Aufgebauer CJ, Bland KM, Horner SM. Modifying the antiviral innate immune response by selective writing, erasing, and reading of m
6A on viral and cellular RNA.
Cell Chem Biol 2024;
31:100-109. [PMID:
38176419 PMCID:
PMC10872403 DOI:
10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.12.004]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Viral infection and the antiviral innate immune response are regulated by the RNA modification m6A. m6A directs nearly all aspects of RNA metabolism by recruiting RNA-binding proteins that mediate the fate of m6A-containing RNA. m6A controls the antiviral innate immune response in diverse ways, including shielding viral RNA from detection by antiviral sensors and influencing the expression of cellular mRNAs encoding antiviral signaling proteins, cytokines, and effector proteins. While m6A and the m6A machinery are important for the antiviral response, the precise mechanisms that determine how the m6A machinery selects specific viral or cellular RNA molecules for modification during infection are not fully understood. In this review, we highlight recent findings that shed light on how viral infection redirects the m6A machinery during the antiviral response. A better understanding of m6A targeting during viral infection could lead to new immunomodulatory and therapeutic strategies against viral infection.
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