Prevalence of sleep disorders, daytime sleepiness and clinical symptomatology in older adults

Insomnia and its associated factors among older people of selected ward of Banepa municipality, Nepal

Aims

The aim of this study was to calculate the prevalence of insomnia and identify the factors associated with it among older people of Banepa Municipality, Province No.3 of Nepal.

Design

A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was done; data were collected for three months from September-November 2018.

Methods

One hundred and fourteen older people were recruited. The data were collected through a structured interview questionnaire that included socio-demographic characteristics and Nepalese version of standard Pittsburgh Insomnia Rating Scale (20-item version). Information on general health conditions, alcohol intake and personal habits was also collected.

Results

The mean age of the respondents (N = 114) was 76.04 (SD 7.81), years and 51.8% were females. The prevalence of insomnia was 71.1% in the older population. Significant associations were found between insomnia and advanced age (p = .002), illiteracy (p < .001), not working (p < .001), financially dependent on others (p < .001), presence of comorbid disease (p < .001) and taking regular medicine at present (p < .001).

Fatigue-Related Factors for Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Diabetes: A Theory-Guided Multi-Dimensional Approach Using the Dynamic Biopsychosocial Model

Older adults with diabetes appear more susceptible to fatigue compared to younger adults with diabetes or healthy older adults, since aging and diabetes independently and synergistically influence fatigue. Few studies have investigated fatigue in older adults with diabetes using a multidimensional approach. This study explored the influences of physical, psychological, interpersonal, and contextual factors on diabetes fatigue using a dynamic biopsychosocial model. Face-to-face surveys were administered to community-dwelling older adults with diabetes and included variables across four domains (i.e., physical, psychological, interpersonal, and contextual factors). Univariate analyses and multiple linear regression were used. The mean fatigue score was 3.94 (standard deviation (SD) = 1.81) out of 7, and the prevalence of fatigue was 48.8%. Significant differences in fatigue severity by psychological, interpersonal, and contextual factors were found. Comorbidity and psychological factors were significant predictors of fatigue in the model, explaining 31.9% of the variance. As nearly half the sample experienced moderate or severe fatigue, which was significantly influenced by both comorbidity and psychological factors, including depression, sleep quality, and diet-related psychological characteristics, assessing patients' psychological status may be important. Awareness of fatigue could be incorporated into dietary interventions for older adults with diabetes.