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Paula DD, França M, Leão L, Maciel A, Moura T, de Moraes S, Bahia C, Borges R, Batista E, Passos A, Oliveira K, Herculano A. Total rupture of Achilles tendon induces inflammatory response and glial activation on the spinal cord of mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2023; 56:e12391. [PMID: 37851789 PMCID: PMC10578131 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2023e12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rupture of Achilles tendon is a common accident affecting professional and recreational athletes. Acute and chronic pain are symptoms commonly observed in patients with rupture. However, few studies have investigated whether Achilles tendon rupture is able to promote disorders in the central nervous system (CNS). Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate nociceptive alterations and inflammatory response in the L5 lumbar segment of Balb/c mice spinal cord after Achilles tendon rupture. We found increased algesia in the paw of the ruptured group on the 7th and 14th days post-tenotomy compared with the control group. This phenomenon was accompanied by overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) as well as hyperactivation of astrocytes and microglia in nociceptive areas of L5 spinal cord as evidenced by intense GFAP and IBA-1 immunostaining, respectively. Biochemical studies also demonstrated increased levels of nitrite in the L5 spinal cord of tenotomized animals compared with the control group. Thus, we have demonstrated for the first time that total rupture of the Achilles tendon induced inflammatory response and nitrergic and glial activation in the CNS in the L5 spinal cord region.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.R. De Paula
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - M.S. França
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L.K.R. Leão
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A.A. Maciel
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - T.A.A. Moura
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - S.A.S. de Moraes
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - C.P. Bahia
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - R.S. Borges
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - E.J.O. Batista
- Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A.C.F. Passos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - K.R.H.M. Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A.M. Herculano
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
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Soares de Moraes SA. Novel insights into the pathogenesis of tendon injury: mechanotransduction and neuroplasticity. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2223-2224. [PMID: 35259839 PMCID: PMC9083180 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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