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Edrees WH, Al-Shehari WA, Al-Haddad AM, Alrahabi LM, Al-Haddad OS, Al-Halani AA. Dengue fever in Yemen: a five-year review, 2020-2024. BMC Infect Dis 2025; 25:28. [PMID: 39762726 PMCID: PMC11702136 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-10429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/27/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne viral infection that has recently become a burden worldwide, particularly in low-income countries, such as Yemen. There have been no epidemiological studies on DF in recent years in Yemen. Therefore, based on secondary data, this study aimed to shed light on the epidemiology of DF in Yemen between 2020 and 2024. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis using secondary data recorded between January 2020 and August 2024 in the Surveillance Center of the Ministry of Health and Population in Aden. The data was gathered in a Microsoft Excel file and descriptively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 104,562 dengue cases, aged between 1 and 80 years (SD = 24.93±17.02), were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. A higher proportion of DF cases was recorded among males (58.10%), the age group of 15-24 years (26.11%), in 2020 (30.65%), in the Taiz governorate (39.17%), and in the autumn (28.9%). The total incidence of DF was 103.09 per 10,000 individuals. Additionally, the incidence rate of DF per 10,000 individuals was significantly higher among males (118.3 cases), aged 25-34 years (91.73 cases), in 2020 (31.39 cases), and in the Shabwah governorate (176.96 cases). In general, the total fatality rate was 217 (0.21%), with a high rate among females (0.23%), aged ≥ 65 years (0.75%), in 2020 (0.37%), and the Aden governorate (0.82%). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that the rates of DF cases have increased in Yemen over the last few years. Therefore, it is critical to introduce an effective program to prevent DF and control dengue vector transmission in Yemen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadhah Hassan Edrees
- Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Hajjah University, Hajjah, Yemen.
- Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Razi University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - Wadee Abdullah Al-Shehari
- Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, Ibb, Yemen
- Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, International Malaysia University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Al-Haddad
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hadhramout University, Mukalla, Yemen
| | - Lutf Mohammed Alrahabi
- Medical Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
- Dental Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Queen Arwa University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Osama Saleh Al-Haddad
- Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
- Department of Health Administration, Al-Manar College for Science and Technology, Hajjah, Yemen
| | - Ali Ahmed Al-Halani
- Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Hajjah University, Hajjah, Yemen
- Department of Health Administration, Al-Manar College for Science and Technology, Hajjah, Yemen
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Neupane BK, Acharya BK, Cao C, Xu M, Bhattarai H, Yang Y, Wang S. A systematic review of spatial and temporal epidemiological approaches, focus on lung cancer risk associated with particulate matter. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2945. [PMID: 39448953 PMCID: PMC11515550 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particulate matter (PM), including the major risk factor for lung cancer (LC), greatly impacts human health. Although numerous studies have highlighted spatiotemporal patterns and PM-LC associations, these studies have not been well-reviewed. Thus, we examined epidemiological studies linked with PM-LC and provided concise, up-to-date data. METHODS We used certain keywords to review articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar until 30th June 2024 and identified 1474 research articles. We then filtered the research articles based on our criteria and ultimately dropped down to 30 for this review. RESULTS Out of the thirty reviewed studies on the PM-LC relation, twenty-four focused on PM2.5, four on PM10, and two on both, indicating that approximately 80% of the respondents were inclined toward fine particles and their health impacts. The study revealed that 22 studies used visualization, 12 used exploration, and 15 used modeling methods. A strong positive relationship was reported between LC and PM2.5, ranging from 1.04 to 1.60 (95% CI) for a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure. However, compared to PM2.5, PM10 was found to have a significantly less positive association. CONCLUSIONS Very few studies have used advanced spatiotemporal methods to examine the association between LC and PM. Advanced spatiotemporal analysis techniques should be employed to explore this association in specific geographical locations. Further research should utilize spatiotemporal epidemiological approaches to study the link between PM and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanta Kumar Neupane
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | | | - Chunxiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hemraj Bhattarai
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Program and Graduate Division of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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Interior JS, Bigay KJJ, Iringan RAA, Tanco MBF. Resurgence of dengue in the Philippines. World J Virol 2024; 13:99179. [PMID: 39323446 PMCID: PMC11401010 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v13.i3.99179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly influenced the epidemiological landscape of various infectious diseases such as dengue. Dengue is an endemic disease in the Philippines, which showed a significant decline in the number of cases beginning in March 2020 due to the stringent public health measures implemented to curb COVID-19 cases. However, the easing of these restrictions subsequently led to a resurgence in dengue cases, as reported by the World Health Organization, with a notable increase compared to previous years. As the country navigates towards a post-pandemic phase, addressing the resurgence of dengue requires sustained efforts in vector control, surveillance, and healthcare preparedness. This article underscores the critical need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to mitigate the resurgence of dengue while managing the ongoing recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine S Interior
- St. Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H. Quasha Memorial, Quezon 1112, Philippines
| | - Kyrsten Jannae J Bigay
- St. Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H. Quasha Memorial, Quezon 1112, Philippines
| | - Remigo Angelo A Iringan
- St. Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H. Quasha Memorial, Quezon 1112, Philippines
| | - Mary Beth F Tanco
- St. Luke's Medical Center College of Medicine-William H. Quasha Memorial, Quezon 1112, Philippines
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Nasution YN, Sitorus MY, Sukandar K, Nuraini N, Apri M, Salama N. The epidemic forest reveals the spatial pattern of the spread of acute respiratory infections in Jakarta, Indonesia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7619. [PMID: 38556584 PMCID: PMC10982301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58390-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a communicable disease of the respiratory tract that implies impaired breathing. The infection can expand from one to the neighboring areas at a region-scale level through a human mobility network. Specific to this study, we leverage a record of ARI incidences in four periods of outbreaks for 42 regions in Jakarta to study its spatio-temporal spread using the concept of the epidemic forest. This framework generates a forest-like graph representing an explicit spread of disease that takes the onset time, spatio-temporal distance, and case prevalence into account. To support this framework, we use logistic curves to infer the onset time of the outbreak for each region. The result shows that regions with earlier onset dates tend to have a higher burden of cases, leading to the idea that the culprits of the disease spread are those with a high load of cases. To justify this, we generate the epidemic forest for the four periods of ARI outbreaks and identify the implied dominant trees (that with the most children cases). We find that the primary infected city of the dominant tree has a relatively higher burden of cases than other trees. In addition, we can investigate the timely ( R t ) and spatial reproduction number ( R c ) by directly evaluating them from the inferred graphs. We find that R t for dominant trees are significantly higher than non-dominant trees across all periods, with regions in western Jakarta tend to have higher values of R c . Lastly, we provide simulated-implied graphs by suppressing 50% load of cases of the primary infected city in the dominant tree that results in a reduced R c , suggesting a potential target of intervention to depress the overall ARI spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Novia Nasution
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Marli Yehezkiel Sitorus
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Kamal Sukandar
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2RH, United Kingdom
| | - Nuning Nuraini
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
| | - Mochamad Apri
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ngabila Salama
- DKI Jakarta Provincial Health Office, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Fauzi IS, Nuraini N, Sari AM, Wardani IB, Taurustiati D, Simanullang PM, Lestari BW. Assessing the impact of booster vaccination on diphtheria transmission: Mathematical modeling and risk zone mapping. Infect Dis Model 2024; 9:245-262. [PMID: 38312350 PMCID: PMC10837633 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions in the healthcare system, affecting vaccinations and the management of diphtheria cases. As a consequence of these disruptions, numerous countries have experienced a resurgence or an increase in diphtheria cases. West Java province in Indonesia is identified as one of the high-risk areas for diphtheria, experiencing an upward trend in cases from 2021 to 2023. To analyze the situation, we developed an SIR model, which integrated DPT and booster vaccinations to determine the basic reproduction number, an essential parameter for infectious diseases. Through spatial analysis of geo-referenced data, we identified hotspots and explained diffusion in diphtheria case clusters. The calculation of R0 resulted in an R0 = 1.17, indicating the potential for a diphtheria outbreak in West Java. To control the increasing cases, one possible approach is to raise the booster vaccination coverage from the current 64.84% to 75.15%, as suggested by simulation results. Furthermore, the spatial analysis revealed that hot spot clusters were present in the western, central, and southern regions, posing a high risk not only in densely populated areas but also in rural regions. The diffusion pattern of diphtheria clusters displayed an expansion-contagious pattern. Understanding the rising trend of diphtheria cases and their geographic distribution can offer crucial insights for government and health authorities to manage the number of diphtheria cases and make informed decisions regarding the best prevention and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuning Nuraini
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center for Mathematical Modeling and Simulation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ade Maya Sari
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Imaniah Bazlina Wardani
- Study Program of Biology Education, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember, Jember, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Bony Wiem Lestari
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Nuraini N, Fauzi IS, Lestari BW, Rizqina S. The Impact of COVID-19 Quarantine on Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus Cases: A Modelling Study. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7120407. [PMID: 36548662 PMCID: PMC9782997 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7120407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 has currently become a global pandemic and caused a high number of infected people and deaths. To restrain the coronavirus spread, many countries have implemented restrictions on people’s movement and outdoor activities. The enforcement of health emergencies such as quarantine has a positive impact on reducing the COVID-19 infection risk, but it also has unwanted influences on health, social, and economic sectors. Here, we developed a compartmental mathematical model for COVID-19 transmission dynamic accommodating quarantine process and including tuberculosis and diabetic people compartments. We highlighted the potential negative impact induced by quarantine implementation on the increasing number of people with tuberculosis and diabetes. The actual COVID-19 data recorded in Indonesia during the Delta and Omicron variant attacks were well-approximated by the model’s output. A positive relationship was indicated by a high value of Pearson correlation coefficient, r=0.9344 for Delta and r=0.8961 for Omicron with a significance level of p<0.05. By varying the value of the quarantine parameter, this study obtained that quarantine effectively reduces the number of COVID-19 but induces an increasing number of tuberculosis and diabetic people. In order to minimize these negative impacts, increasing public awareness about the dangers of TB transmission and implementing a healthy lifestyle were considered the most effective strategies based on the simulation. The insights and results presented in this study are potentially useful for relevant authorities to increase public awareness of the potential risk of TB transmission and to promote a healthy lifestyle during the implementation of quarantine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuning Nuraini
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Center for Mathematical Modeling and Simulation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Ilham Saiful Fauzi
- Department of Accounting, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Malang 65141, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| | - Bony Wiem Lestari
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40161, Indonesia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sila Rizqina
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
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