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Haddad S, Bashour G, Kaada H, Rajab S, Al-Janabi MH, Alshehabi Z. Primary left intrathoracic extrapulmonary trans-diaphragmatic hydatid cyst causing eventration: first case in literature. J Surg Case Rep 2024; 2024:rjae458. [PMID: 39015116 PMCID: PMC11249964 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjae458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydatidosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the cystic stage of Echinococcus species. Intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts causing eventration are very rare. Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old female who presented with chest pain, intermittent coughing, general weakness, and fever. On auscultation, there were diminished respiratory sounds at the base of the left lung. A computed tomography scan showed a cystic formation with an ambiguous location involving the left lower thorax and the left hypochondrium. Complete surgical resection is the standard treatment for intrathoracic extrapulmonary hydatid cysts. Due to the direct bordering of the cyst with the pericardium in the left cadiophrenic angle, a cystotomy and evacuation of the cystic cavity were performed, followed by washing it with povidone and hyperosmolar saline. The location of the hydatid cyst has an important role in determining the surgical approach, as the unusual location could affect the possibility of radically removing the cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddik Haddad
- Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, GRF4+3WH, Latakia 2230, Syria
- Cancer Research Center, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
| | - George Bashour
- Faculty of Medicine, Tishreen University, GRF4+3WH, Latakia 2230, Syria
- Cancer Research Center, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
| | - Hussein Kaada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
| | - Samer Rajab
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
| | | | - Zuheir Alshehabi
- Cancer Research Center, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
- Department of Pathology, Tishreen University Hospital, GRF3+R8F, Latakia 2230, Syria
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Marinescu R, Cretu CM, Ciumeica S, Dan Constantin L. Surgical Management of Cystic Pelvic Hydatid Bone Disease Using Additively Manufactured Customized Implants for Salvage Reconstruction: A Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2024; 16:e63559. [PMID: 39087194 PMCID: PMC11289703 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and treatment of pelvic bone hydatidosis (BH) present substantial challenges for orthopedic surgeons, requiring collaboration with parasitologists, radiologists, pathologists, and engineers. Surgical treatment selection depends on factors such as the extent of bone loss, soft tissue management, previously applied therapies, and local colonization status. This report details the advanced management of two young patients diagnosed late with severe cystic pelvic BH, an atypical presentation due to their geographic origin and age. Following extensive diagnostic assessments, including serology and 3D imaging, the patients underwent a two-step surgical intervention. The initial surgery involved extensive debridement and the placement of a poly-methyl-methacrylate spacer, followed by a second procedure utilizing a custom-made, tri-flanged implant for definitive pelvic reconstruction. The custom implant, designed via an electron beam melting process, successfully restored hip functionality and anatomy, as evidenced by improvements in functional scores and post-operative imaging. Short-term monitoring confirmed the integration of the implant and the absence of infection recurrence, demonstrating the approach's effectiveness. These cases highlight the potential of using additive manufacturing (AM) to create patient-specific implants for managing complex hip cases and emphasize the necessity for early detection and a multidisciplinary approach in treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Marinescu
- Orthopedic Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | | | - Stefan Ciumeica
- Orthopedic Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
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Haydar AA, Rafizadeh SM, Rahmanikhah E, Nozarian Z, Aghajani A, Rajabi MT. Orbital intramuscular hydatid cyst causing compressive optic neuropathy: a case report and literature review. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:257. [PMID: 38877497 PMCID: PMC11179359 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03502-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinococcosis, commonly known as hydatid disease, is a zoonotic infection resulting from the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The occurrence of hydatid cysts in the orbital region is uncommon, representing less than 1% of all reported hydatid cases. This report details a unique case of an intramuscular hydatid cyst in the orbital region that led to compressive optic neuropathy. CASE PRESENTATION A 22-year-old male from Kabul, Afghanistan presented with a five-month history of progressive proptosis in his left eye, associated with a gradual decrease in vision over the past three weeks. The left eye exhibited upward globe dystopia, ocular motility limitation, mild conjunctival injection, and chemosis. Diagnosis was achieved through imaging and histopathological examination. Treatment involves surgical removal of the cyst and prolonged albendazole therapy. The postoperative course showed significant improvement in the patient's condition and restoration of his vision. CONCLUSIONS Despite its rarity, this case underscores the importance of awareness and knowledge of hydatid disease among physicians, especially those working in endemic areas. It emphasizes the importance of including hydatid disease in the differential diagnosis of orbital masses, particularly in endemic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A Haydar
- Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohsen Rafizadeh
- Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Elham Rahmanikhah
- Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
| | - Zohreh Nozarian
- Department of Ophthalmic Pathology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Aghajani
- Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taher Rajabi
- Department of Orbital and Oculoplastic Surgery, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, South Kargar Street, Qazvin Square, Tehran, 1336616351, Iran
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Bahadoran E, Samieerad F, Molaverdikhani S, Gholamzadeh Khoei S. Primary ovarian hydatid cyst mimicking cyst adenoma: a rare case report. GMS HYGIENE AND INFECTION CONTROL 2024; 19:Doc33. [PMID: 38993381 PMCID: PMC11238422 DOI: 10.3205/dgkh000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Hydatid cysts (HC) are zoonotic diseases that are mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Ovarian HC is a rare condition with different and unspecified presentations. Here we report a rare case of primary ovarian HC. Case Presentation A 47-year-old woman with chronic abdominal pain and left hemipelvic fullness was referred to the Obstetrics Clinic of the Kowsar Hospital of Qazvin. Abdominopelvic sonography revealed a cystic mass, which primarily suggested a cyst adenoma. The tumor marker levels were within normal limits. After surgical resection, histopathological examination showed a cystic mass with dimensions of 10×6×3 cm, smooth external and internal aspects, wall thickness of 0.3 cm, and multiple pieces of irregular gray membranous tissue. The patient was treated with albendazole 3 months after surgery, and a 6-month follow-up sonogram revealed no signs of recurrence. Discussion HC has non-specific presentations. Radiologists, pathologists, and surgeons should consider HC as a differential diagnosis for any cystic mass in the pelvic cavity, especially in endemic areas. Surgical resection and albendazole administration are the chosen treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Bahadoran
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Samieerad
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Medical School, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences Qazvin, Kowsar Medical and Educational Center, Qazvin, Iran
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Mahesan A, Kedia S, Kamila G, Khandakar H, Suri V, Garg A, Kumar A, Jauhari P, Chakrabarty B, Gulati S. Teaching Video NeuroImage: Intracranial Multivesicular Hydatid Cyst: Unveiling the Enigma. Neurology 2024; 102:e209318. [PMID: 38527240 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Mahesan
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Kedia
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Kamila
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Hena Khandakar
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Vaishali Suri
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Garg
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Atin Kumar
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Jauhari
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Biswaroop Chakrabarty
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - Sheffali Gulati
- From the Department of Pediatrics (A.M., G.K., P.J., B.C., S.G.), Child Neurology Division, Centre of Excellence & Advanced Research for Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Departments of Neurosurgery (S.K.), Pathology (H.K., V.S.), Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology (A.G., A.K.), AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Li T, Zhang W, Shen L, Wang X. Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Cerebral Alveolar Echinococcosis in the Tibetan Region of Sichuan, China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:706-712. [PMID: 38442426 PMCID: PMC10993855 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis in the Tibetan region of Sichuan, China. A retrospective analysis of hospitalized cases of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis from six medical units in the Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, from January 2016 to June 2021 was conducted. The study focused on the characteristics, clinical presentation, and imaging features of the disease. Of 119 cerebral alveolar echinococcosis patients, 76 were male and 43 were female. Occupationally, 62 were farmers, 46 were herdsmen, nine were monks, and two were students. The mean age was 43.9 (± 13.9) years. The primary clinical manifestations were dizziness, headaches, and epilepsy. The incidence of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis was most concentrated within 4 years after the diagnosis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (77/119, 64.7%). There were 86 cases (72.3%) with multiple intracranial echinococcosis lesions, with an average size of 2.0 cm × 2.5 cm. The imaging features showed that the lesion was mainly concentrated in the anterior circulation blood supply area, and the lesion had multiple aggregated small vesicular structures as its unique imaging feature. Among 98 follow-up cases, 62 could live independently (63.3%); 18 deaths were recorded (18.4%), with an approximate 5-year survival rate of 81.6%. Regular examination of patients with first diagnosis of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis without a combination of echinococcosis in other parts of the body can help monitor and prevent the occurrence of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis, improve the understanding of cerebral alveolar echinococcosis in Tibetan areas of Sichuan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shifang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Kangding, China
| | - Liangwei Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Kangding, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Reddy H, Malali S, Dhondge RH, Kumar S, Acharya S. Hydatidosis: A Rare Case of Multi-organ Involvement. Cureus 2024; 16:e57562. [PMID: 38706998 PMCID: PMC11069619 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus is the tapeworm that causes hydatidosis. The liver is the most frequently impacted region, although it can also affect the spleen, lung, and peritoneum. Dogs are the definite hosts, whereas humans are the unintentional accidental hosts. The peritoneum is an unusual site for hydatid cysts. We report the case of a 42-year-old male who had abdominal distension. A CT scan revealed hydatid cysts in the liver, spleen, and peritoneum. The patient was managed conservatively with albendazole and advised for surgical intervention and removal of daughter cysts. This case highlights the uncommon presentation of hydatid disease involving multiple intra-abdominal organs concurrently. The successful management of such cases necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing accurate diagnosis, timely intervention, and comprehensive treatment strategies. Furthermore, this case emphasizes the importance of clinical suspicion in endemic regions to optimize patient outcomes and enhance quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshitha Reddy
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Suprit Malali
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | | | - Sunil Kumar
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
| | - Sourya Acharya
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, IND
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Darzi FA, Asgarian-Omran H, Sarvi S, Valadan R, Hataminejad M, Mayahi S, Shariatzadeh SA, Abbasi T, Galeh TM, Fakhar M, Harandi MF, Gholami S. Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Antigen B Purified from Sheep Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF) with Commercial ELISA Kit. Infect Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:e200224227165. [PMID: 38415436 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265281114240131045945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus. CE is a health problem in Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran. The purpose of this study was to purify subunit 8 KDa antigen B from crude sheep hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) and compare its sensitivity and specificity with a commercial human ELISA kit (PT-Hydatid-96). METHODS 28 sera samples were collected from hydatid cyst patients who had surgery for a hydatid cyst and had their disease confirmed by pathology after the surgery. Furthermore, 35 samples of healthy individuals with no history of hydatid cysts were collected, as were nine serum samples from parasite-infected non-CE patients. HCF was obtained from sheep fertile cysts at a Sari slaughterhouse and used as an antigen. In an indirect ELISA test, the B antigen was employed, and the results were compared to those from a commercial ELISA kit. RESULTS The results of this study were analyzed using the Kappa test. The commercial ELISA kit showed 17 cases (23.6%) positive, 44 cases (61.1%) negative, and 11 cases (15.3%) borderline. B antigen showed that 18 (25%), 43 (59.7 %), and 11 (15.3%) were positive, negative, and borderline, respectively. One sample (1.4% of 72 total samples) of 35 serum samples from healthy individuals was positive using B antigen-based ELISA. In addition, all nine serum samples from parasite-infected non-CE patients were negative for both tests. The sensitivity and specificity of the commercial ELISA kit have been evaluated at 60.7% and 100%, respectively. For B antigenbased ELISA, these values are 64.3 and 97.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION Antigen B produced from hydatid cyst fluid is a promising option for serological identification of hydatid cysts in both infected and healthy individuals. In an indirect ELISA test, hydatid fluid antigen could be used as a precise source of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abdollahpour Darzi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hossein Asgarian-Omran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reza Valadan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Hataminejad
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sabah Mayahi
- Doctor of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Toktam Abbasi
- Student in Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedics, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Fakhar
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Majid Fassihi Harandi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Shirzad Gholami
- Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Sadr S, Lotfalizadeh N, Abbasi AM, Soleymani N, Hajjafari A, Roohbaksh Amooli Moghadam E, Borji H. Challenges and Prospective of Enhancing Hydatid Cyst Chemotherapy by Nanotechnology and the Future of Nanobiosensors for Diagnosis. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:494. [PMID: 37999613 PMCID: PMC10674171 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cysts have been widely recognized for decades as a common medical problem that affects millions of people. A revolution in medical treatment may be on the prospect of nanotechnology enhancing chemotherapy against hydatid cysts. An overview of nanotechnology's impact on chemotherapeutics is presented in the current review. It discusses some of the challenges as well as some of the opportunities. The application of nanotechnology to enhance chemotherapy against hydatid cysts is what this review will explore. Nanotechnology is a critical component of delivering therapeutic agents with greater precision and efficiency and targeting hydatid cysts with better efficacy, and minimizing interference with surrounding tissue. However, there are biodistribution challenges, toxicity, and resistance problems associated with nanotherapeutics. Additionally, nanobiosensors are being investigated to enable the early diagnosis of hydatid cysts. A nanobiosensor can detect hydatid cysts by catching them early, non-invasively, rapidly, and accurately. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests can be enhanced with nanobiosensors because they take advantage of the unique properties of nanomaterials. By providing more precise and customized treatment options for hydatid cysts, nanotechnology may improve therapeutic options and strategies for diagnosing the disease. In conclusion, treatment with nanotechnology to treat hydatid cysts is potentially effective but presents many obstacles. Furthermore, nanobiosensors are being integrated into diagnostic techniques, as well as helping to diagnose patients earlier and more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Sadr
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917794897, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Narges Lotfalizadeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917794897, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Amir Mohammad Abbasi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917794897, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Nooshinmehr Soleymani
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917794897, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Ashkan Hajjafari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran 1477893855, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Borji
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917794897, Iran; (S.S.)
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Monge-Maillo B, Lopez-Velez R. Cystic echinococcosis of the bone. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2023; 36:341-347. [PMID: 37593962 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cystic echinococcosis (CE) has a wide world distribution causing important morbidity. Osseous involvement is present in less than 4% of the CE cases. Its diagnosis and therapeutic management is full of challenges and low grade of evidence. RECENT FINDINGS The study summarizes literature evidence on the management of osseous CE with particular emphasis on new data regarding diagnosis and treatment. SUMMARY Clinical presentation of osseous CE depends on the skeletal area affected. Diagnosis is mostly based on radiological findings and serology. Recent advances with qPCR on osseous tissue samples seem to be a good option for diagnosis confirmation. Complete resection of the cystic lesion is the only curative option, but it is usually not possible performing palliative surgery and prolonged albendazole intake in most cases. Radiotherapy could be an option, but experience to date is only based on clinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Monge-Maillo
- National Reference Unit for Tropical Diseases. Infectious Diseases Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital. IRICYS. CIBERINFEC. Madrid, Spain
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11
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Tadasa S, Dencha B, Gebrekidan M, Bedasso S, Tsehay Abebe A. Posterior Mediastinal Hydatid Cyst with Spine and Chest Wall Involvement. Int Med Case Rep J 2023; 16:371-376. [PMID: 37333036 PMCID: PMC10270697 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s416652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst, which is caused by Echinococcus larvae, is a worldwide zoonotic disease which can affect virtually any organ in the body. Although the liver and lungs are the most commonly affected, it can occur in other parts of the body. Mediastinal hydatid cysts are incredibly rare, but imaging is crucial to diagnose and determine the extent of involvement and complications. In this article, we present a case of posterior Mediastinal hydatid cyst with adjacent chest wall and spinal involvement, diagnosed through chest CT and histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimalis Tadasa
- Department of Radiology, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mizan, Ethiopia
| | - Bereket Dencha
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Science and Medicine, Bahirdar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia
| | - Messay Gebrekidan
- Department of Radiology, Menelik II Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Selamawit Bedasso
- ALERT Hospital/Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abel Tsehay Abebe
- Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University, Sinai Grace Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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Boumediene M, Tbini M, Driss S, Bensalah M, Jrad M. Hydatid cyst in the parotid gland, a rare localization of the disease: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 107:108355. [PMID: 37263004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Hydatid cysts are often found in the liver or lungs. As for the parotid localization, it remains exceptional even in endemic areas and presents as a tumor of the parotid thus representing a challenge to the practitioner. CASE PRESENTATION A 54-year-old male farmer presented with a swelling in the left parotid gland region evolving over the past 2 years. Physical examination revealed a non-tender and mobile swelling in the left parotid region, the overlying skin was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a cystic lesion of the left parotid gland. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) yielded a clear fluid with a few benign epithelial cell. A superficial parotidectomy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of a hydatid cyst in the parotid gland. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Parotid hydatid cyst is exceptional. However, it can be suspected in the context of an isolated parotid cystic mass in an endemic area, even in the absence of any other associated location. CONCLUSION Hydatid cysts of the parotid gland have a polymorphic and a specific symptomatology and require surgical removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Boumediene
- Radiology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9-Avril 1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, Tunisia
| | - Makram Tbini
- ENT Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9-Avril 1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, Tunisia.
| | - Sofiene Driss
- Radiology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9-Avril 1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mamia Bensalah
- ENT Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9-Avril 1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, Tunisia
| | - Myriam Jrad
- Radiology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Boulevard du 9-Avril 1938, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis el Manar, Tunisia
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Alshoabi SA, Alkalady AH, Almas KM, Magram AO, Algaberi AK, Alareqi AA, Hamid AM, Alhazmi FH, Qurashi AA, Abdulaal OM, Aloufi KM, Alsharif WM, Alsultan KD, Omer AM, Gareeballah A. The Neoplasms Mimicker: A Pictorial Review of Hydatid Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13061127. [PMID: 36980435 PMCID: PMC10047450 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydatid cyst is a common name for the larval stage of a tapeworm species of the genus Echinococcus granulosus, which is transmitted from animals to humans via the fecal–oral route. Hydatid cysts predominantly affect the liver (75%), followed by the lung (15%), and they can affect many organs in the human body. Medical imaging modalities are the keystone for the diagnosis of hydatid cysts with high sensitivity and specificity. Ultrasound imaging with high resolution is the first choice for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, staging, establishing a role in interventional management, and follow-up, and it can differentiate Type I hydatid cysts from simple liver cysts. Unenhanced computed tomography (CT) is indicated where or when an ultrasound is unsatisfactory, such as with chest or brain hydatid cysts, when detecting calcification, and in obese patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior for demonstrating cyst wall defects, biliary communication, neural involvement, and differentiating hydatid cysts from simple cysts using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences. According to the phase of growth, hydatid cysts occur in different sizes and shapes, which may mimic benign or malignant neoplasms and may create diagnostic challenges in some cases. Hydatid cysts can mimic simple cysts, choledochal cysts, Caroli’s disease, or mesenchymal hamartomas of the liver. They can mimic lung cystic lesions, mycetoma, blood clots, Rasmussen aneurysms, and even lung carcinomas. Differential diagnosis can be difficult for arachnoid cysts, porencephalic cysts, pyogenic abscesses, and even cystic tumors of the brain, and can create diagnostic dilemmas in the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Abdulwadoud Alshoabi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | | | | | | | | | - Amal A. Alareqi
- Radiology Department, 21 September University of Medical and Applied Science, Sana’a, Yemen
| | | | - Fahad H. Alhazmi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Qurashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah M. Abdulaal
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M. Aloufi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa M. Alsharif
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal D. Alsultan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awatif M. Omer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awadia Gareeballah
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Alabdullah MN, Awad A, Alabdullah H. Total Resection of Intraorbital Hydatid Cyst by Using Lynch Approach: A Case Report. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221113802. [PMID: 35996338 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221113802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidosis is a chronic zoonotic infection of humans caused by the infestation of larvae of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. All parts of the body can be infected, especially the liver and lungs. Intraorbital hydatid cyst (HC) is a rare entity and accounts for less than 1% of all hydatid cysts. Total resection of the cyst can be very challenging due to the limited area within the orbit and the severe adhesion to adjacent structures. Several surgical approaches have been described in the literature depending on the size and location of the cyst. We reported a case of retrobulbar HC in a 10-year-old boy which was completely resected using the Lynch approach. Our case should be the second reported case from Syria and the first case that used the Lynch approach in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nour Alabdullah
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Al-Mowassat University Hospital, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Abdulrahman Awad
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Tishreen Military Hospital, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic
| | - Hadi Alabdullah
- Faculty of medicine, University of Hama, Hama, Syrian Arab Republic
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Akhan O, Yildiz O, Unal E, Yildiz AE, Ciftci TT, Akinci D. Case Report: Imaging-Guided Percutaneous Catheterization and Microwave Ablation of a Bone Hydatid Cyst with Soft-Tissue Component. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2022; 107:tpmd220066. [PMID: 35895346 PMCID: PMC9490662 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) of the bone is a rare disease compared with CE of the viscera, and the most involved bony structures are the spine and the pelvis. Both the diagnosis and the treatment of bone CE are challenging for several reasons. The combination of surgery and antimicrobial therapy is the most common approach, the results are far from adequate. Luckily, percutaneous treatment has appeared on the horizon for bone lesions as a more practical option with fewer drawbacks in light of current reports. This article deals with the successful result of ablation-assisted percutaneous treatment of a bone CE lesion and a soft tissue CE lesion treated by modified catheterization technique in a male patient with left hip pain that was unresponsive to previous surgery for CE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Akhan
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Oguzhan Yildiz
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Unal
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adalet Elcin Yildiz
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Turkmen Turan Ciftci
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Devrim Akinci
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Boussaid S, Daldoul C, Hassayoun M, Rekik S, Jammali S, Sahli H, Elleuch M. Primitive pelvic bone hydatidosis: What an amazing extension. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:e05054. [PMID: 34938540 PMCID: PMC8665691 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydatidosis is an anthropozoonosis mainly encountered in pastoral areas. It mostly affects the liver, lung, and rarely the bone and the soft tissues. Skeletal involvement is usually secondary to visceral hydatidosis. We report a case of a 49-year-old man presenting with one-year history of a progressive left hip pain. On local examination, there was tenderness in the left gluteal region with reduction in the hip range of motion. Pelvic X-ray revealed an expansive bone destruction involving the left hemi pelvis without periosteal reaction. A magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple cystic lesions extending from pelvic bones to the gluteal region. The possibility of hydatid disease was raised, and hydatid serology test was positive. No visceral involvement was found by additional examinations investigations revealed visceral hydatidosis. Thus, the diagnosis of a primary bone hydatid disease was established. No surgical excision was possible, and the patient was put on Albendazole. Echinococcosis should be ruled out while dealing with progressive expansive bony lesions. Surgical management remains a challenge especially if the involvement is very extensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Boussaid
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Cyrine Daldoul
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Maroua Hassayoun
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Sonia Rekik
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Samia Jammali
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Hela Sahli
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
| | - Mohamed Elleuch
- Rheumatology DepartmentRabta HospitalTunisTunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of TunisUniversity Tunis el ManarTunisTunisia
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