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Fan C, Liu X, Liu R, Zhang Y, Hao P. Pregnancy conditions and outcomes of Chinese women with mild, moderate and severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Hypertens Res 2024:10.1038/s41440-024-01795-4. [PMID: 39014115 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01795-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy is normally contraindicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Thanks to medical advances, the prognosis for pregnancy in patients with PAH has improved. The aim of our study was to investigate pregnancy conditions and outcomes in patients with mild, moderate and severe PAH. We searched PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu databases for studies published before May 2024. Data from 29 included studies from 1898 references were pooled and analyzed. We calculated the rates for each group as well as the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between pairwise. There was no statistical difference in maternal and neonatal survival between the mild and moderate groups. Maternal survival in the mild, moderate and severe groups was 100.0%, 99.7% and 88.8%, respectively, and neonatal survival was 100.0%, 99.7% and 96.0%, respectively. The incidence of NYHA class III-IV, pregnancy loss, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, fetal growth restriction, and neonatal asphyxia was lowest in patients with mild PAH and highest in patients with severe PAH (P < 0.001). The incidence of vaginal deliveries and term pregnancies was highest in the mild group and lowest in the severe group (P < 0.001). In conclusion, pregnant women with mild PAH can safely deliver a newborn. Given similar survival rates but greater economic and medical burdens, caution is advised in the moderate group. Pregnancy in the severe group is considered contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China
| | - Runyu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Clinical Research Center of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Panpan Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, PR China.
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2
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Park E, Safdar Z. Pulmonary Hypertension in Women. Methodist Debakey Cardiovasc J 2024; 20:70-80. [PMID: 38495664 PMCID: PMC10941702 DOI: 10.14797/mdcvj.1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare devastating disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure and increased pulmonary vascular resistance. Females have a higher incidence of PAH, which is reflected globally across registries in the United States, Europe, and Asia. However, despite female predominance, women had better outcomes compared with male patients, a finding that has been labeled the "estrogen paradox." Special considerations should be given to women with PAH regarding sexual health, contraception, family planning, and treatment before, during, and after pregnancy. Pregnant women with PAH should be referred to a pulmonary hypertension care center; a multidisciplinary team approach is recommended, and Cesarean section is the preferred mode of delivery. While pregnancy outcomes have improved over the years with PAH-specific therapy, pregnancy portends a high-risk for those with PAH. Continued research is needed to tailor PAH treatment for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunwoo Park
- Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, US
| | - Zeenat Safdar
- Houston Methodist Lung Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, US
- Weill Cornell College of Medicine, New York, New York, US
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3
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Zhang Q, Li Q, Xing W. Editorial: Mitochondrial disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1179922. [PMID: 37275227 PMCID: PMC10233147 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1179922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quanjiang Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Qiuxia Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Wenjuan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education-School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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4
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Sex- and Gender-Related Aspects in Pulmonary Hypertension. Heart Fail Clin 2023; 19:11-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Aldalaan AM, Saleemi SA, Weheba I, Abdelsayed A, Aleid MM, ALzubi F, Zaytoun H, Alharbi N. Prospective clinical assessment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension switched from bosentan to macitentan (POTENT). Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12083. [PMID: 35514768 PMCID: PMC9063971 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains an incurable disease, the combination of PAH‐specific therapies allowed evolving from symptom‐based strategies to others aiming to move patients to low‐risk conditions. Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) receptor antagonists emerged as specific‐PAH drugs that can be used in combination with other specific therapies. This work aimed to perform a prospective clinical assessment of patients with PAH that switched from bosentan to macitentan (POTENT), due to inadequate response. POTENT is a prospective, open‐label, single‐arm, uncontrolled study including PAH patients from our ongoing SAUDIPH registry. It enrolled 50 PAH patients divided as follows: idiopathic/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (I/HPAH); n = 24; PAH associated with congenital heart disease, n = 19; PAH associated with connective tissue diseases, n = 5; and pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease and/or pulmonary capillary haemangiomatosis (PVOD/PCH), n = 2. At baseline, most patients were in World Health Organization Functional Class (WHO FC) II/III (52.0%). After switching to macitentan, patients were more likely to be in WHO FC I/II (78%) and 22% of the overall cohort moved to a lower risk condition, with three low risk stratification parameters. Mean 6‐min walking distance increased about 34 m after 12 months, with a significant mean change over time (12.63 ± 11.69 at month 3 vs. 40.75 ± 12.57 at month 12, p = 0.002). Most haemodynamic parameters decreased over time, with corresponding negative mean changes (p < 0.001). The safety of macitentan was confirmed by the absence of anaemia and liver injury; clinical worsening was observed only in a small group of patients. In general, macitentan might be a valid alternative to bosentan in PAH stable patients on combination therapy with insufficient clinical response, and presenting intermediate and high‐risk parameters. We anticipate that studying this strategy in PAH subgroups would further clarify its potential and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Aldalaan
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfraz A Saleemi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihab Weheba
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Abdelsayed
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha M Aleid
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima ALzubi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdeia Zaytoun
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeen Alharbi
- Pulmonary Hypertension Program, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Lazzaroni MG, Crisafulli F, Moschetti L, Semeraro P, Cunha AR, Neto A, Lojacono A, Ramazzotto F, Zanardini C, Zatti S, Airò P, Tincani A, Franceschini F, Andreoli L. Reproductive Issues and Pregnancy Implications in Systemic Sclerosis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 64:321-342. [PMID: 35040084 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08910-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare systemic autoimmune disease that can influence reproductive health. SSc has a strong female predominance, and the disease onset can occur during fertility age in almost 50% of patients. Preconception counseling, adjustment of treatment, and close surveillance during pregnancy by a multidisciplinary team, are key points to minimize fetal and maternal risks and favor successful pregnancy outcomes. The rates of spontaneous pregnancy losses are comparable to those of the general obstetric population, except for patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc and severe internal organ involvement who may carry a higher risk of abortion. Preterm birth can frequently occur in women with SSc, as it happens in other rheumatic diseases. Overall disease activity generally remains stable during pregnancy, but particular attention should be paid to women with major organ disease, such as renal and cardiopulmonary involvement. Women with such severe involvement should be thoroughly informed about the risks during pregnancy and possibly discouraged from getting pregnant. A high frequency of sexual dysfunction has been described among SSc patients, both in females and in males, and pathogenic mechanisms of SSc may play a fundamental role in determining this impairment. Fertility is overall normal in SSc women, while no studies in the literature have investigated fertility in SSc male patients. Nevertheless, some considerations regarding the impact of some immunosuppressive drugs should be done with male patients, referring to the knowledge gained in other rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Grazia Lazzaroni
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Crisafulli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Liala Moschetti
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Semeraro
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ana-Rita Cunha
- Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Agna Neto
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Central do Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Andrea Lojacono
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, ASST Garda Ospedale of Desenzano, Desenzano del Garda, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Zanardini
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sonia Zatti
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Airò
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Tincani
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Franco Franceschini
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Andreoli
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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Han R, Gao L, Sun H, Li M, Deng C. Effect of Yiqi Buxue Decoction on Hemodynamic Changes of the Uterine Artery and Fetal Umbilical Artery and Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1849114. [PMID: 34457018 PMCID: PMC8387161 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1849114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Yiqi Buxue decoction on hemodynamic changes of the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). METHODS 120 pregnant patients with PAH treated in our hospital (January 2019-January 2020) were chosen as the research objects, and randomly split into group A (n = 60) and group B (n = 60). Both groups received routine treatment, and group B was treated with sildenafil citrate, while group A was treated with Yiqi Buxue decoction combined with sildenafil citrate. Both groups received 6 weeks of treatment to analyze the hemodynamic changes of the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery and compare the cardiopulmonary function indexes and pregnancy outcomes between the two groups. RESULTS The hemodynamic indexes of the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery, cardiopulmonary function indexes, and pregnancy outcomes in group A after treatment were notably better compared with group B (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Yiqi Buxue decoction can stabilize the hemodynamics of pregnant patients with PAH, improve their cardiopulmonary function, alleviate hypotension, and thus, reduce the possibility of adverse pregnancy outcomes, which should be popularized in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendong Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Liya Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Hongbo Sun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Chunxia Deng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing ChuiYangLiu Hospital, Beijing 100022, China
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Labazi H, Nilsen M, MacLean MR. Sex-dependent right ventricular hypertrophic gene changes after methamphetamine treatment in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174066. [PMID: 33789156 PMCID: PMC8111419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and subsequent right ventricular failure. A recent clinical study demonstrated that female sex is a major risk factor for MA-induced PAH. The mechanisms associated with increased prevalence and severity of MA-induced PAH in females are still unclear. We hypothesized that MA may promote changes in gene expression in the right ventricle contributing to the development and/or worsening of PAH in females. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were treated with either MA or vehicle. Right and left ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP and LVSP, respectively) were assessed and tissue samples were collected for gene expression and histology. LVSP and RVSP were not affected by MA in either males or females. Right ventricular hypertrophy was significantly increased by MA in females but it was not affected by MA in males. In the female mice, MA-induced right ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increased expression of brain natriuretic peptide gene and members of the TGF-β receptor signaling pathway such as TGF-β receptor-1, smad3 and smad7. In male mice, there were no changes in right ventricular gene expression. Our results suggest that MA caused right ventricular hypertrophy in female mice, but not in males and that this was associated with an increase in hypertrophic genes. The right ventricular hypertrophy was not dependent on increased RVSP suggesting a direct effect of MA on the right ventricle. If this translates to PAH patients, it might explain the poor outcome observed in MA-associated female PAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Labazi
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Margaret Nilsen
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret R MacLean
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Herrera CL, Schell RC, McIntire DD, Cunningham FG. Pulmonary hypertension complicating pregnancy: cardiac remodeling and residual concerns. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:4104-4109. [PMID: 33228418 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1847070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess pulmonary artery pressure and cardiac remodeling in pregnancy in women with pulmonary hypertension and compare these findings with studies done beyond three months postpartum. STUDY DESIGN Pregnant women with pulmonary hypertension from 2006 to 2017 were studied. Pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed when the pulmonary artery pressure exceeded 30 mmHg as estimated by right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) on echocardiography or 20 mmHg measured directly by mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAPm) with right-heart catheterization (RHC). Disease severity was assigned using threshold cutoffs. Indices of cardiac remodeling were compared during pregnancy after 20 weeks' gestation and again beyond three months postpartum when available. Pulmonary artery pressures obtained by echocardiography versus right-heart catheterization were also compared. RESULTS Forty-six pregnancies complicated by pulmonary hypertension in 41 women were identified. The study included 43 pregnancies that resulted in a livebirth. There were 20 women in whom studies were performed after 20 weeks' gestation and again at least 3 months postpartum or later. Pulmonary artery pressures determined during pregnancy versus beyond three months postpartum were not significantly different when measured by echocardiography (RVSP 53.5 ± 20.5 mmHg and 46.7 ± 20.4 mmHg, p = .26) in this limited cohort. In the 10 women in whom pulmonary artery pressures were measured with both echocardiography and right-heart catheterization, the former was found to significantly overestimate directly measured pulmonary artery pressure (63.3 ± 20.7 versus 37.7 ± 12.3 mmHg, p < .001). CONCLUSION Pulmonary artery pressures did not appreciably change during pregnancy after 20 weeks' gestation compared with pressures measured again beyond three months postpartum. Women with pulmonary hypertension did not show evidence of remodeling of left ventricular mass or relative wall thickness when measured in pregnancy after 20 weeks' gestation compared with beyond three months postpartum in this limited cohort. These findings suggest that cardiac remodeling in women with pulmonary hypertension is different from that of normally pregnant women and confirms the need for careful long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Herrera
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rachel C Schell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Donald D McIntire
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F Gary Cunningham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Wu M, Wu Y, Huang J, Wu Y, Wu H, Jiang B, Zhuang J. Protein expression profile changes of lung tissue in patients with pulmonary hypertension. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8153. [PMID: 32030316 PMCID: PMC6996500 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension occurs in approximately 1% of the global population, and the prognosis for such patients may be poor. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of this disease remain unclear. Thus, understanding the development of pulmonary hypertension and finding new therapeutic targets and approaches are important for improved clinical outcomes. Methods Lung tissue specimens were collected from six patients with atrial septal defect and pulmonary hypertension (all women, with a mean age of 46.5 ± 4.7 years, and their condition could not be corrected with an internal medical occlusion device) and from nine control patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy (six men and three women, with a mean age of 56.7 ± 1.7 years). Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analyses were used to detect protein expression levels. Results We found 74 significantly upregulated and 88 significantly downregulated differentially expressed proteins between control and pulmonary hypertensive lung tissue specimens. Gene ontology analyses identified the top 20 terms in all three categories, that is, biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and protein–protein interaction analyses determined the top 10 signaling pathways and found that the six hub proteins associated with the differentially expressed upregulated proteins (PRKAA1, DHPR, ACTB, desmin, ACTG1, and ITGA1) were all involved in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Conclusion Our results identified protein expression profile changes in lung tissue derived from patients with pulmonary hypertension, providing potential new biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and prognosis for patients with pulmonary hypertension and offering candidate protein targets for future therapeutic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yijin Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinsong Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Benyuan Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
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