Ablation of Atrial Arrhythmias in Heart Failure

Understanding Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a growing global health concern that affects more than 20 million people worldwide. With an ever-growing segment of the population over the age of 65, the prevalence of HF and its associated costs are expected to increase exponentially over the next decade. Advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of HF have resulted in the ability to enhance both the quantity and the quality of life of patients with HF. This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology, cause, classification, and treatment of HF and describes areas of uncertainty that demand future study.

Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is commonly experienced by patients with heart failure, and as the heart failure progresses and worsens, the more likely the patient is to develop atrial fibrillation. Several factors play into this, including common risk factors, such as advanced age, hypertension, and ischemic or valvular heart disease. Treatment is aimed at anticoagulation, to prevent thromboembolic stroke, and rate control to prevent further hemodynamic compromise. Rhythm control may be beneficial for many patients and this can be accomplished through the use of antiarrhythmic medications, cardioversion, and/or ablation.