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Bhaskaran A, Deshmukh T, Bennett R, Turnbull S, Campbell TG, Kotake Y, Selvakumar D, Barry MA, Lu J, Pearson L, Kizana E, Chong JJH, Kumar S. Evolution of Substrate for Ventricular Arrhythmias Early Postinfarction: Insights From a Porcine Ischemia-Reperfusion Model. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024:S2405-500X(24)00490-0. [PMID: 39093274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of myocardial scar and its arrhythmogenic potential postinfarct is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES This study sought to investigate scar and border zone (BZ) channels evolution in an animal ischemia-reperfusion injury model using late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR). METHODS Five swine underwent 90-minute balloon occlusion of the mid-left anterior descending artery, followed by LGE-CMR at day (d) 3, d30, and d58 postinfarct. Invasive electroanatomic mapping (EAM) was performed at 2 months. Topographical reconstructions of LGE-CMR were analyzed for left ventricular core and BZ scar, BZ channel geometry, and complexity, including transmurality, orientation, and number of entrances/exits. RESULTS LVEF reduced from 48.0% ± 1.8% to 41.3% ± 2.3% postinfarct. Total scar mass reduced over time (P = 0.008), including BZ (P = 0.002) and core scar (P = 0.05). A total of 72 BZ channels were analyzed across all animals and timepoints. Channel length (P = 0.05) and complexity (P = 0.02) reduced progressively from d3 to d58. However, at d58, 64% of channels were newly formed and 36% were midmyocardial. Conserved channels were initially longer and more complex. All LGE-CMR channels colocalized to regions of maximal decrement on EAM, with significantly greater decrement (115 ± 31 ms vs 83 ± 29 ms; P < 0.001) and uncovering of split potentials (24.8% vs 2.6%; P < 0.001) within channels. In total, 3 of 5 animals had inducible VT and tended to have more channels with greater midmyocardial involvement and functional decrement than those without VT. CONCLUSIONS BZ channels form early postinfarct and demonstrate evolutionary complexity and functional conduction slowing on EAM, highlighting their arrhythmogenic potential. Some channels regress in complexity and length, but new channels form at 2 months' postinfarct, which may be midmyocardial, reflecting an evolving, 3-dimensional substrate for VT. LGE-CMR may help identify BZ channels that may support VT early postinfarct and lead to sudden death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Bhaskaran
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tejas Deshmukh
- Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard Bennett
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samual Turnbull
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy G Campbell
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yasuhito Kotake
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dinesh Selvakumar
- Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael A Barry
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juntang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lachlan Pearson
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eddy Kizana
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James J H Chong
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Heart Research, Westmead Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Faga V, Dallaglio PD, Claver E, Rodriguez-García J, San Antonio R, Rodriguez M, Payan C, Comin-Colet J, Anguera I, Di Marco A. Variations in threshold values for border zone and dense scar produce significant changes in scar parameters obtained by ADAS-3D. Heart Rhythm 2024:S1547-5271(24)02829-7. [PMID: 38960303 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2024.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADAS-3D software elaborates cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images to obtain a quantitative evaluation of dense scar and border zone (BZ), including BZ channels, which can be useful for ventricular tachycardia ablation and risk stratification. However, most prior reports with ADAS-3D used flexible thresholds (60% ± 5% and 40% ± 5% of maximum pixel signal intensity) to define dense scar and BZ. The impact of such variations of the threshold values on the measurements obtained with ADAS-3D is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to quantify the degree of change in ADAS-3D measurements when different thresholds for dense scar and BZ are employed. METHODS A single-center retrospective observational cohort study including 87 consecutive patients with previous myocardial infarction who underwent CMR was conducted. ADAS-3D software semiautomatically processed CMR sequences. We compared the scar measurements obtained with the 9 possible combinations of thresholds (55%/60%/65% and 35%/40%/45% of maximum pixel signal intensity). RESULTS The overall comparison between thresholds showed highly significant differences (P < .001) in all scar parameters. Not a single patient maintained the same number of BZ channels with all the thresholds settings. A percentage difference of up to 200% in BZ channel numbers and channel mass was observed in all 36 comparisons. An absolute difference of up to 10 channels was also recorded. Of note, the highest median channel mass (obtained with the thresholds 35-65) was 59-fold higher compared with the lowest one (obtained with the 45-55 cutoffs). CONCLUSION Variations in threshold values result in statistically significant and high-magnitude changes in the quantification of scar parameters by ADAS-3D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Faga
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo D Dallaglio
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Claver
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julian Rodriguez-García
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo San Antonio
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Rodriguez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cemirame Payan
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignasi Anguera
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Di Marco
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Bioheart-Cardiovascular Diseases Group, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases and Cellular Aging Program, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Makino T, Ichikawa T, Amino M, Nakamura M, Koshikawa M, Motoike Y, Nomura Y, Harada M, Sobue Y, Watanabe E, Kiyono K, Yoshioka K, Ikari Y, Ozaki Y, Izawa H. Prognostic significance of the Holter-derived T-wave variability in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias complicating acute coronary syndrome-TWIST study. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2023; 28:e13069. [PMID: 37740449 PMCID: PMC10646380 DOI: 10.1111/anec.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the association between ventricular repolarization instability and sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) occurring within 48 h (acute-phase VT/VF) after the onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the prognostic role of repolarization instability and heart rate variability (HRV) after discharge from the hospital. METHODS We studied 572 ACS patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction >35%. The ventricular repolarization instability was assessed by the beat-to-beat T-wave amplitude variability (TAV) using high-resolution 24-h Holter ECGs recorded at a median of 11 days from the date of admission. We calculated the HRV parameters including the deceleration capacity (DC) and non-Gaussian index calculated on a 25 s timescale (λ25s). The DC and λ25s were dichotomized based on previous studies' thresholds. RESULTS Acute-phase VT/VF developed in 43 (7.5%) patients. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher among VT/VF patients (4.7% vs. 0.9%, p = .03). An adjusted logistic model showed that the maximum TAV (odds ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.29, p = .04) was associated with acute-phase VT/VF. During a median follow-up period of 2.1 years, 19 (3.3%) patients had cardiac deaths or resuscitated cardiac arrest. Acute-phase VT/VF (p = .12) and TAV (p = .72) were not significant predictors of survival. An age and sex-adjusted Cox model showed that the DC (p < .01), λ25s (p < .01), and emergency coronary intervention (p < .01) were independent predictors. CONCLUSION T-wave amplitude variability was associated with acute-phase VT/VF, but the TAV was not predictive of survival post-discharge. The DC, λ25s, and emergency coronary intervention were independent predictors of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Makino
- Department of CardiologyHekinan City HospitalHekinanJapan
| | | | - Mari Amino
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokai University School of MedicineIseharaJapan
| | - Mari Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokai University School of MedicineIseharaJapan
| | - Masayuki Koshikawa
- Department of CardiologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Yuji Motoike
- Department of CardiologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Nomura
- Department of CardiologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Masahide Harada
- Department of CardiologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Sobue
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineFujita Health University Bantane HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Eiichi Watanabe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineFujita Health University Bantane HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Ken Kiyono
- Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka UniversityToyonakaJapan
| | - Koichiro Yoshioka
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokai University School of MedicineIseharaJapan
| | - Yuji Ikari
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineTokai University School of MedicineIseharaJapan
| | - Yukio Ozaki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineFujita Health University Okazaki Medical CenterOkazakiJapan
| | - Hideo Izawa
- Department of CardiologyFujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeJapan
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4
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Kotake Y, Huang K, Bennett R, De Silva K, Bhaskaran A, Kanawati J, Turnbull S, Zhou J, Campbell T, Kumar S. Efficacy and safety of catheter ablation as first-line therapy for the management of ventricular tachycardia. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2023; 66:1701-1711. [PMID: 36754908 PMCID: PMC10547804 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-023-01483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular tachycardia (VT) is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Catheter ablation (CA) in line with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is highly effective in VT management; however, it is unknown if CA should be considered as first-line therapy. The aim of this study is to verify the efficacy and safety of CA as first-line therapy for the first VT presentation (as adjunctive to ICD insertion), compared to initial ICD insertion and anti-arrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy. METHODS Data from patients with the first presentation for VT from January 2017 to January 2021 was reviewed. Patients were classified as "ablation first" vs "ICD first" groups and compared the clinical outcomes between groups. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients presented with VT; 34 underwent CA as first-line therapy prior to ICD insertion, and 150 had ICD insertion/AAD therapy as first-line. During the median follow-up of 625 days, patients who underwent CA as first-line therapy had significantly higher ventricular arrhythmia (VA)-free survival (91% vs 59%, log-rank P = 0.002) and composite of VA recurrence, cardiovascular hospitalization, transplant, and death (84% vs 54%, log-rank P = 0.01) compared to those who did not undergo CA. Multivariate analysis revealed that first-line CA was the only protective predictor of VA recurrence (hazard ratio (HR) 0.20, P = 0.003). There were 3 (9%) peri-procedural complications with no peri-procedural deaths. CONCLUSION Real-world data supports the efficacy and safety of CA as first-line therapy at the time of the first VT hospitalization, compared to the initial ICD implant and AAD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhito Kotake
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Kaimin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Richard Bennett
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Kasun De Silva
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Ashwin Bhaskaran
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Juliana Kanawati
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Samual Turnbull
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Julia Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Timothy Campbell
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Corner Hawkesbury and Darcy Roads, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.
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5
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Rao K, Danaila V, Bennett RG, Turnbull S, Campbell T, Kumar S. Correlation of exit sites of inducible ventricular tachycardia post-ST elevation myocardial infarction on electrophysiology study, with region of infarct. Intern Med J 2023; 53:1570-1580. [PMID: 36053941 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular arrhythmia (VA) is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death post-ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Ventricular tachycardia (VT) may be inducible in electrophysiology studies (EPS) early (<40 days) post-STEMI. Whether it originates from the infarct site remains unknown. We examined the correlation between inducible VT and infarct location post-STEMI. AIMS To investigate the correlation between inducible VT and infarct location post-STEMI. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 46 patients from 2005 to 2017 with STEMI who underwent early programmed ventricular stimulation through EPS (>48 h post-STEMI and <40 days from admission). Gated heart pool scans were used to visualise infarct scar regions, and VT exit sites were derived from induction 12-lead electrocardiography. Patients were followed up for primary outcomes of recurrent VA and all-cause mortality. RESULTS Forty-six patients were included for analysis, with 50 uniquely induced VT exit sites. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 30 ± 8.7% and 22% had impaired right ventricular ejection fraction. Mean time from presentation to EPS was 16 ± 31.3 days. Of the induced VT, 44 (88%) were from within scar and scar-border regions, whereas 6 (12%) of the induced VT were found to be remote to imaging-derived scar. Over a median follow-up period of 75 months, 6 (13%) patients died, and 7 (15%) patients had recurrent VA. No deaths occurred in patients with remote VT. CONCLUSION The majority of early inducible post-infarct VT arises from acute myocardial scar; however, a small portion arises from sites remote from scars with a possible focal aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karan Rao
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vlad Danaila
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard G Bennett
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Samual Turnbull
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy Campbell
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Thomsen AF, Bertelsen L, Jøns C, Jabbari R, Lønborg J, Kyhl K, Göransson C, Nepper-Christensen L, Atharovski K, Ekström K, Tilsted HH, Pedersen F, Køber L, Engstrøm T, Vejlstrup N, Jacobsen PK. Scar border zone mass and presence of border zone channels assessed with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging are associated with ventricular arrhythmia in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Europace 2022; 25:978-988. [PMID: 36576342 PMCID: PMC10062367 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) permits characterization of left ventricular ischaemic scars. We aimed to evaluate if scar core mass, border zone (BZ) mass, and BZ channels are risk markers for subsequent ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS AND RESULTS A sub-study of the DANish Acute Myocardial Infarction-3 multi-centre trial and Danegaptide phase II proof-of-concept clinical trial in which a total of 843 STEMI patients had a 3-month follow-up CMR. Of these, 21 patients subsequently experienced VA during 100 months of follow-up and were randomly matched 1:5 with 105 controls. A VA event was defined as: ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or sudden cardiac death. Ischaemic scar characteristics were automatically detected by specialized software. We included 126 patients with a median left ventricular ejection fraction of 51.0 ± 11.6% in cases with VA vs. 55.5 ± 8.5% in controls (P = 0.10). Cases had a larger mean BZ mass and more often BZ channels compared to controls [BZ mass: 17.2 ± 10.3 g vs. 10.3 ± 6.0 g; P = 0.0002; BZ channels: 17 (80%) vs. 44 (42%); P = 0.001]. A combination of ≥17.2 g BZ mass and the presence of BZ channels was five times more prevalent in cases vs. controls (P ≤ 0.00001) with an odds ratio of 9.40 (95% confidence interval 3.26-27.13; P ≤ 0.0001) for VA. This identified cases with 52% sensitivity and 90% specificity. CONCLUSION(S) Scar characterization with CMR indicates that a combination of ≥17.2 g BZ mass and the presence of BZ channels had the strongest association with subsequent VA in STEMI patients. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV Unique identifier: NCT01435408 (DANAMI 3-iPOST and DANAMI 3-DEFER), NCT01960933 (DANAMI 3-PRIMULTI), and NCT01977755 (Danegaptide).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F Thomsen
- Corresponding author. Tel: +45 61604133. E-mail address:
| | - Litten Bertelsen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Jøns
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Reza Jabbari
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Lønborg
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Kyhl
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Göransson
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Nepper-Christensen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kiril Atharovski
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kathrine Ekström
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans-Henrik Tilsted
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frants Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Engstrøm
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Vejlstrup
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Karl Jacobsen
- Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Martin CA, Gajendragadkar PR. Scar Tissue. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2020; 6:219-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jiang X, Huang X, Tong Y, Gao H. Butyrate improves cardiac function and sympathetic neural remodeling following myocardial infarction in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:391-399. [PMID: 31999473 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increased inflammation is found in cardiac sympathetic neural remodeling with malignant ventricular arrhythmia (VA) following myocardial infarction (MI). Butyrate, as a microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid, can inhibit inflammation and myocardial hypertrophy. However, the role of butyrate in sympathetic neural remodeling after MI is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether butyrate could improve cardiac dysfunction and VA following MI by regulating inflammation and sympathetic neural remodeling. MI rats were randomized to administrate the butyrate or vehicle through intraperitoneal injection to undergo the study. Our data demonstrated that butyrate treatment preserved the partial cardiac function at 7 days post-MI. Butyrate downregulated the expression of essential for inflammatory response in the infarct border zone at 3 days post-MI. Particularly, butyrate promoted expression of M2 macrophage markers. Increased expressions of nerve growth factor and norephinephrine at 7 days after MI were inhibited in butyrate-treated rats. Furthermore, butyrate significantly decreased the density of nerve fibers for growth-associated protein-43 and tyrosine hydroxylase and resulted in fewer episodes of inducible VA. In conclusion, butyrate administration ameliorated cardiac function and VA after MI possibly through promoting M2 macrophage polarization to suppress inflammatory responses and inhibit sympathetic neural remodeling and may present an effective pharmacological strategy for the prevention of MI-related remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University. Xiangshan North Road 128, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330008, China
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9
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Bosch X, Jáuregui B, Villamor N, Morales-Ruiz M, Ortiz-Pérez JT, Borràs R, Penela D, Soto-Iglesias D, Perea RJ, Doltra A, Prat-González S, Jiménez W, Mira Á, Lasalvia L, Berruezo A. Monocyte Subsets Are Differently Associated with Infarct Size, Left Ventricular Function, and the Formation of a Potentially Arrhythmogenic Scar in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2019; 13:722-730. [PMID: 31833003 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-019-09944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the role of classical (CLM, CD14++CD16-), intermediate (INTM, CD14++CD16+), and non-classical (Non-CLM, CD14+CD16++) monocytes in scar formation after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), evaluated with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). One hundred two patients with a first STEMI had serial blood analyses after 1, 3, and 7 days. A CMR was performed at 7 days and 6 months, depicting scar core (CO), border zone (BZ), and the presence of BZ channels. CLM and INTM levels progressively decreased, correlated with the scar mass, CO, and BZ at 7 days and 6 months (p < 0.05), and inversely with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, p < 0.01). Non-CLM levels gradually increased, correlated with BZ mass and the presence of BZ channels at 7 days and 6 months (p < 0.001).CLM and INTM are associated with infarct size and inversely with LVEF, whereas Non-CLM are associated with BZ mass and the presence of potentially arrhythmogenic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Bosch
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Jáuregui
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Heart Institute, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Villamor
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Hematopathology Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Morales-Ruiz
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José T Ortiz-Pérez
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Borràs
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Penela
- Cardiology Department, Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza, Italy
| | - David Soto-Iglesias
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Heart Institute, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosario J Perea
- Radiology Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ada Doltra
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Prat-González
- Cardiology Department, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wladimiro Jiménez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Áurea Mira
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Jáuregui B, Soto-Iglesias D, Penela D, Acosta J, Fernández-Armenta J, Linhart M, Terés C, Syrovnev V, Zaraket F, Hervàs V, Prat-González S, Perea RJ, Morales-Ruiz M, Jiménez W, Lasalvia L, Bosch X, Ortiz-Pérez JT, Berruezo A. Follow-Up After Myocardial Infarction to Explore the Stability of Arrhythmogenic Substrate: The Footprint Study. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2019; 6:207-218. [PMID: 32081225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize the long-term scar remodeling process after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the underlying scar-related arrhythmogenic substrate using serial late gadolinium enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR). BACKGROUND Little is known about the time course needed for completion of the scar healing process after an AMI, which can be assessed by noninvasive cardiac imaging techniques such as LGE-CMR. METHODS Fifty-six patients with revascularized ST-segment elevation AMI (STEMI) were consecutively included. LGE-CMR (3-T) was obtained at 7 days, 6 months, and 4 years after STEMI. The myocardium was segmented into 10 layers from the endocardium to epicardium, characterizing the core, border zone (BZ), and BZ channels (BZCs) using a dedicated post-processing software. RESULTS Mean age of the patients was 57 ± 11 years; 77% were men. Left ventricular ejection fraction improved at 6 months from 47% to 51% (p < 0.001) and remained stable at 4 years (53%; p = 0.21). Total scar mass decreased from 20.3 ± 14.6 g to 15.3 ± 13.3 g (6 months) and to 12.7 ± 11.7 g (4 years) (p < 0.001). Thirty of 56 (53%) patients showed a mean of 1.5 ± 1.3 BZCs/patient at 7 days, decreasing to 1.2 ± 1.3 (6 months) and 0.8 ± 1.0 (4 years) (p < 0.01). Only 42% of the initial BZCs remained present after 4 years. There were no arrhythmic events after a mean follow-up of 62.5 ± 7.4 months. CONCLUSIONS CMR data post-processing permitted a dynamic assessment of quantitative and qualitative post-AMI scar characteristics. Scar size and number of BZCs steadily decreased 4 years after AMI. BZC distribution was significantly modified during this time. These dynamic parameters could be reliably assessed with CMR; their evaluation might be of prognostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Jáuregui
- Heart Institute, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Soto-Iglesias
- Heart Institute, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Juan Acosta
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Markus Linhart
- Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cheryl Terés
- Heart Institute, Teknon Medical Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Fatima Zaraket
- Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Hervàs
- Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xavier Bosch
- Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Berruezo A, Ortiz-Pérez JT. Unraveling the Scar With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2017; 10:CIRCIMAGING.117.006907. [DOI: 10.1161/circimaging.117.006907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Berruezo
- From the Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jose Tomás Ortiz-Pérez
- From the Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d’Investigació Agustí Pi i Sunyer, Catalonia, Spain
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