1
|
Dang HT, Tran DM, Phung TTB, Bui ATP, Vu YH, Luong MT, Nguyen HM, Trinh HT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen AH, Van Nguyen AT. Promising clinical and immunological efficacy of Bacillus clausii spore probiotics for supportive treatment of persistent diarrhea in children. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6422. [PMID: 38494525 PMCID: PMC10944834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent diarrhea is a severe gastroenteric disease with relatively high risk of pediatric mortality in developing countries. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of liquid-form Bacillus clausii spore probiotics (LiveSpo CLAUSY; 2 billion CFU/5 mL ampoule) at high dosages of 4-6 ampoules a day in supporting treatment of children with persistent diarrhea. Our findings showed that B. clausii spores significantly improved treatment outcomes, resulting in a 2-day shorter recovery period (p < 0.05) and a 1.5-1.6 folds greater efficacy in reducing diarrhea symptoms, such as high frequency of bowel movement of ≥ 3 stools a day, presence of fecal mucus, and diapered infant stool scale types 4-5B. LiveSpo CLAUSY supportive treatment achieved 3 days (p < 0.0001) faster recovery from diarrhea disease, with 1.6-fold improved treatment efficacy. At day 5 of treatment, a significant decrease in blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23 by 3.24% (p = 0.0409), 29.76% (p = 0.0001), and 10.87% (p = 0.0036), respectively, was observed in the Clausy group. Simultaneously, there was a significant 37.97% decrease (p = 0.0326) in the excreted IgA in stool at day 5 in the Clausy group. Overall, the clinical study demonstrates the efficacy of B. clausii spores (LiveSpo CLAUSY) as an effective symptomatic treatment and immunomodulatory agent for persistent diarrhea in children.Trial registration: NCT05812820.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ha Thuy Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dien Minh Tran
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thuy Thi Bich Phung
- Department of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Thi Phuong Bui
- Spobiotic Research Center, ANABIO R&D Ltd. Company, No. 22, Lot 7,8 Van Khe Urban, La Khe, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Yen Hai Vu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Minh Thi Luong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hang Minh Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Trinh
- Department of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Vietnam National Children's Hospital, No. 18/879 La Thanh, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tham Thi Nguyen
- Spobiotic Research Center, ANABIO R&D Ltd. Company, No. 22, Lot 7,8 Van Khe Urban, La Khe, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Anh Hoa Nguyen
- Spobiotic Research Center, ANABIO R&D Ltd. Company, No. 22, Lot 7,8 Van Khe Urban, La Khe, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- LiveSpo Pharma Ltd. Company, N03T5, Ngoai Giao Doan Urban, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Anh Thi Van Nguyen
- Spobiotic Research Center, ANABIO R&D Ltd. Company, No. 22, Lot 7,8 Van Khe Urban, La Khe, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dixit Y, Kanojiya K, Bhingardeve N, Ahire JJ, Saroj D. Identification and characterisation of antimicrobial compound produced by probiotic Alkalihalobacillus clausii 088AE. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1737-1743. [PMID: 37498465 PMCID: PMC10485225 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01076-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Alkalihalobacillus clausii 088AE was evaluated for the production of antimicrobial compounds, their characterisation, and identification. The results showed that, 48-h-old A. clausii supernatant is able to inhibit the growth of indicator bacteria Micrococcus luteus MTCC 106T (7.0 ± 0.51 mm). The cultivation of 088AE on solid media along with XAD16N beads for 5 days, and isopropanol extraction of antimicrobial compound thereof showed enhanced antimicrobial activity (19.67 ± 0.58 mm) against indicator strain. Further purification with a reversed-phase C18 cartridge yielded a powder with 389.12 ± 10.08 μg of protein per mg. The UV spectra of the sample revealed the characteristic aromatic amino acid peaks at 262 and 276 nm. The results of triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry showed a peak of 1055 m/z, confirming the existence of 10542+, i.e., 2108 Da, suggestive of class I lantibiotic clausin. Furthermore, in silico analysis confirmed the presence of genes responsible for the production of lanthipeptide clausin. The clausin is stable in the presence of proteases (trypsin and pepsin), high temperature (100 °C), pH up to 11 and showed antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, M. luteus, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P. Therefore, it could be useful to control gut infections caused by Gram-positive pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogini Dixit
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road, Louiswadi, Thane West, Maharashtra, 400 604, India
| | - Khushboo Kanojiya
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road, Louiswadi, Thane West, Maharashtra, 400 604, India
| | - Namrata Bhingardeve
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road, Louiswadi, Thane West, Maharashtra, 400 604, India
| | - Jayesh J Ahire
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road, Louiswadi, Thane West, Maharashtra, 400 604, India.
| | - Dina Saroj
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, LIC Service Road, Louiswadi, Thane West, Maharashtra, 400 604, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saroj DB, Ahire JJ, Shukla R. Genetic and phenotypic assessments for the safety of probiotic Bacillus clausii 088AE. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:238. [PMID: 37333714 PMCID: PMC10275836 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03662-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report on whole genome sequence analysis of clinically documented, commercial probiotic Bacillus clausii 088AE and genome features contributing to probiotic properties. The whole genome sequence of B. clausii 088AE generated a single scaffold of 4,598,457 bp with 44.74 mol% G + C. This assembled genome sequence annotated by the RAST resulted in 4371 coding genes, 75 tRNAs, and 22 rRNAs. Gene ontology classification indicated 39.5% proteins with molecular function, 44.24% cellular component, and 16.25% proteins involved in biological processes. In taxonomic analysis, B. clausii 088AE shared 99% identity with B. clausii DSM 8716. The gene sequences related to safety and genome stability such as antibiotic resistance (840), virulence factors (706), biogenic amines (1), enterotoxin (0), emetic toxin (0), lanthipeptides (4), prophage (4) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) sequences (11), were identified and evaluated for safety and functions. The absence of functional prophage sequences and the presence of CRISPR indicated an advantage in genome stability. Moreover, the presence of genome features contributing to probiotic characteristics such as acid, and bile salt tolerance, adhesion to the gut mucosa, and environmental resistance ensure the strains survivability when consumed as a probiotic. In conclusion, the absence of risks associated with sequences/genes in the B. clausii 088AE genome and the presence of essential probiotic traits confirm the strain to be safe for use as a probiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina B. Saroj
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, Louiswadi, Thane-West, Maharashtra 400 604 India
| | - Jayesh J. Ahire
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, Louiswadi, Thane-West, Maharashtra 400 604 India
| | - Rohit Shukla
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Limited, Sun Magnetica, Louiswadi, Thane-West, Maharashtra 400 604 India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khokhlova E, Colom J, Simon A, Mazhar S, García-Lainez G, Llopis S, Gonzalez N, Enrique-López M, Álvarez B, Martorell P, Tortajada M, Deaton J, Rea K. Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Properties of a Novel Potential Probiotic Bacillus clausii CSI08. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020240. [PMID: 36838205 PMCID: PMC9962608 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Spore-forming bacteria of the Bacillus genus have demonstrated potential as probiotics for human use. Bacillus clausii have been recognized as efficacious and safe agents for preventing and treating diarrhea in children and adults, with pronounced immunomodulatory properties during several in vitro and clinical studies. Herein, we characterize the novel strain of B. clausii CSI08 (Munispore®) for probiotic attributes including resistance to gastric acid and bile salts, the ability to suppress the growth of human pathogens, the capacity to assimilate wide range of carbohydrates and to produce potentially beneficial enzymes. Both spores and vegetative cells of this strain were able to adhere to a mucous-producing intestinal cell line and to attenuate the LPS- and Poly I:C-triggered pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in HT-29 intestinal cell line. Vegetative cells of B. clausii CSI08 were also able to elicit a robust immune response in U937-derived macrophages. Furthermore, B. clausii CSI08 demonstrated cytoprotective effects in in vitro cell culture and in vivo C. elegans models of oxidative stress. Taken together, these beneficial properties provide strong evidence for B. clausii CSI08 as a promising potential probiotic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Khokhlova
- Deerland Ireland R&D, Ltd., ADM, Bio-Innovation Unit, Rm. 331 Food Science Building, College Rd., University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Joan Colom
- Deerland Ireland R&D, Ltd., ADM, Bio-Innovation Unit, Rm. 331 Food Science Building, College Rd., University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Annie Simon
- Deerland Ireland R&D, Ltd., ADM, Bio-Innovation Unit, Rm. 331 Food Science Building, College Rd., University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Shahneela Mazhar
- Deerland Ireland R&D, Ltd., ADM, Bio-Innovation Unit, Rm. 331 Food Science Building, College Rd., University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Guillermo García-Lainez
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Silvia Llopis
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Nuria Gonzalez
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - María Enrique-López
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Beatriz Álvarez
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Patricia Martorell
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Marta Tortajada
- Archer Daniels Midland, Nutrition, Health&Wellness, Biopolis S.L. Parc Científic Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático Agustín Escardino Benlloch, 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - John Deaton
- Deerland Probiotics & Enzymes, ADM, Science and Technology Department, 3800 Cobb International Blvd., Kennesaw, GA 30152, USA
| | - Kieran Rea
- Deerland Ireland R&D, Ltd., ADM, Bio-Innovation Unit, Rm. 331 Food Science Building, College Rd., University College Cork, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vázquez-Frias R, Consuelo-Sánchez A, Acosta-Rodríguez-Bueno CP, Blanco-Montero A, Robles DC, Cohen V, Márquez D, Perez M. Efficacy and Safety of the Adjuvant Use of Probiotic Bacillus clausii Strains in Pediatric Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Paediatr Drugs 2023; 25:115-126. [PMID: 36380186 PMCID: PMC9666949 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-022-00536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) treatments have limited efficacy and probiotics like Bacillus clausii (B. clausii) were found to be effective in the management of several gastrointestinal disorders. This phase III trial assessed the efficacy and safety of adding B. clausii (four strains: O/C, N/R, SIN, T), versus placebo, to conventional treatment of pediatric IBS in Mexico. METHODS Patients aged 6-17 years 11 months with IBS (Rome IV) for at least 2 months were randomized to receive either B. clausii (oral suspension, total dose 4 billion spores/day) or placebo once daily for 8 weeks. All patients also received conventional treatment. The primary endpoint was the difference in the proportion of patients with clinical improvements at Week 8 (Global Assessment Questions [GAQ]). Secondary endpoints included responders by Subject's Global Assessment of Relief for Children with IBS (SGARC); number/consistency of stools; abdominal distention/bloating; abdominal pain/intensity; and IBS behavior. RESULTS 73.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 67.3-80.0; B. clausii n = 129) and 78.5% (95% CI 72.5-84.4; placebo n = 130) of patients had symptom improvement (p = 0.8182). For Week 8 SGARC, 19.2% (B. clausii) and 20.9% (placebo) reported complete symptom relief. Stool evaluations, bloating, abdominal pain/intensity, and IBS behavior were similar between groups. Both treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSION No significant differences in efficacy between B. clausii and placebo were demonstrated in addition to conventional treatment. The sample size calculation was based on an expected placebo/conventional treatment response of 30-40%. However, the actual treatment response observed was 80% and, thus, a study with larger population would be warranted. In addition, this study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when such controlled social conditions may have resulted in better diet, greater family stability, less psychological stress, and lower risk of infections exacerbating IBS, thereby improving symptoms in both groups. EUDRACT NUMBER 2018-004519-31.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Vázquez-Frias
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, National Health Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Consuelo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Gastroenterología y Nutrición, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, National Health Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Acosta-Rodríguez-Bueno CP, Abreu Y Abreu AT, Guarner F, Guno MJV, Pehlivanoğlu E, Perez M. Bacillus clausii for Gastrointestinal Disorders: A Narrative Literature Review. Adv Ther 2022; 39:4854-4874. [PMID: 36018495 PMCID: PMC9525334 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-022-02285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is intrinsically linked to human health; disturbances in microbial homeostasis are implicated in both intestinal and extraintestinal disorders. Probiotics are "live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host," and many commercial preparations comprising a diverse range of species are available. While probiotics have been much researched, better understanding of the probiotic effects and applications of species such as Bacillus clausii is warranted. In this narrative literature review, we review the characteristics and mechanisms of action supporting B. clausii as a probiotic and discuss the evidence from clinical studies evaluating B. clausii probiotics for the management of a variety of gastrointestinal disorders and symptoms in children and adults. Finally, we highlight the challenges of future research and the need for more robust and diverse clinical evidence to guide physicians in the clinical application of probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders and other conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mary Jean V Guno
- Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, Pasig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Marcos Perez
- Sanofi, Industriepark Höchst, Bldg. K607, Room 5327, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maity C, Bagkar P, Dixit Y, Tiwari A. Alkalihalobacillus clausii
088AE as a functional and medical food ingredient: assessment of
in vitro
protein digestibility and food calorie reduction. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiranjit Maity
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. 5Th Floor, A‐Wing, Sun Magnetica Thane (W) ‐ 400 604 Maharashtra India
| | - Pratik Bagkar
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. 5Th Floor, A‐Wing, Sun Magnetica Thane (W) ‐ 400 604 Maharashtra India
| | - Yogini Dixit
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. 5Th Floor, A‐Wing, Sun Magnetica Thane (W) ‐ 400 604 Maharashtra India
| | - Amit Tiwari
- Advanced Enzyme Technologies Ltd. 5Th Floor, A‐Wing, Sun Magnetica Thane (W) ‐ 400 604 Maharashtra India
| |
Collapse
|