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Dar OI, Vinothkanna A, Aslam B, Furkh A, Sharma S, Kaur A, Gao YA, Jia AQ. Dynamic alterations in physiological and biochemical indicators of Cirrhinus mrigala hatchlings: A sublethal exposure of triclosan. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171701. [PMID: 38490412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS), a biocide used in various day-to-day products, has been associated with several toxic effects in aquatic organisms. In the present study, biochemical and hematological alterations were evaluated after 14 d (sublethal) exposure of tap water (control), acetone (solvent control), 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/L (environmentally relevant concentrations) TCS to the embryos/hatchlings of Cirrhinus mrigala, a major freshwater carp distributed in tropic and sub-tropical areas of Asia. A concentration-dependent increase in the content of urea and protein carbonyl, while a decrease in the total protein, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, and bilirubin was observed after the exposure. Hematological analysis revealed a decrease in the total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and partial pressure of oxygen, while there was an increase in the total leucocyte count, carbon dioxide, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide and serum electrolytes. Comet assay demonstrates a concentration-dependent increase in tail length, tail moment, olive tail moment, and percent tail DNA. An amino acid analyzer showed a TCS-dose-dependent increase in various amino acids. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis revealed different proteins ranging from 6.5 to 200 kDa, demonstrating TCS-induced upregulation. Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis exhibited a decline in peak area percents with an increase in the concentration of TCS in water. Curve fitting of amide I (1,700-1600 cm-1) showed a decline in α-helix and turns and an increase in β-sheets. Nuclear magnetic resonance study also revealed concentration-dependent alterations in the metabolites after 14 d exposure. TCS caused alterations in the biomolecules and heamatological parameters of fish, raising the possibility that small amounts of TCS may change the species richness in natural aquatic habitats. In addition, consuming TCS-contaminated fish may have detrimental effects on human health. Consequently, there is a need for the proper utilisation and disposal of this hazardous compound in legitimate quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owias Iqbal Dar
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Annadurai Vinothkanna
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Bisma Aslam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Arajmand Furkh
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Aquatic Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Arvinder Kaur
- Aquatic Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Yan-An Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ai-Qun Jia
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China.
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Tao H, Zhou L, Yu D, Chen Y, Luo Y, Lin T. Effects of polystyrene microplastics on the metabolic level of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171335. [PMID: 38423332 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Given the widespread presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water and its threat to human health, the metabolic changes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa when exposed to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) exposure were studied, focusing on molecular level. Through non-targeted metabolomics, a total of 64 differential metabolites were screened out under positive ion mode and 44 under negative ion mode. The content of bacterial metabolites changed significantly, primarily involving lipids, nucleotides, amino acids, and organic acids. Heightened intracellular oxidative damage led to a decrease in lipid molecules and nucleotide-related metabolites. The down-regulation of amino acid metabolites, such as L-Glutamic and L-Proline, highlighted disruptions in cellular energy metabolism and the impaired ability to synthesize proteins as a defense against oxidation. The impact of PS-MPs on organic acid metabolism was evident in the inhibition of pyruvate and citrate, thereby disrupting the cells' normal participation in energy cycles. The integration of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that PS-MPs mainly caused changes in metabolic pathways, including ABC transporters, Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, Purine metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism and TCA cycle in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the differential metabolites enriched in these pathways were down-regulated, demonstrating that PS-MPs hindered the expression of metabolic pathways, ultimately impairing the ability of cells to synthesize proteins, DNA, and RNA. This disruption affected cell proliferation and information transduction, thus hampering energy circulation and inhibiting cell growth. Findings of this study supplemented the toxic effects of microplastics and the defense mechanisms of microorganisms, in turn safeguarding drinking water safety and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Lingqin Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Duo Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yiyang Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yunxin Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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Zheng J, Yang J, Liang X, Fang M, Wang Y. Dual strategy for 13C-Metabolic flux analysis of central carbon and energy metabolism in Mammalian cells based on LC-isoMRM-MS. Talanta 2024; 266:125074. [PMID: 37651912 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Central carbon and energy metabolism are the most concerned metabolic pathways in 13C-Metabolic flux analysis (13C-MFA). However, some α-keto acids, ribonucleoside triphosphate (NTPs) and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTPs) involved in central carbon and energy metabolism pathways were unstable or reactive, leading to inaccurate metabolic flux analysis. To achieve accurate 13C-MFA of central carbon and energy metabolism, we proposed a dual strategy for the detection of 101 metabolites in glucose metabolism pathways. N-Methylphenylethylamine (MPEA) was utilized for derivatization of 4 carboxyl (α-keto acids) and 8 phosphate metabolites (NTPs and dNTPs). After derivatization, the MPEA derivatives were investigated to be stable for 4 weeks under 4 °C and detected with high intensity in ∼104 cells. On the other hand, we analyzed an additional 89 metabolites in central carbon and energy metabolic pathways were directly analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MRM-MS). The limit of detection (LODs) of our method were as low as 0.05 ng/mL and the linear range was at least two orders of magnitude with determination coefficient (R2) > 0.9701. The relative standard divisions (RSDs) of intra- and inter-day of 95% metabolites were below 20%. In addition, the isotope list of 82 detected metabolites in central carbon and energy metabolism were generated according to isotopologues and isotopomers for each metabolite resulting from 13C incorporation. Accurate assessment of mass isotopomer distributions (MIDs) of intracellular 13C-labeled metabolites was achieved in [U-13C]-glucose cultured HepG2 cells by our dual strategy. Finally, we performed MID analysis of 101 metabolites in central carbon and energy metabolism. Overall, this dual method is reproducible and robust for application on 13C-MFA and has a great potential for studying clinical isotope labeled samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Singapore Phenome Center, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Junjie Yang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore
| | - Xu Liang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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Langbøl M, Rovelt J, Saruhanian A, Saruhanian S, Tiedemann D, Baskaran T, Bocca C, Vohra R, Cvenkel B, Lenaers G, Kolko M. Distinct Metabolic Profiles of Ocular Hypertensives in Response to Hypoxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:195. [PMID: 38203366 PMCID: PMC10779258 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The main risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), but the actual cause of the disease remains unknown. Emerging evidence indicates that metabolic dysfunction plays a central role. The aim of the current study was to determine and compare the effect of universal hypoxia on the metabolomic signature in plasma samples from healthy controls (n = 10), patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG, n = 10), and ocular hypertension (OHT, n = 10). By subjecting humans to universal hypoxia, we aim to mimic a state in which the mitochondria in the body are universally stressed. Participants were exposed to normobaric hypoxia for two hours, followed by a 30 min recovery period in normobaric normoxia. Blood samples were collected at baseline, during hypoxia, and in recovery. Plasma samples were analyzed using a non-targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Multivariate analyses were conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and univariate analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Unique metabolites involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and ketone body metabolism were upregulated, while metabolites of the kynurenine pathway were downregulated in OHT patients exposed to universal hypoxia. Differential affection of metabolic pathways may explain why patients with OHT initially do not suffer or are more resilient from optic nerve degeneration. The metabolomes of NTG and OHT patients are regulated differently from control subjects and show dysregulation of metabolites important for energy production. These dysregulated processes may potentially contribute to the elevation of IOP and, ultimately, cell death of the RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Langbøl
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Jens Rovelt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Arevak Saruhanian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Sarkis Saruhanian
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Daniel Tiedemann
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Thisayini Baskaran
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Cinzia Bocca
- Faculté de Santé, Institut MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France; (C.B.); (G.L.)
- Département de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), 49933 Angers, France
| | - Rupali Vohra
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Barbara Cvenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Faculté de Santé, Institut MITOVASC, UMR CNRS 6015, INSERM U1083, Université d’Angers, 49933 Angers, France; (C.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.L.); (J.R.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (D.T.); (T.B.); (R.V.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark
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Nakamura K, Suzuki Y, Goto K, Yamaguchi S, Hiramitsu M. Antihypertensive and Vasorelaxant Effects of Citric Acid and Lemon Juice in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: In Vivo and Ex Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:3849. [PMID: 37686881 PMCID: PMC10489964 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a key risk factor for heart, brain, and kidney disease development. Fruit consumption has been associated with a decrease in blood pressure. Lemon juice, which contains antihypertensive compounds, may exert antihypertensive effects. However, no research has verified the antihypertensive effects of citric acid, the most abundant ingredient in lemon juice. In the present study, we demonstrated the antihypertensive effects of citric acid and lemon juice by performing single oral administration tests and the aortic ring assay using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Single oral doses of both agents markedly reduced the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the SHRs. In addition, both these agents relaxed the thoracic aorta from the SHRs; however, these effects were notably attenuated by the removal of the aortic endothelium. Orally administered citric acid was rapidly absorbed and metabolized in vivo. Among the functional compounds in lemon juice, citric acid was identified as the primary antihypertensive component. Although more detailed studies are required to validate our findings, the novel functional attributes of citric acid can achieve the normalization of blood pressure when it is consumed via diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Nakamura
- Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.G.)
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan;
- Institute of Agriculture, Academic Assembly, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Yumiko Suzuki
- Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Kazuma Goto
- Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.G.)
| | - Shohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa, Nagano 399-4598, Japan;
| | - Masanori Hiramitsu
- Pokka Sapporo Food and Beverage Ltd., 10, Okatome, Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0013, Japan;
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Zhang J, Han L, Liu H, Zhang H, An Z. Metabolomic analysis reveals the metabolic disturbance in aortic dissection: Subtype difference and accurate diagnosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1556-1564. [PMID: 37263915 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Aortic dissection (AD), a severe clinical emergency with high mortality, is easily misdiagnosed as are other cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed at discovering plasma metabolic markers with the potential to diagnose AD and clarifying the metabolic differences between two subtypes of AD. METHODS AND RESULTS To facilitate the diagnosis of AD, we investigated the plasma metabolic profile by metabolomic approach. A total 482 human subjects were enrolled in the study: 80 patients with AD (50 with Stanford type A and 30 with Stanford type B), 198 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, and 204 healthy individuals. Plasma samples were submitted to targeted metabolomic analysis. The partial least-squares discriminant analysis models were constructed to illustrate clear discrimination of AD patients with CAD patients and healthy control. Subsequently, the metabolites that were clinically relevant to the disturbances in AD were identified. Twenty metabolites induced the separation of AD patients and healthy control, 9 of which caused the separation of CAD patients and healthy control. There are 11 metabolites specifically down-regulated in AD group. Subgroup analysis showed that the levels of glycerol and uridine were dramatically lower in the plasma of patients with Stanford type A AD than those in the healthy control or Stanford type B AD groups. CONCLUSION This study characterized metabolomic profiles specifically associated with the pathogenesis and development of AD. The findings of this research may potentially lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Zhang
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Lu Han
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hongchuan Liu
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongjia Zhang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China; Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Beijing, 100069, China; Key Laboratory of Medical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhuoling An
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Zeng F, Lai M, Li Q, Zhang H, Chen Z, Gong S, Liu X, Liu B. Anti-oxidative and anti-aging effects of mannoprotein-rich yeast cell wall enzymatic hydrolysate by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites in Caenorhabditis elegans. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112753. [PMID: 37316035 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, antioxidant and anti-aging studies were carried out by mannoprotein-rich yeast cell wall enzymatic hydrolysate (MYH) obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of yeast cell wall through the Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. It was found that MYH could improve the lifespan and anti-stress ability of C. elegans by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as T-SOD, GSH-PX and CAT, and reducing the levels of MDA, ROS and apoptosis. At the same time, through the verification expression of corresponding mRNA, it was found that MYH exerted antioxidant and anti-aging activities by up-regulating the translation of MTL-1, DAF-16, SKN-1 and SOD-3 mRNA, and down-regulating the translation of AGE-1 and DAF-2 mRNA. In addition, it was found that MYH could improve the composition and distribution of the gut microbiota of C. elegans, and significantly improve the level of metabolites through the sequencing of gut microbiota and untargeted metabolomic studies. It has contributed to studying the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of microorganisms such as yeast through the level of gut microbiota and metabolites and the development of related functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zeng
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meiying Lai
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Quancen Li
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China; School of Health Science and Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhixian Chen
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China
| | - Shiyu Gong
- The Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Yeast Function, Yichang 443003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Hu Q, Sun Y, Mu X, Wang Y, Tang H. Reliable quantification of citrate isomers and isobars with direct-infusion tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2023; 259:124477. [PMID: 37001399 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Direct-infusion tandem mass spectrometry (DI-MS/MS) is an excellent tool for large cohort high-throughput quantitative metabolomics, MS imaging and single cell studies but incapable of discriminating isomers/isobars with similar MS spectral features. With experimental and density-functional theory (DFT) approaches, here, we comprehensively investigated the fragmentation pathways and characteristics of differential ion-mobility spectrometry (DMS) for three citrate isomers (citrate, isocitrate, glucaro-1,4-lactone) and an isobar (quinate) co-existing in biological sample such as urine. Results showed that all these compounds gave better MS spectra in negative-ion mode than positive-ion one and had numerous fragment ions under collision-induced dissociation (CID) with sequential losses of H2O and CO2. All observed fragment ions were assignable by combining experimental with DFT calculation results. A DI-DMS-MS/MS method was then developed to simultaneously quantify these four isomers/isobars with m/z 191-87 (CoV, -5.5 V), 191-73 (CoV, -3.5 V), 191-85 (CoV, -29.5 V) and m/z 191-93 (CoV, -41.5 V) for citrate, isocitrate, glucaro-1,4-lactone and quinate, respectively. The low limit-of-quantification was below 5.5 nM whilst accuracy was above 94% for all above compounds. The urinary concentrations of them in human and C57BL/6 mouse samples were further quantified showing clear inter-individual and inter-species level differences with significantly higher levels of isocitrate, glucaro-1,4-lactone and quinate in human urine samples than mouse ones. This provides an approach to understand the detailed fragmentation pathways for organic isomers/isobars and a high-throughput MS strategy to quantify them in complex mixtures for metabolomics, lipidomics, foodomics and exposomics especially when chromatographic separations are not useable.
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Jia X, Zhu X, Chen S, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu T, Dong Y. Systematic Exploration of the Potential Material Basis and Molecular Mechanism of the Mongolian Medicine Shudage-4 in Attenuating Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rat. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:8998368. [PMID: 37362100 PMCID: PMC10289874 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8998368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Shudage-4, an ancient and well-known formula in traditional Mongolian medicine comprising four different types of traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used in the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, the potential material basis and molecular mechanism of Shudage-4 in attenuating stress-induced gastric ulcers remain unclear. This study aimed to first explore the potential material basis and molecular mechanism of Shudage-4 in attenuating gastric ulcers in rats. The chemical constituents and transitional components in the blood of Shudage-4 were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF-MS). The rat gastric ulcer model was induced by water immersion restraint stress (WIRS). The ulcer damage to gastric tissue was measured at the gross anatomical level and pathological level by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of gastric tissue. RNA sequencing of gastric tissue and plasma metabolomics were performed to analyze the mechanism of Shudage-4 against gastric ulcers. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to explore the association between serum metabolites and gene expression of gastric tissue. A total of 30 chemical constituents were identified in Shudage-4 by UPLC-TOF-MS. Among 30 constituents, 13 transitional components in the blood were considered as the potential material basis. Shudage-4 treatment had a significant effect on WIRS-induced gastric ulcers in rats. HE staining of gastric tissue illustrated that WIRS-induced ulcer damage was suppressed by Shudage-4 treatment. RNA sequencing of gastric tissue showed that 282 reversed expression genes in gastric tissue were related to Shudage-4 treatment, and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that Shudage-4 treatment significantly inhibited gene set expression related to reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was also validated by detecting rat gastric tissue MDA, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT activities. The plasma metabolomic data demonstrated that 23 significantly differential metabolites were closely associated with the Shudage-4 treatment. The further multiomics joint analysis found that significantly upregulated 5 plasma metabolites in Shudage-4-treated rats compared to model rats were negatively correlated with gene set expression related to ROS in gastric tissue. Shudage-4 alleviated WIRS-induced gastric ulcers by inhibiting ROS generation, which was achieved by regulating plasma metabolites level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Pharmacodynamic Substance and Quality Control of Mongolian Medicine in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Pharmacodynamic Substance and Quality Control of Mongolian Medicine in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010110, China
- Inner Mongolian International Mongolian Hospital, Wulanchabudong Street, Hohhot 010090, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yuexuan Wang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical and Basic Research on Cardiovascular Diseases, Basic Research Team of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
| | - Yu Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Pharmacodynamic Substance and Quality Control of Mongolian Medicine in Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010110, China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, China
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10
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Popescu RG, Marinescu GC, Rădulescu AL, Marin DE, Țăranu I, Dinischiotu A. Natural Antioxidant By-Product Mixture Counteracts the Effects of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A Exposure of Piglets after Weaning: A Proteomic Survey on Liver Microsomal Fraction. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15040299. [PMID: 37104237 PMCID: PMC10143337 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are toxic compounds produced by certain strains of fungi that can contaminate raw feed materials. Once ingested, even in small doses, they cause multiple health issues for animals and, downstream, for people consuming meat. It was proposed that inclusion of antioxidant-rich plant-derived feed might diminish the harmful effects of mycotoxins, maintaining the farm animals' health and meat quality for human consumption. This work investigates the large scale proteomic effects on piglets' liver of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A mycotoxins and the potential compensatory effects of grapeseed and sea buckthorn meal administration as dietary byproduct antioxidants against mycotoxins' damage. Forty cross-bred TOPIGS-40 hybrid piglets after weaning were assigned to three (n = 10) experimental groups (A, M, AM) and one control group (C) and fed with experimental diets for 30 days. After 4 weeks, liver samples were collected, and the microsomal fraction was isolated. Unbiased label-free, library-free, data-independent acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry SWATH methods were able to relatively quantify 1878 proteins from piglets' liver microsomes, confirming previously reported effects on metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, TCA cycle, glutathione synthesis and use, and oxidative phosphorylation. Pathways enrichment revealed that fatty acid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, regulation of gene expression by spliceosomes, membrane trafficking, peroxisome, thermogenesis, retinol, pyruvate, and amino acids metabolism pathways are also affected by the mycotoxins. Antioxidants restored expression level of proteins PRDX3, AGL, PYGL, fatty acids biosynthesis, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisome, amino acid synthesis pathways, and, partially, OXPHOS mitochondrial subunits. However, excess of antioxidants might cause significant changes in CYP2C301, PPP4R4, COL18A1, UBASH3A, and other proteins expression levels. Future analysis of proteomics data corelated to animals growing performance and meat quality studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roua Gabriela Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei No. 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
- Independent Research Association, Timisului No. 58, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Cătălin Marinescu
- Independent Research Association, Timisului No. 58, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
- Blue Screen SRL, Timisului No. 58, 012416 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Luminița Rădulescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei No. 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Eliza Marin
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Institute for Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucuresti No. 1, 077015 Balotesti, Romania
| | - Ionelia Țăranu
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Institute for Research and Development for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Calea Bucuresti No. 1, 077015 Balotesti, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei No. 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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Li Q, Zhao Y, Siqin B, Xilin T, Zhang N, Li M. Changes in Microbial Diversity and Nutritional Components of Mare Milk Before and After Traditional Fermentation. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.913763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and quality of nutrients before and after fermentation depends on microbial community dynamics. In this study, the nutrients and microflora of mare milk were studied before and after traditional fermentation. To achieve this goal, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were used to study the changes in the main nutrients and microbial communities, respectively, before and after mare milk traditional fermentation. A total of 81 nutrients were identified before and after the fermentation of mare milk into koumiss; among these, 6 compounds [citraconic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid, creatine, adenine, d-(+)-proline, and histamine] were differentially upregulated. Histamine levels increased after traditional fermentation, whereas Lactobacillus, Dekkera, and Acetobacter grew rapidly and became the dominant microorganisms in the fermentation process. These three genera were positively correlated with creatine and proline levels, whereas Lelliottia was negatively correlated with citraconic acid and proline levels. Prediction of the functions of bacteria and fungi in the mare milk before and after fermentation included carbohydrate metabolism, cofactors and nutrition, and plant pathogens. The results of this study provide new insights into the formation of nutrients in koumiss; it is important to study changes in bacteria and fungi before and after traditional fermentation.
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