspectives on possible therapeutic approaches of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiyan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhikai Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head‐Neck and Breast SurgeryYuebei People's Hospital of Shantou UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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5
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Yang EF, Karunarathna SC, Dai DQ, Stephenson SL, Elgorban AM, Al-Rejaie S, Xiong YR, Promputtha I, Samarakoon MC, Tibpromma S. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Fungi Associated with Mangifera indica from Yunnan, China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:1249. [PMID: 36547582 PMCID: PMC9780836 DOI: 10.3390/jof8121249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica) in Baoshan and Honghe of Yunnan Province (China), fungal taxa belonging to the orders Botryosphaeriales, Calosphaeriales, Chaetothyriales, Diaporthales, and Xylariales were recorded. Morphological examinations coupled with phylogenetic analyses of multigene sequences (ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, rpb1, rpb2, β-tubulin and CAL) were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus viz. Mangifericola, four new species viz. Cyphellophora hongheensis, Diaporthe hongheensis, Hypoxylon hongheensis, and Mangifericola hongheensis, four new host and geographical records viz. Aplosporella artocarpi, Hypomontagnella monticulosa, Paraeutypella citricola and Pleurostoma ootheca, and two new collections of Lasiodiplodia are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Fu Yang
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Master of Science Program in Applied Microbiology (International Program), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Dong-Qin Dai
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Steven L. Stephenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 12211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yin-Ru Xiong
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Milan C. Samarakoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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Zhang J, Zhu Y, Si J, Wu L. Metabolites of medicine food homology-derived endophytic fungi and their activities. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1882-1896. [PMID: 36276242 PMCID: PMC9579210 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicine food homology (MFH) substances not only provide essential nutrients as food but also have corresponding factors that can prevent and help treat nutritional imbalances, chronic disease, and other related issues. Endophytic fungi associated with plants have potential for use in drug discovery and food therapy. However, the endophytic fungal metabolites from MFH plants and their effects have been overlooked. Therefore, this review focuses on the various biological activities of 108 new metabolites isolated from 53 MFH-derived endophytic fungi. The paper explores the potential nutritional and medicinal value of metabolites of MFH-derived endophytic fungi for food and medical applications. This research is important for the future development of effective, safe, and nontoxic therapeutic nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Sudharsan M, Prasad NR, Kanimozhi G, Rishiikeshwer B, Brindha G, Chakraborty A. Redox status and metabolomic profiling of thioredoxin reductase inhibitors and 4 kGy ionizing radiation-exposed Deinococcus radiodurans. Microbiol Res 2022; 261:127070. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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8
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Wen J, Okyere SK, Wang S, Wang J, Xie L, Ran Y, Hu Y. Endophytic Fungi: An Effective Alternative Source of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds for Pharmacological Studies. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:205. [PMID: 35205959 PMCID: PMC8877053 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated fungi (endophytic fungi) are a biodiversity-rich group of microorganisms that are normally found asymptomatically within plant tissues or in the intercellular spaces. Endophytic fungi promote the growth of host plants by directly producing secondary metabolites, which enhances the plant's resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Additionally, they are capable of biosynthesizing medically important "phytochemicals" that were initially thought to be produced only by the host plant. In this review, we summarized some compounds from endophyte fungi with novel structures and diverse biological activities published between 2011 and 2021, with a focus on the origin of endophytic fungi, the structural and biological activity of the compounds they produce, and special attention paid to the exploration of pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of certain compounds. This review revealed that endophytic fungi had high potential to be harnessed as an alternative source of secondary metabolites for pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Samuel Kumi Okyere
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yinan Ran
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanchun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (J.W.); (S.K.O.); (S.W.); (J.W.); (L.X.); (Y.R.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- New Ruipeng Pet Healthcare Group Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
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Galindo-Solís JM, Fernández FJ. Endophytic Fungal Terpenoids: Natural Role and Bioactivities. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020339. [PMID: 35208794 PMCID: PMC8875210 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are a highly diverse group of fungi that intermittently colonize all plants without causing symptoms of the disease. They sense and respond to physiological and environmental changes of their host plant and microbiome. The inter-organism interactions are largely driven by chemical networks mediated by specialized metabolites. The balance of these complex interactions leads to healthy and strong host plants. Endophytic strains have particular machinery to produce a plethora of secondary metabolites with a variety of bioactivities and unknown functions in an ecological niche. Terpenoids play a key role in endophytism and represent an important source of bioactive molecules for human health and agriculture. In this review, we describe the role of endophytic fungi in plant health, fungal terpenoids in multiple interactions, and bioactive fungal terpenoids recently reported from endophytes, mainly from plants used in traditional medicine, as well as from algae and mangroves. Additionally, we highlight endophytic fungi as producers of important chemotherapeutic terpenoids, initially discovered in plants. Despite advances in understanding endophytism, we still have much to learn in this field. The study of the role, the evolution of interactions of endophytic fungi and their terpenoids provide an opportunity for better applications in human health and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Galindo-Solís
- Posgrado en Biotecnología, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico;
| | - Francisco J. Fernández
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Vicentina, Mexico City CP 09340, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)-5804-6453
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Saikia J, Mazumdar R, Thakur D. Phylogenetic affiliation of endophytic actinobacteria associated with selected orchid species and their role in growth promotion and suppression of phytopathogens. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1058867. [PMID: 36570961 PMCID: PMC9769409 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1058867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic actinobacteria aid in plant development and disease resistance by boosting nutrient uptake or producing secondary metabolites. For the first time, we investigated the culturable endophytic actinobacteria associated with ten epiphytic orchid species of Assam, India. 51 morphologically distinct actinobacteria were recovered from surface sterilized roots and leaves of orchids and characterized based on different PGP and antifungal traits. According to the 16S rRNA gene sequence, these isolates were divided into six families and eight genera, where Streptomyces was most abundant (n=29, 56.86%), followed by Actinomadura, Nocardia, Nocardiopsis, Nocardioides, Pseudonocardia, Microbacterium, and Mycolicibacterium. Regarding PGP characteristics, 25 (49.01%) isolates demonstrated phosphate solubilization in the range of 61.1±4.4 - 289.7±11.9 µg/ml, whereas 27 (52.94%) isolates biosynthesized IAA in the range of 4.0 ± 0.08 - 43.8 ± 0.2 µg/ml, and 35 (68.62%) isolates generated ammonia in the range of 0.9 ± 0.1 - 5.9 ± 0.2 µmol/ml. These isolates also produced extracellular enzymes, viz. protease (43.13%), cellulase (23.52%), pectinase (21.56%), ACC deaminase (27.45%), and chitinase (37.25%). Out of 51 isolates, 27 (52.94%) showed antagonism against at least one test phytopathogen. In molecular screening, most isolates with antifungal and chitinase producing traits revealed the presence of 18 family chitinase genes. Two actinobacterial endophytes, Streptomyces sp. VCLA3 and Streptomyces sp. RVRA7 were ranked as the best strains based on PGP and antifungal activity on bonitur scale. GC-MS examination of ethyl acetate extract of these potent strains displayed antimicrobial compound phenol, 2,4-bis-(1,1-dimethylethyl) as the major metabolite along with other antifungal and plant growth beneficial bioactive chemicals. SEM analysis of fungal pathogen F. oxysporum (MTCC 4633) affected by Streptomyces sp. VCLA3 revealed significant destruction in the spore structure. An in vivo plant growth promotion experiment with VCLA3 and RVRA7 on chili plants exhibited statistically significant (p<0.05) improvements in all of the evaluated vegetative parameters compared to the control. Our research thus gives insight into the diversity, composition, and functional significance of endophytic actinobacteria associated with orchids. This research demonstrates that isolates with multiple plant development and broad-spectrum antifungal properties are beneficial for plant growth. They may provide a viable alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides and a sustainable solution for chemical inputs in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juri Saikia
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Rajkumari Mazumdar
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, India
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Cotton University, Guwahati, India
| | - Debajit Thakur
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, India
- *Correspondence: Debajit Thakur,
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Zhang H, Wei TP, Li LZ, Luo MY, Jia WY, Zeng Y, Jiang YL, Tao GC. Multigene Phylogeny, Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential of Endophytic Sordariomycetes From Rosa roxburghii. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:755919. [PMID: 34912312 PMCID: PMC8667620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.755919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa roxburghii Tratt. is widely applied in food, cosmetics, and traditional medicine, and has been demonstrated to possess diverse bioactivities. Plant endophytic fungi are important microbial resources with great potential for application in many fields. They not only establish mutualistic symbiosis with host plants but also produce a variety of bioactive compounds. Therefore, in the present study, endophytic fungi were isolated from R. roxburghii, the diversity and antimicrobial activities were evaluated. As a result, 242 strains of endophytic Sordariomycetes were successfully isolated. Multigene phylogenetic analyses showed that these isolates included eight orders, 19 families, 33 genera. The dominant genera were Diaporthe (31.4%), Fusarium (14.4%), Chaetomium (7.9%), Dactylonectria (7.0%), Graphium (4.5%), Colletotrichum (4.1%), and Clonostachys (4.1%). For different tissues of R. roxburghii, alpha diversity analysis revealed that the diversity of fungal communities decreased in the order of root, fruit, stem, flower, leaf, and seed, and Clonostachys and Dactylonectria exhibited obvious tissue specificity. Meanwhile, functional annotation of 33 genera indicated that some fungi have multitrophic lifestyles combining endophytic, pathogenic, and saprophytic behavior. Additionally, antimicrobial activities of endophytic Sordariomycetes against Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Colletotrichum capsici, Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Pseudomonas syringae, Pantoea agglomerans, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were screened. Dual culture test assays showed that there were 40 different endophytic species with strong inhibition of at least one or moderate inhibition of two or more against the 12 tested strains. The results from the filter paper diffusion method suggested that extracellular metabolites may be more advantageous than intracellular metabolites in the development of antimicrobial agents. Eleven isolates with good activities were screened. In particular, Hypomontagnella monticulosa HGUP194009 and Nigrospora sphaerica HGUP191020 have shown promise in both broad-spectrum and intensity. Finally, some fungi that commonly cause disease have been observed to have beneficial biological activities as endophytic fungi. In conclusion, this study showed the species composition, alpha diversity, and lifestyle diversity of endophytic Sordariomycetes from R. roxburghii and demonstrated these isolates are potential sources for exploring antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China
| | - Tian-Peng Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lin-Zhu Li
- Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Yan Luo
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei-Yu Jia
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu-Lan Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guang-Can Tao
- Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, China.,Food Safety and Nutrition (Guizhou) Information Technology Co., Ltd., Guiyang National High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, Guiyang, China
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Morarescu O, Grinco M, Kulciţki V, Shova S, Ungur N. An Alternative Approach towards C-12 Functionalized Scalaranic Sesterterpenoids Synthesis of 17-Oxo-20-norscalaran-12α,19- O-lactone. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110636. [PMID: 34822507 PMCID: PMC8625711 DOI: 10.3390/md19110636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scalarane sesterterpenoids emerged as interesting bioactive natural products which were isolated extensively from marine sponges and shell-less mollusks. Some representatives were also reported recently from superior plants. Many scalarane sesterterpenoids displayed a wide spectrum of valuable properties, such as antifeedant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antitubercular, antitumor, anti-HIV properties, cytotoxicity and stimulation of nerve growth factor synthesis, as well as anti-inflammatory activity. Due to their important biological properties, many efforts have been undertaken towards the chemical synthesis of natural scalaranes. The main synthetic challenges are connected to their complex polycyclic framework, chiral centers and different functional groups, in particular the oxygenated functional groups at the C-12 position, which are prerequisites of the biological activity of many investigated scalaranes. The current work addresses this problem and the synthesis of 17-oxo-20-norscalaran-12α,19-O-lactone is described. It was performed via the 12α-hydroxy-ent-isocopal-13(14)-en-15-al obtained from (-)-sclareol as an accessible starting material. The tetracyclic lactone framework was built following an addition strategy, which includes the intramolecular Michael addition of a diterpenic acetoacetic ester and an intramolecular aldol condensation reaction as key synthetic steps. The structure and stereochemistry of the target compound have been proven by X-Ray diffraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Morarescu
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry, 3 Academiei Str., MD 2028 Chişinău, Moldova; (O.M.); (M.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Marina Grinco
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry, 3 Academiei Str., MD 2028 Chişinău, Moldova; (O.M.); (M.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Veaceslav Kulciţki
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry, 3 Academiei Str., MD 2028 Chişinău, Moldova; (O.M.); (M.G.); (V.K.)
| | - Sergiu Shova
- CEEC Institute, Ningbo University of Technology, No. 201, Fenghua Road, Ningbo City 315211, China;
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicon Ungur
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural and Biologically Active Compounds, Institute of Chemistry, 3 Academiei Str., MD 2028 Chişinău, Moldova; (O.M.); (M.G.); (V.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +373-22-739-775; Fax: +373-22-725-490
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Secondary Metabolite Production and Terpenoid Biosynthesis in Endophytic Fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides Isolated from Wild Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.) Wats. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres12040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi Cladosporium cladosporioides (F1-MH810309) and Cladosporium tenuissimum (F2-MN715834) from the leaf of wild Cymbopogon martinii (MT90507) were isolated and selected based on the persistent occurrence during different seasons of the year. They were identified based on the morphological features and molecular characterization (ITS sequence), and later deposited at NCBI. Phytochemical studies on F1, F2 and host extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and tannins. The GC-MS of F1 extract (control) under the axenic condition revealed compounds like hexadecane, heptadecane,2,4-Ditert-butylphenol, E-14 hexadecenal, geraniol, geranyl acetate and cubenol similar to the host. The GC-MS of F2 extract (control) revealed metabolites that were unique. Further, both F1 and F2 were cultured in the supplementation of different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of the host plant extract (an-axenic condition). The GC-MS of F1 extracts (test) exhibited good growth and showed the gradual increased production of terpenoid compounds whereas the F2 (test) did not show any growth. These compounds such as hyrdoxymenthol, nor-borneol, cedralacetate, α-cyclogeraniol, campesterol, β-cyclogeraniol, linalool oxide,2,3-boranediol, citronellyltiglate and 2,3-pinanediol were produced in a minor quantity and were known as biotransformed forms of the precursor compounds present in the host extract. In comparison, only F1 was able to produce terpenoids similar to the host species both in axenic and an-axenic conditions. Hence from the current study, the endophytic fungus F1 isolated from wild C. martinii for the first time can serve as a better resource for the bioprospection of an important terpenoid and its metabolites.
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Tyagi G, Kapoor N, Chandra G, Gambhir L. Cure lies in nature: medicinal plants and endophytic fungi in curbing cancer. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:263. [PMID: 33996375 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Success of targeted cancer treatment modalities has generated an ambience of plausible cure for cancer. However, cancer remains to be the major cause of mortality across the globe. The emergence of chemoresistance, relapse after treatment and associated adverse effects has posed challenges to the present therapeutic regimes. Thus, investigating new therapeutic agents of natural origin and delineating the underlying mechanism of action is necessary. Since ages and still in continuum, the phytochemicals have been the prime source of identifying bioactive agents against cancer. They have been exploited for isolating targeted specific compounds to modulate the key regulating signaling pathways of cancer pathogenesis and progression. Capsaicin (alkaloid compound in chilli), catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (phytochemicals in green tea), lutein (carotenoid found in yellow fruits), Garcinol (phenolic compound present in kokum tree) and many other naturally available compounds are also very valuable to develop the drugs to treat the cancer. An alternate repository of similar chemical diversity exists in the form of endophytic fungi inhabiting the medicinal plants. There is a high diversity of plant associated endophytic fungi in nature which are potent producers of anti-cancer compounds and offers even stronger hope for the discovery of an efficient anti-cancer drug. These fungi provide various bioactive molecules, such as terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, quinines, steroids etc. exhibiting anti-cancerous property. The review discusses the relevance of phytochemicals in chemoprevention and as modulators of miRNA. The perspective advocates the imperative role of anti-cancerous secondary metabolites containing repository of endophytic fungi, as an alternative route of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 248001 India
| | - Neha Kapoor
- School of Applied Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017 India
| | - Girish Chandra
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand 248001 India
| | - Lokesh Gambhir
- School of Applied Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017 India
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